Linyi

The prefecture-level city of Linyi administers 12 county-level divisions, including three districts and nine counties.{{Cite web |title=临沂市- 东亚地方政府会议 |url=https://www3.pref.nara.jp/eastasia_c/1198.htm |access-date=2024-04-02 |website=www3.pref.nara.jp}}

Linyi is divided into three districts and nine counties, namely Lanshan District, Nanfang District, Luozhuang District, Yinan County, Tancheng County, Yishui County, Lanling County, Feixian County, Pingyi County, Junan County, Mengyin County and Linshu County.{{Cite web |title=山东省临沂市3区9县建成区面积排名，最大是兰山区，最小是蒙阴县_实测 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/399172063_120616028 |access-date=2024-04-02 |website=www.sohu.com}}

Linyi has a history of 2400 years. It is home to many historical figures, notably Zhuge Liang and Wang Xizhi.{{Cite book |last=丁 |first=文方 |title=山东历史人物辞典 |publisher=山东人民出版社 |year=1990 |isbn=9787209005036 |location=密歇根大学 |pages=879页 |trans-title=Shandong Historical Figures Dictionary}}{{Cite web |title=临沂九大历史名人，其中五个是圣人_诸葛亮 |url=https://www.sohu.com/a/www.sohu.com/a/311327616_120143233 |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=www.sohu.com}} In 1972, the Sun Tzu's Art of War was first discovered here,{{cite web|title=Yinqueshan Han Bamboo Slips|url=http://www.sdwenbo.com/art.asp?id=26&type=6|date=24 April 2008|publisher=Shandong Provincial Museum|language=zh|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029195157/http://www.sdwenbo.com/art.asp?id=26&type=6|archive-date=29 October 2013}}{{cite book|author=Jonathan Clements|title=The Art of War: A New Translation|date=21 June 2012|publisher=Constable & Robinson Ltd|isbn=978-1-78033-131-7|pages=77–78}} along with other classics on hand written bamboo slips. Sun Tzu's Art of War is currently in display at Shandong Provincial museum.{{Cite web |title=山东博物馆十大镇馆之宝揭晓 "孙子兵法"竹简入选——中新网 |url=https://www.chinanews.com.cn/cul/2011/03-17/2913304.shtml |access-date=2024-04-02 |website=www.chinanews.com.cn}}

On July 25, 1668, an earthquake that had an estimated magnitude of {{M|s}} 8.5,{{cite web |title=25 July 1668 Tancheng (Shandong) |url=https://emidius.eu/GEH/info/?en=1668.0725 |publisher=Global Historical Earthquake Archive |access-date=23 July 2021}} occurred just northeast of Linyi, making it the largest historical earthquake in Eastern China,Zhou, C., Diao, G., Geng, J. et al. Fault plane parameters of Tancheng M8½ earthquake on the basis of present-day seismological data. Earthq Sci 23, 567–576 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11589-010-0756-0 and one of the largest in the world on land. In Linyi, no house was left standing, and black water was said to emerge from ground fissures that opened up after the earthquake.{{Cite web|title=CHINA: SHANDONG PROVINCE|url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/1054|access-date=9 December 2020|website=NGDC}}

In the spring of 1938, during the Second Sino-Japanese War, the city was the scene of fierce fighting between Chinese and Japanese troops.{{Cite web |last=胡 |first=飞 |year=2021 |orig-date=2021-12-28 |title=山东抗日根据地发展历程 |trans-title=Development of Shandong Anti-Japanese Base Area |url=https://www.xuexi.cn/lgpage/detail/index.html?id=13783038990546304418&item_id=13783038990546304418 |access-date=2024-06-07 |website=www.xuexi.cn |publisher=学习强国}} The civilians were encouraged by army victory in the Battle of Tai'erzhuang, which was nearby, defended Linyi fiercely, but Japanese soldiers breached the walls on April 19, 1938. The defenders withdrew the next day to another contested area 49 kilometers away.

In 1946, during the Chinese Civil War, the CPC Directorate General of Shandong Wartime Posts was moved from the Yimeng Mountains to Linyi and renamed the Shandong Provincial Postal Administration.The Postage Stamp Catalogue of the Chinese People's Revolutionary War Period, published by the China Postage Stamp Museum

After the People's Republic of China was founded in October 1949, the administrative division was adjusted.{{Cite web |title=山东省统计局 统计分析 新中国成立70周年临沂市经济社会发展综述 |url=http://tjj.shandong.gov.cn/art/2019/9/12/art_91382_7134808.html |access-date=2024-04-02 |website=tjj.shandong.gov.cn}}{{citation needed|date=December 2023}}

In 2005, Linyi drew international attention as a center of human rights abuses related to the enforcement of China's controversial family planning policies. Following widespread allegations of violence and coercion in excess of Chinese law, local human rights defender Chen Guangcheng filed a class action lawsuit on behalf of the victims. The local Chinese courts refused to hear the case and imprisoned Chen Guangcheng on charges of fomenting state resistance.{{cite news| title = Chinese to Prosecute Peasant Who Resisted One-Child Policy | newspaper = Washington Post| url = https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/07/07/AR2006070701510.html | date = July 8, 2006 | first=Philip P. | last=Pan | access-date = November 2, 2011}} Due in part to the severity and scope of these abuses Linyi has been used by activists to criticize China's violation of women's rights.{{cite news|title=Transcript: An Evaluation of 30 Years of the One-Child Policy in China |publisher=Tom Lantos Human Rights Commission |url=http://tlhrc.house.gov/docs/transcripts/2009_11_10_China_One_Child_Policy/China_One_Child_Policy_Transcript_11-10-2009.pdf |access-date=November 2, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406084513/http://tlhrc.house.gov/docs/transcripts/2009_11_10_China_One_Child_Policy/China_One_Child_Policy_Transcript_11-10-2009.pdf |archive-date=April 6, 2012 }}

Linyi is in the south of Shandong province, not far from the ports of Rizhao, Lanshan District, Rizhao and Lianyungang. It is along the G2 Beijing–Shanghai Expressway as well as the Eurasian Land Bridge. The urban area lies on mostly flat land that gives way to more rugged terrain in the west and northwest of the city's administrative area, which covers {{convert|17,184|km²|abbr=on}}.{{Cite web |title=中国 临沂 |url=http://www.zgstgc.com/product_view.asp?id=430 |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.zgstgc.com}}{{citation needed|date=December 2023}}

Linyi has a monsoon-influenced climate with generous summer precipitation, cold, dry winters, and hot, humid summers. Under the Köppen climate classification, it is in the transition from the humid subtropical zone (Cwa) to the humid continental zone (Dwa), though favouring the former. It has the characteristics of suitable climate, distinct four seasons, sufficient sunshine, abundant rainfall, and long frost free period.{{Cite web |title=临沂市气候特点 - 山东气候 |url=https://sd.weather.com.cn/sdqh/gsqhtd/11/86244.shtml |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=sd.weather.com.cn}} More than half of the annual precipitation of {{convert|833|mm|abbr=on}} falls in July and August alone, and the frost-free period is above 200 days.

{{Weather box

|location = Linyi, elevation {{convert|124|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–present)

|metric first=y

|single line=y

|collapsed = Y

|Jan high C = 4.8

|Feb high C = 8.1

|Mar high C = 13.9

|Apr high C = 20.7

|May high C = 26.1

|Jun high C = 29.7

|Jul high C = 31.0

|Aug high C = 30.2

|Sep high C = 26.8

|Oct high C = 21.3

|Nov high C = 13.6

|Dec high C = 6.8

|Jan mean C = -0.2

|Feb mean C = 2.6

|Mar mean C = 8.0

|Apr mean C = 14.6

|May mean C = 20.4

|Jun mean C = 24.3

|Jul mean C = 26.7

|Aug mean C = 25.9

|Sep mean C = 21.7

|Oct mean C = 15.8

|Nov mean C = 8.4

|Dec mean C = 1.9

|Jan low C = -4.1

|Feb low C = -1.6

|Mar low C = 3.0

|Apr low C = 9.3

|May low C = 15.1

|Jun low C = 19.7

|Jul low C = 23.3

|Aug low C = 22.7

|Sep low C = 17.7

|Oct low C = 11.3

|Nov low C = 4.1

|Dec low C = -2.0

|Jan record high C = 16.8 |Jan record low C = -13.3

|Feb record high C = 24.0 |Feb record low C = -14.3

|Mar record high C = 31.9 |Mar record low C = -8.4

|Apr record high C = 33.0 |Apr record low C = -2.7

|May record high C = 38.0 |May record low C = 5.6

|Jun record high C = 38.1 |Jun record low C = 12.0

|Jul record high C = 41.6 |Jul record low C = 15.3

|Aug record high C = 36.5 |Aug record low C = 12.6

|Sep record high C = 35.8 |Sep record low C = 7.1

|Oct record high C = 33.8 |Oct record low C = -0.2

|Nov record high C = 26.9 |Nov record low C = -7.6

|Dec record high C = 19.7 |Dec record low C = -13.1

|year high C = |year low C =

|year high F = |year low F =

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 11.9

|Feb precipitation mm = 16.3

|Mar precipitation mm = 23.6

|Apr precipitation mm = 36.5

|May precipitation mm = 76.9

|Jun precipitation mm = 85.8

|Jul precipitation mm = 241.4

|Aug precipitation mm = 239.0

|Sep precipitation mm = 70.8

|Oct precipitation mm = 33.0

|Nov precipitation mm = 32.4

|Dec precipitation mm = 14.1

|Jan humidity = 61

|Feb humidity = 60

|Mar humidity = 57

|Apr humidity = 58

|May humidity = 63

|Jun humidity = 69

|Jul humidity = 81

|Aug humidity = 81

|Sep humidity = 74

|Oct humidity = 67

|Nov humidity = 66

|Dec humidity = 63

|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm

|Jan precipitation days = 3.6

|Feb precipitation days = 4.6

|Mar precipitation days = 4.9

|Apr precipitation days = 5.9

|May precipitation days = 7.0

|Jun precipitation days = 7.9

|Jul precipitation days = 13.0

|Aug precipitation days = 12.4

|Sep precipitation days = 7.1

|Oct precipitation days = 5.6

|Nov precipitation days = 5.2

|Dec precipitation days = 3.6

|year precipitation days =

|Jan sun = 154.4

|Feb sun = 155.8

|Mar sun = 197.6

|Apr sun = 218.2

|May sun = 234.9

|Jun sun = 199.1

|Jul sun = 175.6

|Aug sun = 181.4

|Sep sun = 182.2

|Oct sun = 186.3

|Nov sun = 158.9

|Dec sun = 156.5

|year sun =

| Jan percentsun = 49

| Feb percentsun = 50

| Mar percentsun = 53

| Apr percentsun = 55

| May percentsun = 54

| Jun percentsun = 46

| Jul percentsun = 40

| Aug percentsun = 44

| Sep percentsun = 50

| Oct percentsun = 54

| Nov percentsun = 52

| Dec percentsun = 52

| year percentsun =

|Jan snow days = 3.2

|Feb snow days = 3.0

|Mar snow days = 1.4

|Apr snow days = 0.1

|May snow days = 0

|Jun snow days = 0

|Jul snow days = 0

|Aug snow days = 0

|Sep snow days = 0

|Oct snow days = 0

|Nov snow days = 0.7

|Dec snow days = 1.8

|year snow days =

|source 1 = China Meteorological Administration{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans |access-date=12 August 2023}}

{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=China Meteorological Administration |language = zh-hans | access-date =12 August 2023 |title=Experience Template }}

|source 2 = Weather China{{Cite web|url=http://www.weather.com.cn/cityintro/101120901.shtml?|title=临沂 - 气象数据 -中国天气网}}

|date=November 2011

}}

After the reform and opening up, Linyi's economy entered a stage of rapid development, with its GDP surpassing the 5 billion yuan and 10 billion yuan thresholds in 1987 and 1991, respectively. Although Rizhao, Yiyuan, and Juxian counties and cities were successively separated (with a zoning area of about 5600 square kilometers), they still crossed six steps of 100 billion yuan, 200 billion yuan, 300 billion yuan, 400 billion yuan, 500 billion yuan, and 600 billion yuan in 2004, 2009, 2012, 2016, 2021, and 2023, respectively. The total volume has increased by more than eight times in 45 years. In 2023, the GDP of Linyi will reach 610.5 billion yuan, which is 3591 times that of 1949, and the total economic output will jump to the fifth place in the province.{{Cite web |title=山东省统计局 统计分析 新中国成立75周年临沂市经济社会发展综述 |url=http://tjj.shandong.gov.cn/art/2024/9/19/art_351284_10314288.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=tjj.shandong.gov.cn}}

Linyi's economy is based around its wholesale markets.From a booklet compiled by the Linyi Municipal People's Government (2003) The Linyi Wholesale City is ranked 3rd in its category in China with an annual trade volume of 40 billion RMB (~US$5 billion). The Linyi prefecture has developed more than 1,500 specialized villages, over 80 specialized towns and nearly 800 industrialized agricultural enterprises.

In 2014 the prefecture's GDP was 369 billion RMB. Main industrial products are: textiles, foodstuffs, machinery, electronics, chemicals, building materials, coal, medicines, gold and porcelain. Machinery is exported to Europe, the Americas and south-east Asia. Linyi prefecture has an annual capacity of three million tons of compound fertilizers.

The city is served by Linyi Qiyang Airport.

• Linyi Pancake（临沂煎饼）Linyi pancakes are as thin as paper, fragrant and delicious.
• Mengshan Roasted whole lamb Before grilling, goats need to be marinated with dozens of Chinese herbs and seasonings to enhance their flavor. This way, the roasted lamb is crispy on the outside and tender on the inside, and the taste is not greasy. Everyone who has tasted it has praised it endlessly.
• Linyi Grain Soup（临沂糁汤）Grit soup is one of the traditional famous dishes in Linyi, Shandong Province. It is made by refining beef, wheat kernels, flour, scallions, ginger, pepper and other raw materials through multiple processes, and has the characteristic of fresh and salty taste.{{Cite web |last=网易 |date=2022-06-20 |title=临沂最出名的7种名小吃，每种都是临沂人的心头爱，你吃过几种？ |url=https://www.163.com/dy/article/HAAL7T1505427S2N.html |access-date=2024-10-27 |website=www.163.com}}

Linyi Qiyang International Airport.

Linyi Metro. The urban rail transit network planned for Linyi City in 2030 consists of 5 lines, with a total length of approximately 166.6 kilometers and 138 stations, including 14 transfer stations, with an average distance of 1.2 kilometers between stations.{{cn|date=April 2025}}

• Xunzi (312–230 BCE), philosopher
• Wang Xiang (185–269), Eastern Han Dynasty politician, famous for his fillial piety
• Wang Xizhi (303–361), Eastern Jin Dynasty calligrapher
• Zhuge Liang (181–234), statesman and strategist
• He Chengtian (370–447), astronomer, calendarist and mathematician
• Gui Guzi, military strategist, teacher of renowned Warring States generals Sun Bin and Pang Juan
• Zuo Baogui (1837–1894), general of the Qing Dynasty
• Xue Qikun (1963), physicist specializing in condensed matter physics

According to the seventh national census in 2020, the city's resident population was 11,018,400, accounting for 10.85% of the province's population, ranking first in the province. The sex ratio of the population is 104.66%, and the proportion of elderly people aged 65 and above is 14.12%. Compared with the Sixth National Census, there was an increase of 979,000 people in ten years, an increase of 9.75%, with an average annual growth rate of 0.93%, which is higher than that of the whole province and the whole country by 0.4 and 0.35 percentage points respectively. There are 3.9 million family households and 10.666 million people living in the city. The city's resident population in the municipal districts was 3.652 million, accounting for 33.14% of the city's resident population, an increase of 5.8 percentage points from 2010, while the resident population in the nine counties was 7.366 million, accounting for 66.86% of the city's resident population. The male population was 5.634 million, accounting for 51.14%; the female population was 5.384 million, accounting for 48.86%. The sex ratio of the population was 104.66, 0.41 percentage points lower than that of the whole country, and 1.28 percentage points higher than that of 2010. 2.585 million people, or 23.46%, were aged 0–14; 6.27 million, or 56.91%, were aged 15–59; and 2.163 million, or 19.63%, were aged 60 and above, with 1.555 million, or 14.6%, being aged 65 and above. The population aged 65 and above was 1.555 million, accounting for 14.12%. Compared with 2010, the proportion of the population aged 0–14 years rose by 5.33 percentage points, 5.51 and 4.68 percentage points above the national and provincial averages, while the proportion of the population aged 15–59 years fell by 10.61 percentage points.

There are 53 ethnic groups in Linyi, mainly Han Chinese, with 10,608,800 people, accounting for 99.45% of the resident population; 52 ethnic minorities, with a population of 58,300 people, accounting for 0.55% of the resident population, with the Hui ethnic group being the most numerous, with 46,800 people, accounting for 0.44% of the resident population, and other ethnic minorities, with 11,500 people, accounting for 0.11% of the resident population.

As of 2022, there are 5 more well-known hospitals in Linyi.

• Linyi People's Hospital (Linyi First People's Hospital): Formerly known as the American Church Hospital, it was founded in 1891. It is one of the first three provincial-level regional medical centers in Shandong Province, as well as the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, the National Postdoctoral Research Station, the National Standardized Training Base for Residents, the National Advanced Stroke Prevention and Treatment Base, and the National Training Base for Clinical Pharmacists.
• Linyi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine: Located at No.211 Jiefang Road, Lanshan District, Linyi City, Shandong Province, Linyi City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCMH) was founded in 1976, covering an area of 78 acres, with a total construction area of 133,000 square meters, it is a Chinese tertiary TCM hospital integrating medical treatment, emergency treatment, rehabilitation, scientific research, teaching and technical guidance.
• Linyi Maternal and Child Health Center: Formerly known as Linyi Children's Hospital, it was founded in 1986.
• Linyi Second People's Hospital: Linyi Yishui Central Hospital, founded in February 1945, is a municipal institution in Linyi, also known as Linyi Second People's Hospital.
• Linyi Cancer Hospital: Formerly known as the Tumor Ward of Linyi Regional People's Hospital, it became independent as Linyi Regional Tumor Institute in 1972.

Linyi's focal point is the People's Square (Renmin Guangchang). It was built in the early 1990s on the site of an old army barracks. It is about {{convert|500|m}} east-west, and about {{convert|300|m|abbr=on}} north-south. Underneath it is a shopping centre and entertainment facilities.{{Cite web |title=临沂人民广场的前世今生，这些回忆还有多少人记得？_腾讯新闻 |url=https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210504A0ACD600 |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=new.qq.com}}{{Cite web |title=图文：山东省临沂市城市名片 临沂人民广场-搜狐2008奥运 |url=https://2008.sohu.com/20080720/n258255679.shtml |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=2008.sohu.com}}

Just north of the city centre is a park dedicated to Wang Xizhi, the former residence of Wang Xizhi. The former residence of Wang Xizhi is the birthplace of the great calligrapher Wang Xizhi. For a small entrance fee tourists can enjoy a pleasant walk and try Chinese calligraphy.{{Cite web |title=山东省教育厅 临沂市 王羲之故居 |url=http://edu.shandong.gov.cn/art/2021/12/27/art_239104_10296816.html |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=edu.shandong.gov.cn}}

Near the center of Linyi city is a museum which houses some original bamboo strips from the Warring States period.

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One of the pocket parks in Lanshan District, Linyi City, Shandong Province: Langya Garden, located on the east side of South Road at the intersection of Linxi 11th Road and Blossom River South Street, which covers an area of about 957 square meters.{{Cite web |title=关于琅琊 > 琅琊园_琅琊书坊 |url=http://book.aozhengjituan.cn/langyayuan/ |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=book.aozhengjituan.cn}}

Linyi Water Rhythm Langya is a water recreation attraction completed in September 2022. It covers an area of more than 20,000 square feet.{{Cite web |title=临沂：水韵琅琊_临沂新闻_大众网临沂 |url=https://linyi.dzwww.com/news/202308/t20230829_12636819.htm |access-date=2024-04-01 |website=linyi.dzwww.com}}

Linyi New Langya Nocturnal City is a commercial and cultural street to be built in Linyi around 2022. With performances and ancient buildings inside, every part of this place is a landmark in Linyi.

• List of twin towns and sister cities in China

{{Reflist}}

{{Commons category|Linyi}}

• [https://web.archive.org/web/20190711132618/http://linyi.gov.cn/ Government website of Linyi] {{in lang|zh|en}}

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{{Shandong}}

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Category:Cities in Shandong

Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Shandong

Category:National forest cities in China

Category:National Civilized City