Liriodendron chinense
{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Liriodendron chinense 01.jpg
| status = NT
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| genus = Liriodendron
| species = chinense
| synonyms = {{species list |Liriodendron tulipifera var. chinense|Hemsl.
|Liriodendron tulipifera var. sinense|Diels}}
}}
Liriodendron chinense (commonly known as the Chinese tulip poplar,{{citation |url=http://botanicalgarden.ubc.ca/visit/garden-highlights/carolinian-forest-garden/ |title=Carolinian Forest Garden |publisher=UBC Botanical Garden |access-date=3 February 2016}} Chinese tulip tree or Chinese whitewood) is Asia's native species in the genus Liriodendron. This native of central and southern China grows in the provinces of Anhui, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Fujian, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Zhejiang, Sichuan and Yunnan, and also locally in northern Vietnam. Protected populations occur in the Tianmushan National Reserve [https://web.archive.org/web/20160303210151/http://english.sepa.gov.cn/SOE/soechina1999/biod/biod.htm], Huangshan [https://web.archive.org/web/20111007190735/http://huangshancits.com/english/SmallClass.asp?typeid=16&BigClassID=18&SmallClassID=69], Wuyi Shan [https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20080510071232/http://www.unep-wcmc.org/sites/wh/mt_wuyi.html], and Badagongshan Nature Reserve [http://www.sekj.org/PDF/anbf38/anbf38-305p.pdf]. File:Liriodendron chinense1.jpg File:Petal from Chinese tuliptree flower at Finnerty 2013.jpg]]
File:Trunk of L. chinense with epicormic shoots, June 2014.jpg, showing a purplish tint often seen in juvenile foliage of this species.]]
Description
Liriodendron chinense is very similar to the American species, Liriodendron tulipifera, differing in the often slightly larger and more deeply lobed leaves, and in the shorter inner petals in the flowers, which lack the orange pigment of L. tulipifera. The Chinese tulip tree reaches about {{convert|40|m|ft}} tall.{{cite web|url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200008462 |title=Liriodendron chinense |author1=Xia Nianhe |author2=Liu Yuhu |author3=Liu Yuhu |author4=Hans P. Nooteboom |work=Flora of China |publisher=Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA |access-date=25 May 2012}} Most of its populations are deciduous, with a semi-evergreen population identified at Mengla, Yunnan.{{Cite journal|doi=10.3390/f10010013|doi-access=free|title=RAD-Seq Data Point to a Distinct Split in Liriodendron (Magnoliaceae) and Obvious East–West Genetic Divergence in L. Chinense|year=2018|last1=Zhong|first1=Yongda|last2=Yang|first2=Aihong|last3=Liu|first3=Shujuan|last4=Liu|first4=Lipan|last5=Li|first5=Yanqiang|last6=Wu|first6=Zhaoxiang|last7=Yu|first7=Faxin|journal=Forests|volume=10|page=13}}
Cultivation
It is not as hardy as the American species, but is cultivated on other continents as an ornamental tree. It is grown in England (where there are many at Kew Gardens[http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/plants/trees/tuliptree.html Kew Gardens site on tulip trees] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060417083017/http://www.rbgkew.org.uk/plants/trees/tuliptree.html |date=2006-04-17 }}), Ireland, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Germany. In North America, it grows as far north as Boston, Massachusetts, in the east, and Vancouver, British Columbia, in the west. It is a street tree at the University of Victoria and along the Veterans' Memorial Parkway in Langford, British Columbia. A plantation of it is at the National Arboretum in Canberra.{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalarboretum.act.gov.au/living-collection/trees/tree-descriptions/forests-and-trees/forest-9 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923124020/http://www.nationalarboretum.act.gov.au/living-collection/trees/tree-descriptions/forests-and-trees/forest-9 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |title=Forest 9 - Chinese Tulip Tree - National Arboretum Canberra}} In cultivation it grows as fast as the American tulip tree. A cultivar (J.C.Raulston) with leaves larger and darker than typical has been developed in North Carolina.{{Cite web|url=http://jcra.ncsu.edu/resources/photographs/plants-results.php?serial=110930|title=JC Raulston Arboretum}}
In the United Kingdom L. chinense has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/10335/i-Liriodendron-chinense-i/Details
| title = RHS Plantfinder - Liriodendron chinense | access-date=25 March 2018}}{{cite web | url= https://www.rhs.org.uk/plants/pdfs/agm-lists/agm-ornamentals.pdf | title = AGM Plants - Ornamental | date = July 2017 | page = 60
| publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | access-date = 25 March 2018}}
References
{{Reflist}}
- Hunt, D. (ed). 1998. Magnolias and their allies. International Dendrology Society & Magnolia Society. ({{ISBN|0-9517234-8-0}})
External links
- [http://www.asianflora.com/Magnoliaceae/Liriodendron-chinense.htm www.Asianflora: Liriodendron chinense]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q1074257}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:Near threatened flora of Asia