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List of scientific priority disputes

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This is a list of priority disputes in history of science and science-related fields (such as mathematics).

Astronomy

  • 1558 invention of the geoheliocentric system: Tycho Brahe, Nicolaus Raimarus Ursus{{Cite journal |last=Serrano |first=Juan D. |date=2013-02-01 |title=Trying Ursus: A Reappraisal of the Tycho-Ursus Priority Dispute |url=https://doi.org/10.1177/002182861304400102 |journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=17–46 |bibcode=2013JHA....44...17A |doi=10.1177/002182861304400102 |s2cid=118331268 |via=Sage Publishing}}
  • 1609–1610 Galilean moons: Galileo, Simon Marius{{cite journal |author=Pasachoff, Jay M. |date=2015 |title=Simon Marius's Mundus Iovialis: 400th Anniversary in Galileo's Shadow |journal=Journal for the History of Astronomy |volume=46 |issue=2 |pages=218–234 |bibcode=2015AAS...22521505P |doi=10.1177/0021828615585493 |s2cid=120470649}}
  • 1612 discovery of sunspots: Galileo Galilei, Christoph Scheiner{{cite book |last1=Carlowicz |first1=Michael J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RJO_IsMDiccC&pg=PP66 |title=Storms from the Sun: The Emerging Science of Space Weather |last2=López |first2=Ramón |date=2002 |publisher=Joseph Henry Press |isbn=978-0309076425 |pages=1–382 |access-date=19 June 2020}}
  • 1846 prediction of Neptune: Urbain Le Verrier, John Couch Adams
  • 2004–2005 controversy over the discovery of Haumea: José Luis Ortiz Moreno, Michael E. Brown.{{Cite web |last=Courtland |first=Rachel |date=2008 |title=Controversial dwarf planet finally named 'Haumea' |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14759-controversial-dwarf-planet-finally-named-haumea/ |access-date=2025-01-31 |website=New Scientist |language=en-US}}

Biology and medicine

  • 1652 discovery of the lymphatic system: Olof Rudbeck, Thomas Bartholin{{Cite journal |last=Ambrose |first=Charles T. |date=January 2007 |title=The priority dispute over the function of the lymphatic system and Glisson's ghost (the 18th-century Hunter–Monro Feud) |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0008874907000226 |journal=Cellular Immunology |language=en |volume=245 |issue=1 |pages=7–15 |doi=10.1016/j.cellimm.2007.02.015 |pmid=17451660}}{{Cite journal |last=Ambrose |first=Charles T. |date=July 2006 |title=Immunology's first priority dispute—An account of the 17th-century Rudbeck–Bartholin feud |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0008874906001882 |journal=Cellular Immunology |language=en |volume=242 |issue=1 |pages=1–8 |doi=10.1016/j.cellimm.2006.09.004 |pmid=17083923}}{{Cite journal |last1=Natale |first1=Gianfranco |last2=Bocci |first2=Guido |last3=Ribatti |first3=Domenico |date=2017-06-14 |title=Scholars and scientists in the history of the lymphatic system |journal=Journal of Anatomy |language=en |volume=231 |issue=3 |pages=417–429 |doi=10.1111/joa.12644 |issn=0021-8782 |pmc=5554832 |pmid=28614587}}
  • c. 1660 teaching a deaf-mute person to speak: John Wallis, William Holder{{Cite book |last1=Aubrey |first1=John |author-link=John Aubrey |title=Brief lives: with "An apparatus for the lives of our English mathematical writers" |title-link=Brief Lives |last2=Bennett |first2=Kate |date=2015 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-968953-8 |location=Oxford}}Jonathan Rée, I See a Voice (1999), pp. 107–8.{{cite news |last=Elliott |first=Jane |date=26 July 2008 |title=Find could end 350-year science dispute |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/7511446.stm |access-date=2008-10-19 |work=BBC News |publisher=}}
  • c. 1667 first human blood transfusion: Richard Lower, Henry Oldenburg, Jean-Baptiste Denys{{Cite journal |last1=Hall |first1=A Rupert |last2=Hall |first2=Marie Boas |date=October 1980 |title=The first human blood transfusion: priority disputes (Henry Oldenburg) |journal=Medical History |language=en |volume=24 |issue=4 |pages=461–465 |doi=10.1017/S0025727300040588 |issn=0025-7273 |pmc=1082682 |pmid=6999258}}
  • c. 1859 development of the theory of evolution: Charles Darwin, Alfred Russel Wallace, Patrick Matthew{{Cite web |last=Burdett |first=Carolyn |date=2014-05-15 |title=Darwin and the theory of evolution |url=https://www.bl.uk/romantics-and-victorians/articles/darwin-and-the-theory-of-evolution |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=British Library}}{{Cite journal |last=Weale |first=Michael E. |date=August 2015 |title=Patrick Matthew's law of natural selection: Matthew's Law of Natural Selection |url=https://academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1111/bij.12524 |journal=Biological Journal of the Linnean Society |language=en |volume=115 |issue=4 |pages=785–791 |doi=10.1111/bij.12524 |doi-access=free}}
  • 1877–1892 Bone Wars: Edward Drinker Cope, Othniel Charles Marsh.
  • 1882–1889: Koch–Pasteur rivalry: Louis Pasteur, Robert Koch.
  • 1899–1902 discovery of the life cycle of malarial parasite: Giovanni Battista Grassi, Ronald Ross{{Cite journal |last=Chaudhury |first=Abhijit |date=2021 |title=The forgotten malariologist: Giovanni Battista Grassi (1854–1925) |journal=Tropical Parasitology |language=en |volume=11 |issue=1 |pages=16–18 |doi=10.4103/tp.tp_21_21 |issn=2229-5070 |pmc=8213122 |pmid=34195055 |doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal |last=Cox |first=Francis EG |date=2010-02-01 |title=History of the discovery of the malaria parasites and their vectors |journal=Parasites & Vectors |volume=3 |issue=1 |pages=5 |doi=10.1186/1756-3305-3-5 |issn=1756-3305 |pmc=2825508 |pmid=20205846 |doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal |last=Capanna |first=Ernesto |date=March 2006 |title=Grassi versus Ross: who solved the riddle of malaria? |url=https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1139-67092006000100010&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en |journal=International Microbiology |volume=9 |issue=1 |pages=69–74 |issn=1139-6709 |pmid=16636993}}
  • 1953–1962 discovery of the DNA structure: Francis Crick, James D. Watson, Rosalind Franklin, Erwin Chargaff, Oswald Avery{{Cite journal |last1=Forsdyke |first1=Donald R. |last2=Mortimer |first2=James R. |date=May 2000 |title=Chargaff's Legacy |url=https://www.queensu.ca/academia/forsdyke/bioinfo2.htm |journal=Gene |volume=261 |issue=1 |pages=127–137 |doi=10.1016/s0378-1119(00)00472-8 |pmid=11164044 |access-date=2023-10-19}}{{Cite journal |last1=Lamm |first1=Ehud |last2=Harman |first2=Oren |last3=Veigl |first3=Sophie Juliane |date=2020-06-01 |title=Before Watson and Crick in 1953 Came Friedrich Miescher in 1869 |journal=Genetics |language=en |volume=215 |issue=2 |pages=291–296 |doi=10.1534/genetics.120.303195 |issn=1943-2631 |pmc=7268995 |pmid=32487691}}{{Cite journal |last=Beckett |first=Chris |date=2004-04-01 |title=For the Record: The Francis Crick Archive at the Wellcome Library |journal=Medical History |language=en |volume=48 |issue=2 |pages=245–260 |doi=10.1017/S0025727300007419 |issn=2048-8343 |pmc=546341 |pmid=15151106}}
  • 1971–1973 discovery of opiate receptors: Candace Pert, Solomon H. Snyder{{Cite book |last=Cozzens |first=Susan E. |title=Social control and multiple discovery science: the opiate receptor case |date=1989 |publisher=State Univ. of New York Pr |isbn=978-0-88706-935-2 |series=Suny series in science, technology and society |location=Albany, N.Y}}1971–1975 invention of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): Paul Lauterbur, Peter Mansfield, Raymond Vahan Damadian, and others{{Cite journal |last=Prasad |first=Amit |date=2007 |title=The (Amorphous) Anatomy of an Invention: The Case of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/25474534 |journal=Social Studies of Science |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=533–560 |doi=10.1177/0306312706075334 |issn=0306-3127 |jstor=25474534 |pmid=18175616 |s2cid=24784055}} (see 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)
  • 1983 discovery of HIV: Robert Gallo, Luc Montagnier{{Cite journal |last=Rawling |first=Alison |date=1994 |title=The AIDS Virus Dispute: Awarding Priority for the Discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/690029 |journal=Science, Technology, & Human Values |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=342–360 |doi=10.1177/016224399401900305 |issn=0162-2439 |jstor=690029 |s2cid=144769393}}{{Cite web |last=Rawling |first=Alison |date=1990-09-22 |title=Forum: Montagnier, Gallo or both? - On who the scientific community believes discovered HIV |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg12717355-200-forum-montagnier-gallo-or-both-on-who-the-scientific-community-believes-discovered-hiv/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=New Scientist |language=en-US}}{{Cite journal |last=Rawling |first=Alison |date=July 1994 |title=The AIDS Virus Dispute: Awarding Priority for the Discovery of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV |url=http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/016224399401900305 |journal=Science, Technology, & Human Values |language=en |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=342–360 |doi=10.1177/016224399401900305 |issn=0162-2439 |s2cid=144769393}}{{Cite web |last=Markel |first=Howard |date=2020-03-24 |title=How the discovery of HIV led to a transatlantic research war |url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/how-the-discovery-of-hiv-led-to-a-transatlantic-research-war |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=PBS NewsHour |language=en-us}}{{Cite web |last=Bazell |first=Robert |date=2008-10-06 |title=Dispute behind Nobel Prize for HIV research |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna27049812 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201029235057/https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna27049812 |archive-date=October 29, 2020 |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=NBC News |language=en}} (see 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine)

Chemistry

Mathematics

  • 1550–1557 discovery of solutions to cubic equations: Niccolò Tartaglia, Gerolamo Cardano{{Cite web |last=Richeson |first=David S. |date=2022-06-30 |title=The Sordid Past of the Cubic Formula |url=https://www.quantamagazine.org/the-scandalous-history-of-the-cubic-formula-20220630/ |access-date=2023-10-11 |website=Quanta Magazine}}
  • 1669–1704 discovery of l'Hôpital's rule: Guillaume de l'Hôpital, Johann Bernoulli.{{Cite book |last=Grattan-Guinness |first=Ivor |url=https://www.google.fr/books/edition/From_the_Calculus_to_Set_Theory_1630_191/oej5DwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=bernoulli+l'hopital+priority&pg=PA52&printsec=frontcover |title=From the Calculus to Set Theory 1630-1910: An Introductory History |date=2020-10-06 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-21966-0 |language=en}}
  • 1699–1716 Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy: Isaac Newton, Gottfried Leibniz
  • 1949 proof of the prime number theorem: Atle Selberg and/or Paul Erdős[https://www.ms.uky.edu/~sohum/ma330/files/manuscripts/erdosselberg.pdf Joel Spencer, Ronald Graham, The Elementary Proof of the Prime Number Theorem, THE MATHEMATICAL INTELLIGENCER]{{Cite journal |last=Rekvenyi |first=Kamilla |date=2019-05-04 |title=Paul Erdős's mathematics as a social activity |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/26375451.2019.1593036 |journal=British Journal for the History of Mathematics |language=en |volume=34 |issue=2 |pages=134–142 |doi=10.1080/26375451.2019.1593036 |issn=2637-5451}}
  • 2002–2003 proof of the Poincaré conjecture: Grigori Perelman or Shing-Tung Yauhttps://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2006/08/28/manifold-destiny

Physics

{{cite journal |last=Gell-Mann |first=M. |author-link=Murray Gell-Mann |date=15 March 1961 |title=The Eightfold Way: A theory of strong interaction symmetry |url=https://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/4008239 |department=Synchrotron Laboratory |journal=Office of Scientific and Technical Information Technical Report |location=Pasadena, CA |publisher=California Institute of Technology |doi=10.2172/4008239 |id=TID-12608; CTSL-20}}

{{cite journal

|last=Ne'eman |first=Y. |author-link=Yuval Ne'eman

|date=August 1961

|title=Derivation of strong interactions from a gauge invariance

|journal=Nuclear Physics

|publisher=North-Holland Publishing Co.

|location=Amsterdam

|doi=10.1016/0029-5582(61)90134-1

|volume=26 |issue=2 |pages=222–229

|bibcode=1961NucPh..26..222N

}}

Technology

  • 1671–1673 invention of the watch balance spring: Robert Hooke, Christiaan Huygens.A. R. Hall, "Horology and criticism: Robert Hooke", Studia Copernicana, XVI, Ossolineum, 1978, 261–81.{{Cite book |author=Gould, Rupert T. |title=The Marine Chronometer. Its History and Development |publisher=J. D. Potter |year=1923 |isbn=0-907462-05-7 |location=London |pages=158–171}}
  • 1876 Elisha Gray and Alexander Bell telephone controversy: Johann Philipp Reis, Antonio Meucci, Alexander Graham Bell, Elisha Gray.
  • 1878 invention of the incandescent light bulb: Thomas Edison, Joseph Swan.{{Cite magazine |last=Ganapati |first=Priya |date=2009-12-18 |title=Dec. 18, 1878: Let There Be Light — Electric Light |language=en-US |magazine=Wired |url=https://www.wired.com/2009/12/1218joseph-swan-electric-bulb/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |issn=1059-1028}}{{Cite journal |last=Spear |first=Brian |date=2013-03-01 |title=Let there be light! Sir Joseph Swan and the incandescent light bulb |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0172219012001603 |journal=World Patent Information |volume=35 |issue=1 |pages=38–41 |doi=10.1016/j.wpi.2012.10.001 |issn=0172-2190}}
  • Claims to the first powered flight: Shivkar Bapuji Talpade in the Marutsakhā (1895),{{Cite web |last=Ganesan |first=Rajita |date=2015-01-15 |title=The aviator? |url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/beyond-business/the-aviator-115010901145_1.html |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=Business Standard}}{{Cite magazine |last=Deb |first=Siddhartha |date=2015-05-14 |title=Those Mythological Men and Their Sacred, Supersonic Flying Temples |url=https://newrepublic.com/article/121792/those-mythological-men-and-their-sacred-supersonic-flying-temples |access-date=2023-10-19 |magazine=The New Republic}} Clément Ader in the Avion III (1897),{{Cite book |last=Wragg |first=David W. |title=Flight Before Flying |publisher=Frederick Fell Publishers, Inc. |year=1974}} Gustave Whitehead in his No's. 21 and 22 aeroplanes (1901–1903),Weissenborn, G.K.; "Did Whitehead fly?", Air Enthusiast 35, Pilot Press (1988), Pages 19-21 and 74-75.{{Cite web |last=Schlenoff |first=Daniel C. |title=Scientific American Debunks Claim Gustave Whitehead Was "First in Flight" |url=https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/scientific-american-debunks-claim-gustave-whitehead-was-first-in-flight/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=Scientific American |language=en}}{{Cite web |last1=Magazine |first1=Smithsonian |last2=Crouch |first2=Tom |title=Yes, the Wright Brothers Really Were the First to Fly |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/air-space-magazine/who-flew-first-290750/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}} Richard Pearse in his monoplane (1903–1904),[http://www.nzedge.com/richard-pearse/ "Richard Pearse First Flyer"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141017134253/http://www.nzedge.com/richard-pearse/|date=2014-10-17}} NZEdge.com. Retrieved Oct. 13, 2014[https://web.archive.org/web/20100522002120/http://www.motat.org.nz/collections/FACT%20SHEETS/RichardPearseFactsheet.pdf "Fact Sheet Richard Pearse"] Museum of Transport and Technology (MOTAT). Retrieved Oct. 13, 2014 Samuel Pierpont Langley's Aerodrome A (1903), Karl Jatho in Jatho biplane (1903),{{cite web |title=Karl Jatho |url=http://www.flyingmachines.org/jatho.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090630100959/http://www.flyingmachines.org/jatho.html |archive-date=June 30, 2009 |access-date=November 22, 2021 |website=FlyingMachines.org |publisher=Carroll Gray}}{{cite web |title=Pigs Might Fly: The Gliders & Hoppers |url=http://earlyaviationpioneers.com/pmf2%20pioneers.htm |access-date=October 16, 2014 |website=Early Aviation Pioneers}}{{cite web |title=First powered flight in the history of aviation |url=http://www.karl-jatho.com/html/we_were_the_first.html |access-date=October 16, 2014 |website=The Karl-Jatho-Project}} The Wright brothers in the Wright Flyer (1903), Alberto Santos-Dumont in the 14 Bis (1906){{citation |title=Primeiro avião do mundo |date=20 July 2012 |journal=Rank Brasil |page=0 |url=http://www.rankbrasil.com.br/Recordes/Materias/06xV/Primeiro_Aviao_Do_Mundo}}{{Cite web |last=Chavanne |first=Bettina H. |date=November 2006 |title=In the Museum |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/air-space-magazine/in-the-museum-13297330/ |access-date=2023-10-19 |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}
  • c. 1880–1890 War of the currents: Thomas Edison, George Westinghouse
  • 1896–1906 invention of radio: Oliver Lodge, Jagadish Chandra Bose, Reginald Fessenden, Guglielmo Marconi, Roberto Landell de Moura, Alexander Popov, Nikola Tesla{{cite book |title=Modern Engineering Practice |publisher=American School of Correspondence |year=1903 |volume=VII |page=10 |chapter=Wireless Telegraphy |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iFEwAAAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA58}}Geddes (1920) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=coo1.ark:/13960/t5h99p806&view=1up&seq=202 "The Response of Plants to Wireless Stimulation" (chapter 13)], pp. 172–80Fessenden, Reginald (1908) [https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015068171985&view=1up&seq=585 "Wireless Telephony"], Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (volume 27, part 1), June 29, 1908, pp. 553–630Bondyopadhyay, Prebir K. (1995) "[https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/4137304/?tp=&arnumber=4137304 Guglielmo Marconi – The father of long distance radio communication – An engineer's tribute"], 25th European Microwave Conference: Volume 2, pp. 879–85[https://web.archive.org/web/20170210224604/http://www.landelldemoura.com.br/letters01.htm United States Patent Office Correspondence] (1901-1902) (landelldemoura.com.br)){{Cite journal |last=Borisova |first=Nina |date=2019 |title=Отечественные разногласия о приоритете А.С. Попова в изобретении радио |url=https://human.spbstu.ru/en/article/2019.36.09/ |journal=Terra Linguistica |volume=36 |issue=2 |pages=98–111 |language=ru |doi=10.18721/JHSS.10209}}Tesla, N., & Anderson, L. I. (1998). Nikola Tesla: Guided Weapons & Computer Technology. Tesla presents series, pt. 3. Breckenridge, Colo: Twenty-First Century Books.Tesla, N., & Anderson, L. I. (2002). [http://www.tfcbooks.com/mall/more/314ntac.htm Nikola Tesla on his work with alternating currents and their application to wireless telegraphy, telephony, and transmission of power: an extended interview]. Tesla presents series, pt. 1. Breckenridge, Colo: Twenty-First Century Books.
  • 1927–1939 Invention of electronic television: Philo T. Farnsworth, Vladimir Zworykin{{Cite magazine |last=Postman |first=Neil |date=1999-03-29 |title=Electrical Engineer PHILO FARNSWORTH |language=en-US |magazine=Time |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,990620-2,00.html |access-date=2023-10-19 |issn=0040-781X}}

Notes

{{reflist|group=Note|refs=

Claims that Talpade was the first aviator to fly a powered aeroplane have been pushed by Indian nationalists since the early 2000s. In actuality, the aircraft attributed to Talpade was unmanned. Unmanned aircraft had been flown successfully prior to Talpade's birth.

Various publications have debunked claims that Whitehead was the first to fly a powered aeroplane, with some even questioning the claims that Whitehead had flown one at all.

Historians and researchers generally accept the Wright Brothers as being the first to achieve sustained and controlled flight.

}}

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Scientific priority disputes}}

Category:History of science

Category:Science-related lists

Category:Discovery and invention controversies