List of Hungarian Nobel laureates
{{Short description|none}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Cleanup rewrite|date=June 2024}}
{{More citations needed|date=June 2024}}
{{Original research|date=June 2024}}
{{Unreliable sources|date=June 2024}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
The Nobel Prizes are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." In 1968, a sixth prize, the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, was established.
Hungarians have won 15 Nobel Prizes since 1905. Eight were born in Budapest. Following is a complete list of the Nobel laureates of Hungary, as recognised by the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.{{cite web |url=http://mta.hu/articles/hungarys_nobel_prize_winners__25577 |title=Hungary's Nobel Prize Winners |website=Hungarian Academy of Sciences |accessdate=17 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006113721/http://mta.hu/articles/hungarys_nobel_prize_winners__25577 |archivedate=6 October 2015}}{{cite web |url=https://mta.hu/english/hungarys-nobel-prize-winners-106018 |title=Hungary's Nobel Prize Winners |website=Hungarian Academy of Sciences |date=17 February 2016 |access-date=20 October 2022 |archive-date=1 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221101085127/https://mta.hu/english/hungarys-nobel-prize-winners-106018 |url-status=live }}
Laureates
Hungarians have received Nobel Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Economics – in all fields except Peace.
| class="wikitable"
! Year !! Image !! Laureate !! Field !! Contribution |
| 1905
| 75px | Physics | for his work on cathode rays |
| 1914
| 75px | Physiology or Medicine | for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus |
| 1925
| 75px | Chemistry | for his demonstration of the heterogeneous nature of colloid solutions and for the methods he used, which have since become fundamental in modern colloid chemistry |
| 1937
| 75px | Physiology or Medicine | for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to Vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid |
| 1943
| 75px | Chemistry | for his work on the use of isotopes as tracers in the study of chemical processes |
| 1961
| 75px | Physiology or Medicine | for his discoveries of the physical mechanism of stimulation within the cochlea |
| 1963
| 75px | Physics | for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles |
| 1971
| 75px | Physics | for his invention and development of the holographic method |
| 1986
| 75px | Chemistry | for his contributions concerning the dynamics of chemical elementary processes |
| 1994
| 75px | Chemistry | for his contribution to carbocation chemistry |
| 1994
| 75px | Economics | for pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games |
| 2002
| 75px | Literature | for writing that upholds the fragile experience of the individual against the barbaric arbitrariness of history |
| 2004
| 75px | Avram Hershko | Chemistry | |
| 2023
| 75px | Physiology or Medicine | for their discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19{{cite press release |date=2 October 2023 |title=The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2023 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/press-medicineprize2023-3.pdf |url-status=live |type=Press release |publisher=Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003020418/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/press-medicineprize2023-3.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2023 |access-date=3 October 2023}} |
| 2023
| 75px | Physics | for experimental methods that generate attosecond pulses of light for the study of electron dynamics in matter{{cite press release |date=3 October 2023 |title=The Nobel Prize in Physics 2023 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/press-physicsprize2023.pdf |url-status=live |type=Press release |publisher=Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231003121552/https://www.nobelprize.org/uploads/2023/10/press-physicsprize2023.pdf |archive-date=3 October 2023 |access-date=3 October 2023}} |
= Also sometimes included =
- 1976, Physiology or Medicine: Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, who was born in the United States to parents from the Kingdom of Hungary; his mother was Hungarian and his father Slovak.{{cite web |last=Földesi |first=Katalin |date=11 December 2018 |title=Magyar Nobel-díjasok – III. rész |trans-title=Hungarian Nobel laureates – part III |url=https://tudomanyplaza.hu/magyar-nobel-dijasok-iii-resz/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019221134/https://tudomanyplaza.hu/magyar-nobel-dijasok-iii-resz/ |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=20 October 2022 |website=Tudománypláza |language=hu}}{{cite web |date=7 October 2021 |title=Hány magyar Nobel-díjasunk van? |trans-title=How many Hungarian Nobel laureates do we have? |url=https://24.hu/tudomany/2021/10/07/magyar-nobel-dij-tudos/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018154420/https://24.hu/tudomany/2021/10/07/magyar-nobel-dij-tudos/ |archive-date=18 October 2022 |access-date=18 October 2022 |website=24.hu |language=hu}}{{cite web |title=Magyar Nobel-díjasok |trans-title=Hungarian Nobel laureates |url=https://www.edu-sci.org/nemzeti-tudoskepzo-akademia/nobel-dij/magyar-nobel-dijasok/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221018172652/https://www.edu-sci.org/nemzeti-tudoskepzo-akademia/nobel-dij/magyar-nobel-dijasok/ |archive-date=18 October 2022 |access-date=18 October 2022 |website=Nemzeti Tudósképző Akadémia |language=hu}}{{cite journal |last=Beck |first=Mihály |date=December 2001 |title=A magyar Nobel-díjasok |trans-title=The Hungarian Nobel laureates |url=https://epa.oszk.hu/00700/00775/00037/1444-1452.html |url-status=live |journal=Magyar Tudomány |language=hu |location=Budapest |publisher=Akaprint |volume=46 |issue=12 |pages=1444–1452 |issn=0025-0325 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019224335/https://epa.oszk.hu/00700/00775/00037/1444-1452.html |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=20 October 2022}}
- 1976, Economics: Milton Friedman, who was born in the United States to Hungarian parents from Beregszász, Bereg County, Kingdom of Hungary{{cite web |last=Beck |first=Mihály |title=A Nobel-díj és a magyar Nobel-díjasok |trans-title=The Nobel Prize and Hungarian Nobel laureates |url=https://www.bpxv.hu/r4wf434rf/uploads/2006/01/nobel.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019233206/https://www.bpxv.hu/r4wf434rf/uploads/2006/01/nobel.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2022 |access-date=20 October 2022 |website=Budapest Főváros XV. Kerület Rákospalota, Pestújhely, Újpalota Önkormányzata |language=hu}}
- 1986, Peace: Elie Wiesel, who was born to Hungarian parents in 1928 in Sighet, Transylvania (until 1920 part of Hungary)
Unsuccessful nominees
References
{{reflist}}
Sources
- {{cite book
| last = Binder
| first = David
| author-link = David Binder
| year = 2013
| title = Farewell, Illyria
| publisher = Central European University Press
| location = Budapest, Hungary
| isbn = 978-615-5225-74-1
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Tm2MCgAAQBAJ
}}
- {{cite book
| last = Hoare
| first = Marko Attila
| author-link = Marko Attila Hoare
| year = 2007
| title = The History of Bosnia: From the Middle Ages to the Present Day
| publisher = Saqi
| location = London, England
| isbn = 978-0-86356-953-1
}}
- {{cite book
| last = Lampe
| first = John R.
| author-link = John R. Lampe
| year = 2000
| orig-year = 1996
| edition = 2nd
| title = Yugoslavia as History: Twice There Was a Country
| publisher = Cambridge University Press
| location = Cambridge, England
| isbn = 978-0-521-77401-7
| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=AZ1x7gvwx_8C
}}
{{Nobel Prizes}}
Category:Hungarian Nobel laureates