List of Japanese typographic symbols#Other special marks
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{{Japanese writing}}
This article lists Japanese typographic symbols that are not included in kana or kanji groupings.
Repetition marks
{{main article|Iteration mark}}
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style="width:7%" | | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0208 | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0213 | style="width:11%" | Unicode | style="width:23%" | Name(s) | style="width:41%" | Usage | ||
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style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|々}}
| 2139 | 1-1-25 | 3005 | {{nihongo | ノマ|noma}} {{nihongo | クマ|kuma}} {{nihongo | 繰り返し|kurikaeshi}} {{nihongo | 同の字点|dō no jiten}}
| Kanji iteration mark. For example, {{nihongo2|様様}} could be written {{nihongo2|様々}}. From {{nihongo2|仝}} (below). |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|仝}}
| 2138 | 1-1-24 | 4EDD | {{nihongo | 同の字点|dō no jiten}}
| Kanji repetition mark | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|ヽ}}
| 2152 | 1-1-19 | 30FD
| rowspan="2" | {{nihongo | かたかながえし|katakanagaeshi}} {{nihongo | くりかえし|kurikaeshi}} | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|ヾ}}
| 2153 | 1-1-20 | 30FE
| Katakana iteration mark with a dakuten (voiced consonant) | |||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|ゝ}}
| 2154 | 1-1-21 | 309D
| rowspan="2" | {{nihongo | ひらがながえし|hiraganagaeshi}} {{nihongo | くりかえし|kurikaeshi}}
| Hiragana iteration mark. For example, {{nihongo2|はは}} (haha) could be written {{nihongo2|はゝ}}. | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|ゞ}}
| 2136 | 1-1-22 | 309E
| Hiragana iteration mark with a dakuten (voiced consonant). For example, {{nihongo2|はば}} (haba) could be written {{nihongo2|はゞ}}. | |||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〃}}
| 2137 | 1-1-23 | 3003 | {{nihongo | ノノ点|nonoten}}
| Ditto mark. The name originates from resemblance to two katakana no characters ({{nihongo2|ノノ}}). | |||
style="font-size: 2em; height: 3em;" | {{nihongo2|〱}}
| | 3031 | Kana vertical repetition mark | |||||
style="font-size: 2em; height: 3em;" | {{nihongo2|〲}}
| | 3032 | Kana vertical repetition mark with a dakuten | |||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〳 〵}} | | 1-2-19 (top), 1-2-21 (bottom) | 3033 (top), 3035 (bottom) | rowspan="2" | {{nihongo | くの字点|kunojiten}}
| Repetition mark used in vertical writing. It means repeat the previous two or more kana. | ||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〴 〵}} | | 1-2-20 (top), 1-2-21 (bottom) | 3034 (top), 3035 (bottom) | Kunojiten with a dakuten |
Brackets and quotation marks
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style="width:7%" | | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0208 | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0213 | style="width:11%" | Unicode | style="width:23%" | Name(s) | style="width:41%" | Usage |
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style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|「」}}
| 2156, | 1–1–54, 1-1-55 | 300C, 300D | {{nihongo3|"hook"|鉤|kagi}} (not to be confused with {{nihongo3|"key"|鍵|kagi}}) {{nihongo3|"hook brackets"|鉤括弧|kagikakko}} | Usual Japanese quotation marks | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|『』}}
| 2158, | 1–1–56, 1-1-57 | 300E, 300F | {{nihongo | 鉤|kagi}} {{nihongo3|"double hook brackets"|二重鉤括弧|nijūkagikakko}} | Japanese version of double quotes, often used when indicating titles | |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|()}}
| 2169, | 1–1–42, 1-1-43 | FF08, FF09 | {{nihongo3|"parentheses"|パーレン|pāren}} {{nihongo | 括弧|kakko}} {{nihongo3|"round brackets"|丸括弧|marugakko}} {{nihongo3|"small brackets"|小括弧|shōkakko}} | | |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〔〕}}
| 216C, | 1–1–44, 1-1-45 | 3014, 3015 | {{nihongo3|"tortoise shell"|亀甲|kikkō}}
| Used to insert comments into quoted text | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|[]}}
| 216D, | 1–1–46, 1-1-47 | FF3B, FF3D | {{nihongo | 括弧|kakko}} {{nihongo | 鉤括弧|kagikakko}}
| |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|{}}}
| 216F, | 1–1–48, 1-1-49 | FF5B, FF5D | {{nihongo3|"brace"|ブレース|brace}} {{nihongo3|"wave brackets"|波括弧|namikakko}} {{nihongo3|"middle brackets"|中括弧|chūkakko}} | | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|⦅⦆}}
| | FF5E, FF60 | {{nihongo3|"double parentheses"|二重パーレン|nijūpāren}} {{nihongo3|"double brackets"|二重括弧|nijūkakko}} | | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〈〉}}
| 2171, | 1–1–50, 1-1-51 | 3008, 3009 | {{nihongo | 括弧|kakko}} {{nihongo3|"hill brackets"|山括弧|yamagakko}} {{nihongo3|"guillemets"|ギュメ|gyume}} {{nihongo3|"hill-shaped [symbol]"|山がた|yamagata}} | The name gyume is phonetically guillemets | |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|《》}}
| 2173, | 1–1–52, 1-1-53 | 300A, 300B | {{nihongo | 括弧|kakko}} {{nihongo3|"double hill brackets"|二重山括弧|nijūyamagakko}} {{nihongo3|"double guillemets"|二重ギュメ|nijū-gyume}} {{nihongo3|"double hill-shaped [symbol]"|二重山がた|nijūyamagata}} | | |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|【】}}
| 2179, | 1–1–58, 1-1-59 | 3010, 3011 | {{nihongo | 括弧|kakko}} {{nihongo | 隅付き括弧|sumitsukikakko}}
| Used in headings, for example in dictionary definitions |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〖〗}}
| | 1–2–58, 1-2-59 | 3016, 3017 | | | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〘〙}}
| | 1–2–56, 1-2-57 | 3018, 3019 | | | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〚〛}}
| | 301A, 301B | | |
Phonetic marks
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style="width:7%" | | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0208 | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0213 | style="width:11%" | Unicode | style="width:23%" | Name(s) | style="width:41%" | Usage | ||
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style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|っ}}
| 2443 | 1-4-35 | 3063
| rowspan="2" | {{nihongo3|"double consonant"|促音|sokuon}} | rowspan="2" | Doubles the sound of the next consonant. For example, "{{nihongo2|かた}}" {{IPA|/kata/}} becomes "{{nihongo2|かった}}" {{IPA|/katta/}}, and "{{nihongo2|ショク}}" {{IPA|/shoku/}} becomes "{{nihongo2|ショック}}" {{IPA|/shokku/}} | |||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|ッ}}
| | 1-5-35 | 30C4 | |||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|ー}}
| 213C | 1-1-28 | 30FC | {{nihongo3|"long sound symbol"|長音符|chōonpu}} {{nihongo | 音引き|onbiki}} {{nihongo | 棒引き|bōbiki}} {{nihongo3|"bar line"|棒線|bōsen}} | Indicates a lengthened vowel sound. Often used with katakana. The direction of writing depends on the direction of text. | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|゛}}
| 212B | 1-1-11 | 309B (standalone), 3099 (combining) | {{nihongo3|"voiced point"|濁点|dakuten}} {{nihongo3|"voiced"|濁り|nigori}} {{nihongo3|"dots"|点々|ten-ten}} | Used with both hiragana and katakana to indicate a voiced sound. For example, {{nihongo | た|ta}} becomes {{nihongo | だ|da}}, {{nihongo | し|shi}} becomes {{nihongo | じ|ji}}. |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|゜}}
| 212C | 1-1-12 | 309C (standalone), 309A (combining) | {{nihongo3|"half-voice point"|半濁点|handakuten}} {{nihongo3|"half-voiced"|半濁|handaku}} {{nihongo3|"circle"|丸|maru}} | Used with hiragana and katakana to indicate a change from a hahifuheho sound to a papipupepo sound. |
Punctuation marks
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style="width:7%" | | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0208 | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0213 | style="width:11%" | Unicode | style="width:23%" | Name(s) | style="width:41%" | Usage | |
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style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|。}}
| 2123 | {{nowrap|1-1-3}} | 3002 | {{nihongo3|"sentence point", "period"|句点|kuten}} {{nihongo3|"circle", "small ball"|丸|maru}} | Marks the end of a sentence. Japanese equivalent of full stop or period. | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|、}}
| 2122 | {{nowrap|1-1-4}} | 3001 | {{nihongo3|"reading point"|読点|tōten}}
| Japanese equivalent of a comma | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|・}}
| 2126 | {{nowrap|1-1-6}} | 30FB | {{nihongo3|"middle black"|中黒|nakaguro}} {{nihongo | ぽつ|potsu}} {{nihongo3|"middle point"|中点|nakaten}} | Used to separate foreign words and items in lists. For example, if {{nihongo krt|"BillGates"|ビルゲイツ}} is written instead of {{nihongo krt|"Bill Gates"|ビル・ゲイツ}}, a Japanese speaker unfamiliar with the name might have difficulty working out where the boundary between the given name and surname lies. Also used in some dictionaries to separate furigana and okurigana when noting kanji readings. For example, the reading for {{lang|ja|上}} in the term {{nihongo krt|"to ascend"|上がる|a-garu}} may be given as {{lang|ja|あ・がる}}, indicating that it is read as {{nihongo krt | あ|a}} when followed by the suffix {{nihongo krt | がる |
garu}}. This symbol is known as an interpunct in English. | ||||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|゠ =}} | | 30A0, FF1D | {{nihongo3|"double hyphen"|ダブルハイフン|daburu haifun}}
| Sometimes replaces an English en dash or hyphen when writing foreign words in katakana. It is also rarely used to separate given and family names, though the middle dot (nakaguro) is much more common in these cases. See also double hyphen. |
Other special marks
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style="width:7%" | | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0208 | style="width:9%" | JIS X 0213 | style="width:11%" | Unicode | style="width:23%" | Name(s) | style="width:41%" | Usage | |
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style="font-size: 2em;" | {{anchor|〆}}{{nihongo2|〆}}
| 213A | 1-1-26 | 3006 | {{nihongo | しめ|shime}}
| This character is used to write {{nihongo2|締め}} shime in {{nihongo2|締め切り/締切}} shimekiri ("deadline") (as {{nihongo2|〆切}}) and similar things. It is also used, less commonly, for other shime namely {{nihongo2|閉め}}, {{nihongo2|絞め}} and {{nihongo2|占め}}. A variant {{nihongo2|乄}} is used as well, to indicate that a letter is closed, as abbreviation of {{nihongo2|閉め}}. The character originated as a cursive form of {{nihongo2|ト}}, the top component of {{nihongo2|占}} (as in {{nihongo2|占める}} shimeru), and was then applied to other kanji of the same pronunciation. See ryakuji for similar abbreviations. This character is also commonly used in regards to sushi. In this context, it refers that the sushi is pickled, and it is still pronounced shime.{{cite web|url=https://cookpad.com/us/recipes/140639-standard-shime-saba-pickled-mackerel|title=Standard Shime Saba (Pickled Mackerel) Recipe by cookpad.japan|website=Cookpad|date=2 October 2015 }}{{cite web|url=https://wadoku.eu/?query=%E3%81%97%E3%82%81%E3%81%95%E3%81%B0|title=WaDokuJT Japanisch-Deutsches Wörterbuch|website=wadoku.eu}}{{failed verification|date=August 2016}} | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〜}}
| 2141 | 1-1-33 | 301C | {{nihongo | にょろ|nyoro}} {{nihongo | ないし|naishi}} {{nihongo3|"wave"|波|nami}} {{nihongo | から|kara}}
| Used in "to from" constructions in Japanese, such as {{nihongo2|月〜金曜日}} "from Monday to Friday". In horizontal writing and on computers, the fullwidth tilde {{nihongo2|~}} (FF5E) is often used instead. |
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|…}}
| 2144 | 1-1-36 | 2026 | {{nihongo3|"dot line"|点線|tensen}} {{nihongo3|"three-dot leader"|三点リーダ|santen leader}} | A line of dots corresponding to one half of a Japanese ellipsis also used as an ellipsis informally | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|‥}}
| 2145 | 1-1-37 | 2025 | {{nihongo3|"dot line"|点線|tensen}} {{nihongo3|"two-dot leader"|二点リーダ|niten leader}} | {{clarify|date=August 2020 |reason=This is "rarely used", but what is its meaning when used? |text=Rarely used }} | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|• ◦ ﹅ ﹆}} | | {{nowrap|1-3-32,}} {{nowrap|1-3-31}} - - | 2022, 25E6, FE45, FE46 | {{nihongo3|"side dot"|傍点|bōten}} {{nihongo3|"side dot"|脇点|wakiten}} {{nihongo3|"sesame dot"|黒ゴマ|kurogoma}} {{nihongo3|"white sesame dot"|白ゴマ|shirogoma}} | Adding these dots to the sides of characters (right side in vertical writing, above in horizontal writing) emphasizes the character in question. It is the Japanese equivalent of the use of italics for emphasis in English. | |||
id="※"
| style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|※}} | 2228 | 1-2-8 | 203B | {{nihongo3|"rice"|米|kome}} {{nihongo3|"rice symbol"|米印|komejirushi}} | This symbol is used in notes ({{nihongo2|註}}, chū) as a reference mark, similar to an asterisk | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|*}}
| 2196 | 1-1-86 | FF0A | {{nihongo3|"star symbol"|星印|hoshijirushi}} {{nihongo3|"asterisk"|アステリスク|asterisk}} | This symbol is used in notes ({{nihongo2|註}}, chū) | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〽}}
| | 1-3-28 | 303D | {{nihongo | 庵点|ioriten}}
| This mark is used to show the start of a singer's part in a song | ||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|〓}}
| 222E | 1-2-14 | 3013 | {{nihongo3|"geta symbol"|ゲタ記号|geta kigō}}
| Used as a proofreader's mark indicating unavailability of a glyph, such as when a character cannot be displayed on a computer. The name comes from geta, a type of Japanese sandal. | |||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2|♪ ♫ ♬ ♩}} | 2276 | {{nowrap|1-2-86,}} {{nowrap|1-2-91,}} {{nowrap|1-2-92,}} {{nowrap|1-2-93}} | 266A, | {{nihongo3|"musical note"|音符|onpu}}
| Often used as an emoticon in informal text to indicate a singsong tone of voice or a playful attitude | ||||
style="font-size: 2em;" | {{nihongo2| 〇}}
| | 3007 | {{nihongo3|"circle"|まる|maru}}
| Two circles (marumaru) are often used as a placeholder (either because a number of other words or numbers could be used in that position, or because of censorship) |
Organization-specific symbols
See also
- Japanese map symbols
- Japanese punctuation
- Emoji, which originated in Japanese mobile phone culture
References
[https://emoticonshub.com/japanese-symbols.html Japanese Symbols] Retrieved 18 December 2022.
{{reflist}}