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List of Pala emperors

{{Short description|none}}

{{Infobox former monarchy

| border = imperial

| royal_title = Emperor of Pala Empire

{{small|Gaudeswar}}

| realm = {{small|Pala Empire}}

| coatofarms = {{box|type=transparent|padding=0px|300px}}

| coatofarmscaption = Imperial seal
(845–860 CE)

| first_monarch = Gopala I

| last_monarch = Govindapala

| style = His Imperial Majesty

| residence ={{plainlist|

}}

| appointer = Hereditary

| began = 750 CE ({{age|750}} years ago)

| ended = 1161 CE ({{age|1161}} years ago)

}}

The Pala dynasty ({{langx|sa|पाल राजवंश}} IAST: {{IAST|Pāla rājavaṅśa)}} was a Medieval Indian Buddhist Dynasty{{Cite book |last=Keay |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/indiahistory00keay/mode/1up?q=%22Indian+dynasty%22 |title=India : a history |date=2000 |publisher=New York : Atlantic Monthly Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-87113-800-2 |pages=193}}{{Cite book |last=Art |first=University of Iowa Museum of |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nm_sAAAAMAAJ |title=Pala Art: Buddhist and Hindu Sculpture from Eastern India, Ca. 800-1200 A. D. |date=1969 |publisher=The Museum |pages=9 |language=en}} founded by Gopala I that ruled the Pala Empire of Bengal which lasted from 750 CE to 1161 CE. The Pala Emperors assumed the title Gaudeswar which is known from their inscriptions.{{Cite book |last=Majumdar |first=Ramesh Chandra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YvggAAAAMAAJ |title=Readings in Political History of India, Ancient, Mediaeval, and Modern |date=1976 |publisher=B.R. Publishing Corporation |pages=177 |language=en}}

List of Pala Emperors

Earlier historians like R.D. Banerji, B.C. Sen, R.C. Majumdar, Atul Roy, Niharranjan Roy, D.C. Sicar and others were unaware about the existence of some Pala Emperors because inscriptions of those kings were undiscovered. G. Laha (2017) has reconstructed the chronology and genealogy of the Pala Emperors based on latest inscriptional discoveries and comparative studies of the predecessors:

class="wikitable sortable"

! width="150" | Titular Name

! width="250" | Titles

! width="250" | Reign{{Cite journal |last=Laha |first=Gopal |date=2017 |title=Revised Genealogy, Chronology & Regnal Years of the Kings of the Pala Dynasty in the Light of the Latest Discoveries, Decipherment and Presentation (750-1200 A.d) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26906092 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=78 |pages=253–259 |jstor=26906092 |issn=2249-1937}}

! width="100" | Regnal year

style="text-align:center;"|Gopala I

| style="text-align:center;|Maharajadhiraja{{Cite book |last=Sinha |first=Bindeshwari Prasad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=V3KDaZY85wYC&dq=%22Paramabhattaraka%22+%22dharmapala%22&pg=PA183 |title=Dynastic History of Magadha, Cir. 450-1200 A.D. |date=1977 |publisher=Abhinav Publications |pages=183 |language=en |quote=While Gopala was Mahārājādhirāja, Dharmapala was the first Pāla king who assumed full imperial titles-Mahārājādhi-rāja, Parameśvara, Paramabhattāraka.}}

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 750–768 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|18

style="text-align:center;"|Dharmapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Sriman
Paramesvara
Paramabhattaraka
Maharajadhiraja{{Cite book |last=Others |first=Muzaffar H. Syed & |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Sy5gEAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Paramabhattaraka%22+%22dharmapala%22&pg=PA285 |title=History of Indian Nation : Ancient India |date=2022-02-20 |publisher=K.K. Publications |pages=285 |language=en |quote=The new imperial status attained by Bengal is reflected in the records of Dharmapala. He assumed full imperial titles Paramesvara, Paramabhattaraka, Maharajadhiraja.}}

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 768–800 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|32

style="text-align:center;"|Devapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Sriman{{Cite journal |last=Tandon |first=Pankaj |date=2006 |title=A Gold Coin of the Pāla king Dharmapāla |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42666418 |journal=The Numismatic Chronicle (1966-) |volume=166 |pages=333 |jstor=42666418 |issn=0078-2696}}
Paramasaugata
Paramesvara
Paramabhattaraka
Maharajadhiraja

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 800–839 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|39

style="text-align:center;"|Mahendrapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Paramasaugata
Paramesvara
Paramabhattaraka
Maharajadhiraja{{Cite journal |last=Pramanik |first=Sufal Chandra |date=2000 |title=Excavation at Jagjivanpur Malda, West Bengal |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/44144439 |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=61 |pages=1268 |jstor=44144439 |issn=2249-1937 |quote=He is described as meditating on the feet of his father Devapala. Both the father and son have the same epithets. viz. Paramasaugata, Paramesvara, Paramabhattaraka and Maharajadhiraja.}}

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 839–854 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|15

style="text-align:center;"|Shurapala I

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 854–866 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|12

style="text-align:center;"|Gopala II

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 866–870 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|4

style="text-align:center;"|Vigrahapala I

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 870–871 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|1

style="text-align:center;"|Narayanapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 871–925 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|54

style="text-align:center;"|Rajyapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 925–962 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|37

style="text-align:center;"|Gopala III

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 962–973 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|11

style="text-align:center;"|Vigrahapala II

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 973–978 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|5

style="text-align:center;"|Mahipala I

| style="text-align:center;"|Sriman
Paramasaugata
Paramesvara
Paramabhattaraka
Maharajadhiraja
Pravardhamana{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Nagendra Kr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M4MkAQAAIAAJ |title=International encyclopaedia of Buddhism. 41. Japan |date=1997 |publisher=Anmol Publ. |isbn=978-81-7488-156-4 |pages=1377 |language=en}}

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 978–1026 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|48

style="text-align:center;"|Nayapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1026–1041 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|15

style="text-align:center;"|Vigrahapala III

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1041–1067 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|26

style="text-align:center;"|Mahipala II

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1067–1068 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|1

style="text-align:center;"|Shurapala II

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1068–1069 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|1

style="text-align:center;"|Ramapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1069–1122 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|53

style="text-align:center;"|Kumarapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1122–1124 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|2

style="text-align:center;"|Gopala IV

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1124–1139 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|15

style="text-align:center;"|Madanapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1139–1161 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|22

style="text-align:center;"|Govindapala

| style="text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="text-align:center;"|c. 1161–1165 CE

| style="text-align:center;"|4

style="background-color:#DAF2CE; text-align:center;"|Palapala
(Disputed king)

| style="background-color:#DAF2CE; text-align:center;"|Gaudeswar

| style="background-color:#DAF2CE; text-align:center;"|c. 1165–1200 CE

| style="background-color:#DAF2CE; text-align:center;"|35

Family tree

{{Chart top|width=100%|collapsed=yes|Pala dynasty}}

{{Tree chart/start|align=center|style=font-size:90%}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Gopala I
(1)
r. {{circa}} 8th Century|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | |A02 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Dharmapala
(2)
r. {{circa}} 8th–9th
Century|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Vakapala}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | |A02 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Devapala
(3)
r. {{circa}} 9th Century|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Jayapala}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | |A02 | |A03 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Mahendrapala
(4)
r. {{circa}} 839–854|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Shurapala I
(5)
r. {{circa}} 854–866|boxstyle_A02=border-color:#FFD700|

A03=Vigrahapala I
(7)
r. {{circa}} 870–871|boxstyle_A03=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | |A02 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Gopala II
(6)
r. {{circa}} 866–870|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Narayanapala
(8)
r. {{circa}} 871–925|boxstyle_A02=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Rajyapala
(9)
r. {{circa}} 925–962|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Gopala III
(10)
r. {{circa}} 962–973|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Vigrahapala II
(11)
r. {{circa}} 973–978|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Mahipala
(12)
r. {{circa}} 978–1026|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Nayapala
(13)
r. {{circa}} 1026–1041|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Vigrahapala III
(14)
r. {{circa}} 1041–1067|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|(| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | |A02 | |A03 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Mahipala II
(15)
r. {{circa}} 1067-1068|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Shurapala II
(16)
r. {{circa}} 1068–1069|boxstyle_A02=border-color:#FFD700|

A03=Ramapala
(17)
r. {{circa}} 1069–1122|boxstyle_A03=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|(| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | |A02 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Kumarapala
(18)
r. {{circa}} 1122–1124|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Madanapala
(20)
r. {{circa}} 1139–1161|boxstyle_A02=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}

{{Tree chart|border=1| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |A01 | |A02 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |

A01=Gopala IV
(19)
r. {{circa}} 1124-1139|boxstyle_A01=border-color:#FFD700|

A02=Govindapala
(21)
r. {{circa}} 1161-1165|boxstyle_A02=border-color:#FFD700}}

{{Tree chart/end}}

{{Chart bottom}}

References

{{reflist}}

Category:People from the Pala Empire

Pala