List of Prussian monarchs
{{Short description|none}}
{{redirect|King of Prussia|the town in Pennsylvania|King of Prussia, Pennsylvania|the mall in the town of the same name|King of Prussia (shopping mall)|other uses}}
{{Infobox monarchy
| royal_title = Monarchy
| realm = Prussia
| native_name = König von Preußen
| coatofarms = Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Prussia 1873-1918.svg
| coatofarmscaption = Royal Coat of arms
| type = other
| his/her = His
| image = File:Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany - 1902.jpg
| caption = Last ruler
Wilhelm II
| first_monarch = Albert {{small|(as Duke)}}
| last_monarch = Wilhelm II
| formation = 10 April 1525
| abolition = 9 November 1918
| residence = Königsberg Castle
Stadtschloss, Berlin {{small|(last)}}
| appointer = Hereditary
| pretender = Georg Friedrich
| website =
}}
The monarchs of Prussia were members of the House of Hohenzollern who were the hereditary rulers of the former German state of Prussia from its founding in 1525 as the Duchy of Prussia. The Duchy had evolved out of the Teutonic Order, a Roman Catholic crusader state and theocracy located along the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea. The Teutonic Knights were under the leadership of a Grand Master, the last of whom, Albert, converted to Protestantism and secularized the lands, which then became the Duchy of Prussia.
The Duchy was initially a vassal of the Kingdom of Poland, as a result of the terms of the Prussian Homage whereby Albert was granted the Duchy as part of the terms of peace following the Prussian War. When the main line of Prussian Hohenzollerns died out in 1618, the Duchy passed to a different branch of the family, who also reigned as Electors of Brandenburg in the Holy Roman Empire. While still nominally two different territories, Prussia under the suzerainty of Poland and Brandenburg under the suzerainty of the Holy Roman Empire, the two states are known together historiographically as Brandenburg-Prussia.
Following the third Northern War, a series of treaties freed the Duchy of Prussia from vassalage to any other state, making it a fully sovereign Duchy in its own right. This complex situation (where the Hohenzollern ruler of the independent Duchy of Prussia was also a subject of the Holy Roman Emperor as Elector of Brandenburg) laid the eventual groundwork for the establishment of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1701. For diplomatic reasons, the rulers of Prussia called themselves King in Prussia from 1701 to 1772. They still nominally owed fealty to the Emperor as Electors of Brandenburg, so the "King in Prussia" title (as opposed to "King of Prussia") avoided offending the Emperor. Additionally, calling themselves "King of Prussia" implied sovereignty over the entire Prussian region, parts of which were still part of Poland.
As the Prussian state grew through several wars and diplomatic moves throughout the 18th century, it became apparent that Prussia had become a Great Power in its own right. By 1772, the pretense was dropped, and the style "King of Prussia" was adopted. The Prussian kings continued to use the title "Elector of Brandenburg" until the end of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, reflecting the legal fiction that their domains within the empire were still under the ultimate overlordship of the Emperor. Legally, the Hohenzollerns ruled Brandenburg in personal union with their Prussian kingdom, but in practice they treated their domains as a single unit. The Hohenzollerns gained de jure sovereignty over Brandenburg when the empire dissolved in 1806, and Brandenburg was formally merged into Prussia.
In 1871, in the aftermath of the Franco-Prussian War, the German Empire was formed, and the King of Prussia, Wilhelm I was crowned German Emperor. From that point forward, though the Kingdom of Prussia retained its status as a constituent state of the empire (by far the largest and most powerful), all subsequent Kings of Prussia also served as German Emperor, and that title took precedence.
Duchy of Prussia (1525–1701)
{{main|Duchy of Prussia}}
{{Succession table monarch
| name1 = Albert
| nickname1 =
| native1 =
| life1 = {{Birth date|1490|5|17|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1568|3|20|1490|5|17|df=y}}
| reignstart1 = 10 April 1525
| reignend1 = 20 March 1568
| notes1 =Grand Master of Teutonic Knights, granted the title of Duke of Prussia
| family1 = Hohenzollern
| image1 = Lucas Cranach d.Ä. - Bildnis des Markgrafen Albrecht von Brandenburg-Ansbach (Herzog Anton Ulrich-Museum).jpg
| alt1 = Albert, Duke of Prussia
| name2 = Albert Frederick
| nickname2 =
| native2 =
| life2 = {{Birth date|1553|5|7|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1618|8|27|1553|5|7|df=y}}
| reignstart2 = 20 March 1568
| reignend2 = 27 August 1618
| notes2 = Son of Albert
| family2 = Hohenzollern
| image2 = Portrait of Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia.jpg
| alt2 = Albert Frederick, Duke of Prussia
| name3 = John Sigismund
| nickname3 =
| native3 =
| life3 = {{Birth date|1572|11|8|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1619|12|23|1572|11|8|df=y}}
| reignstart3 = 27 August 1618
| reignend3 = 23 December 1619
| notes3 = Son in law and second cousin thrice removed of Albert Frederick, also Elector of Brandenburg
| family3 = Hohenzollern
| image3 = Johann Sigismund Grunewald.jpg
| alt3 = John Sigismund, Duke of Prussia
| name4 = George William
| nickname4 =
| native4 =
| life4 = {{Birth date|1595|11|13|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1640|12|1|1595|11|13|df=y}}
| reignstart4 = 23 December 1619
| reignend4 = 1 December 1640
| notes4 = Son of John Sigismund, also Elector of Brandenburg
| family4 = Hohenzollern
| image4 = GeorgWilhelm.1635.Ausschnitt.JPG
| alt4 = George William, Duke of Prussia
| name5 = Frederick William
| nickname5 = the Great Elector
| native5 =
| life5 = {{Birth date|1620|2|16|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1688|4|29|1620|2|16|df=y}}
| reignstart5 = 1 December 1640
| reignend5 = 29 April 1688
| notes5 = Son of George William, also Elector of Brandenburg
| family5 = Hohenzollern
| image5 = Frans Luycx 011.jpg
| alt5 = Frederick William, Duke of Prussia
| name6 = Frederick I
| nickname6 =
| native6 =
| life6 = {{Birth date|1657|7|11|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1713|2|25|1657|7|11|df=y}}
| reignstart6 = 29 April 1688
| reignend6 = 18 January 1701
| notes6 = Son of Frederick William, also Elector of Brandenburg
| family6 = Hohenzollern
| image6 = Frederick I of Prussia (cropped).jpg
| alt6 = Frederick I, Duke of Prussia
}}
Kingdom of Prussia (1701–1918)
{{Main|Kingdom of Prussia}}
{{Succession table monarch
| name1 = Frederick I
| nickname1 = the Mercenary KingSpencer, Charles, Blenheim, Chapter 22: Vindication, p.316
| native1 =
| life1 = {{Birth date|1657|7|11|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1713|2|25|1657|7|11|df=y}}
| reignstart1 = 18 January 1701
| reignend1 = 25 February 1713
| notes1 = Son of Frederick William, also Elector of Brandenburg
| family1 = Hohenzollern
| image1 = Portrait of H.M. King Friedrich I of Prussia.jpg
| alt1 = Frederick I of Prussia
| name2 = Frederick William I
| nickname2 = the Soldier King
| native2 =
| life2 = {{Birth date|1688|08|14|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1740|05|31|1688|08|14|df=y}}
| reignstart2 = 25 February 1713
| reignend2 = 31 May 1740
| notes2 = Son of Frederick I
| family2 = Hohenzollern
| image2 = Antoine pesne friedrich wil.jpg
| alt2 = Frederick William I of Prussia
| name3 = Frederick II
| nickname3 = the Great
| native3 =
| life3 = {{Birth date|1712|1|24|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1786|8|17|1712|1|24|df=y}}
| reignstart3 = 31 May 1740
| reignend3 = 17 August 1786
| notes3 = Son of Frederick William I
| family3 = Hohenzollern
| image3 = Friedrich ii campenhausen.jpg
| alt3 = Frederick II of Prussia
| name4 = Frederick William II
| nickname4 =
| native4 =
| life4 = {{Birth date|1744|9|25|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1797|11|16|1744|9|25|df=y}}
| reignstart4 = 17 August 1786
| reignend4 = 16 November 1797
| notes4 = Nephew of Frederick II, grandson of Frederick William I
| family4 = Hohenzollern
| image4 = Anton Graff - Frederick William II of Prussia.png
| alt4 = Frederick William II of Prussia
| name5 = Frederick William III
| nickname5 =
| native5 =
| life5 = {{Birth date|1770|8|3|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1840|6|7|1770|7|3|df=y}}
| reignstart5 = 16 November 1797
| reignend5 = 7 June 1840
| notes5 = Son of Frederick William II
| family5 = Hohenzollern
| image5 = King Frederick William III of Prussia.jpg
| alt5 = Frederick William III of Prussia
| name6 = Frederick William IV
| nickname6 =
| native6 =
| reignstart 6 8 september 1816
| name 7 = Viktor I of Prussia
| life6 = {{Birth date|1795|10|15|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1861|1|2|1795|10|15|df=y}}
| reignstart6 = 7 June 1840
| reignend6 = 2 January 1861
| notes6 = Son of Frederick William III; also President of the Erfurt Union (1849–1850)
| family6 = Hohenzollern
| image6 = Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia (1847).jpg
| alt6 = Frederick William IV of Prussia
| name7 = William I
| nickname7 =
| native7 =
| life7 = {{Birth date|1797|3|22|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1888|3|9|1797|3|22|df=y}}
| reignstart7 = 2 January 1861
| reignend7 = 9 March 1888
| notes7 = Brother of Frederick William IV, son of Frederick William III; also President of the North German Confederation (1867–1871) and German Emperor (from 1871)
| family7 = Hohenzollern
| image7 = Kaiser Wilhelm I. .JPG
| alt7 = Wilhelm I of Prussia
| name8 = Frederick III
| nickname8 =
| native8 =
| life8 = {{Birth date|1831|10|18|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1888|6|15|1831|10|18|df=y}}
| reignstart8 = 9 March 1888
| reignend8 = 15 June 1888
| notes8 = Son of Wilhelm I; also German Emperor; only Prussian monarch to rule for less than one year
| family8 = Hohenzollern
| image8 = Emperor Friedrich III.png
| alt8 = Frederick III of Prussia
| name9 = William II
| nickname9 =
| native9 =
| life9 = {{Birth date|1859|1|27|df=y}} – {{Death date and age|1941|6|4|1859|1|27|df=y}}
| reignstart9 = 15 June 1888
| reignend9 = 9 November 1918
(abdicated)
Statement of Abdication of William II (28 November 1918)
| notes9 = Son of Frederick III; also German Emperor; also last King of Prussia and last German Emperor
| family9 = Hohenzollern
| image9 = Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany - 1902.jpg
| alt9 = William II of Prussia
}}
Timeline
{{#tag:timeline|
ImageSize = width:1000 height:auto barincrement:12
PlotArea = top:10 bottom:50 right:130 left:20
AlignBars = late
DateFormat=yyyy
Period = from:1525 till:1918
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:20 start:1525
Colors =
id:king value:red legend: Kings
id:duke value:blue legend: Dukes
id:regent value:green legend: Regents
Legend = left:1500 top:245 columnwidth:10000000
TextData =
pos:(20,27) textcolor:red fontsize:M
text:"Monarchs"
BarData =
barset:SM
PlotData=
width:5 align:left fontsize:S shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
barset:SM
from: 1525 till: 1568 color:duke text:"Albert" fontsize:10
from: 1568 till: 1618 color:duke text:"Albert Frederick" fontsize:10
from: 1618 till: 1619 color:duke text:"John Sigismund" fontsize:10
from: 1619 till: 1640 color:duke text:"George William" fontsize:10
from: 1640 till: 1688 color:duke text:"Frederick William" fontsize:10
from: 1688 till: 1713 color:regent text:"Frederick I" fontsize:10
from: 1713 till: 1740 color:king text:"Frederick William I" fontsize:10
from: 1740 till: 1786 color:king text:"Frederick II" fontsize:10
from: 1786 till: 1797 color:king text:"Frederick William II" fontsize:10
from: 1797 till: 1840 color:king text:"Frederick William III" fontsize:10
from: 1840 till: 1861 color:king text:"Frederick William IV" fontsize:10
from: 1861 till: 1888 color:king text:"William I" fontsize:10
from: 1888 till: 1888 color:king text:"Frederick III" fontsize:10
from: 1888 till: 1918 color:king text:"William II" fontsize:10
}}
Pretenders to the Prussian throne since 1918
- William II (9 November 1918 – 4 June 1941)
- Frederick William (4 June 1941 – 20 July 1951)
- Louis Ferdinand (20 July 1951 – 26 September 1994)
- George Frederick (26 September 1994 – present)
Family tree
{{tree chart/start}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |FIB| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FIB=Frederick I, Elector of Brandenburg}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |AAB| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | AAB=Albrecht III Achilles, Elector of Brandenburg}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|^|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | |JCB| | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | JCB=John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | |JNB| | | | | FRE |y| SOP | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | JNB=Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg | FRE=Frederick I
of Ansbach
and Bayreuth
1460–1536 | SOP=Sophia
Jagiellon
1464–1512}}
{{tree chart| | | | |,|-|-|-|-|-|*|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | ALB |y| ANM |JHB| SOP |y| FRE | | CAS |y| SUS | | | HED |y| GEO |y| EMI | ALB=Albert
1490-1525-1568 | ANM=Anna Marie
of Brunswick-
Lüneburg
1532–1568 | JHB=Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg | SOP=Sophie of
Brandenburg-
Ansbach-
Kulmbach
1485–1537 | FRE=Frederick II
of Legnica
1480–1547 | GEO=George of
Brandenburg-
Ansbach
1484–1543 | EMI=Emilie
of Saxony
1516–1591 | CAS=Casimir of
Brandenburg-
Bayreuth
1481–1527 | SUS=Susanna
of Bavaria
1502–1543 | HED=Hedwig of
Münsterberg
and Oleśnica
1508–1531
|boxstyle_ ALB=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | |,|-|v|-|'| | | | |`|.| | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|'| | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | |!| ALF |y| MAE | | JGE |y| SOP | | MAR |y| FRE | | WIL | | ANN | | GEF | ALF=Albert
Frederick
1553-1568-1618 | SOP=Sophie
of Legnica
1525–1546 | JHB=Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg| JGE=John George
of Brandenburg
1525-1598 | GEF=George Frederick
regent
1539-1577-1603 | MAE=Marie Eleonore
of Cleves
1550–1608 | MAR=Marie of
Brandenburg-
Kulmbach
1519–1567 | FRE=Frederick III,
Elector
Palatine
1515–1576 | ANN=Anna Maria of
Brandenburg-
Ansbach
1526–1589 | WIL=William I
of Nassau-
Dillenburg
1487–1559
|boxstyle_ ALF=background-color: #aaa;
|boxstyle_ GEF=background-color: #ddd;}}
{{tree chart| | |!| | | |)|-|.| |,|-|v|-|'| | | | | |,|-|'| |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{tree chart| | ANA | | |!| ELE |t| JOF |y| CAT | | LOU | | WIL | | ELI | | SAB | | JOH | CAT=Catherine of
Brandenburg-
Küstrin
1549–1602 | JOF=Joachim
Frederick of
Brandenbrug
regent
1546-1605-1608 | ELE=Eleanor
of Prussia
1583–1607 | LOU=Louis VI,
Elector
Palatine
1539–1583 | WIL=William I
of the
Netherlands
1533–1584 | ELI=Elisabeth
of Nassau-
Dillenburg
1542–1603 | SAB=Sabine of
Württemberg
1549–1581 | JOH=John VI
of Nassau-
Dillenburg
1536–1606 | ANA=Anna Sophia
of Prussia
1527–1591
|boxstyle_ JOF=background-color: #ddd;}}
{{tree chart| | |`|-|-|-|*|-|-|-|*|-|-|-|*|-|-|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{tree chart|S|P|v|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|'|,|-|-|'|,|-|-|-|-|(| | | |)|-|.| |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart|Q| MAG | | ANN |~|y| JOS | | ANM | | | FRE |y| LUJ |!| JOA | | |!| | | JOH | | JOV | ANN=Anna
of Prussia
1576–1625 | JOS=John Sigismund
1572-1618-1619
regent
1611–1618 | FRE=Frederick IV,
Elector
Palatine
1574–1610 | LUJ=Louise Juliana
of Nassau
1576–1644 | JOA=John Albert I
of Solms-
Braunfels | MAG=Magdalene of
Brandenburg
1582–1616 | ANM=Anna Maria of
the Palatinate
1561–1589 | JOH=John VII
of Nassau-
Siegen
1561–1623 | JOV=John VII of
Mecklenburg
1558–1592
|boxstyle_ JOS=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart|Q| |`|-|.| | | | |!| | |,|-|-|'|,|-|-|-|v|-|'| |,|-|'| |!| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart|Q| | | ANE | | | GEW |~|t|~|y| ELZ | | FRE | | FRH |y| AMA | | MAU |y| JUL | | |!| | GEW=George
William
1595-1619-1640 | ELI=Elizabeth
Charlotte
of the Palatinate
1597–1660 | ELZ=Elizabeth
Charlotte
of the Palatinate
1597–1660| FRH=Frederick
Henry of
Orange
1584–1617 | AMA=Amalia
of Solms-
Braunfels
1602–1675 | FRE=Frederick V
Elector
Palatine
1596–1632 | ANE=Anne Eleonore
of Hesse-
Darmstadt
1601–1659 | GED=George of
Brunswick-
Calenburg
1582–1641 | JUL=Juliane
of Nassau-
Siegen
1587–1643 | MAU=Maurice of
Hesse-Kassel
1572–1632
|boxstyle_ GEW=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart|Q| |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|*|-|t|-|-|-|-|-|'| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart|Q| GEW | | ERN |y| SOP |!| FRW |~|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|~| LOH | | | | | | |!| | | | | JAL | FRW=Frederick
William
1620-1640-1688 | SUS=Susanna
of Bavaria
1502–1543 | ERN=Ernest
Augustus
of Hanover
1629–1698 | SOP=Sophia of the
Palatinate
1630–1714 | LOH=Louise
Henriette
of Orange
1627–1667 | GEW=George William
of Saxe-
Lauenburg
1624–1705 | JAL=John Albert of
Mecklenburg
1590–1636
|boxstyle_ FRW=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart|Q| |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| |`|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart|Q| SOD |y| GEO | | SOC |~|~|~|y|~|~|~| FR1 | | CAT |y| JOC | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | SOC=Sophia
Charlotte
of Hanover
1688–1705 | FR1=Frederick I
1657-1688-1713 | GEO=George I
of Great
Britain
1660–1727 | SOD=Sophia
Dorothea
of Celle
1666–1726 | CAT=Catherine
of Sweden
1584–1638 | JOC=John Casimir
of Kleeburg
1589–1652
|boxstyle_ FR1=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart|Y|P|T| |`|-|v|-|-|-|-|.| | | |!| | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | CAR |y| GEO | | | SDH |y| FW1 | | | | LOU | | | ELE |~|~|y|~|~| FRE | | | | ELS |GEO=George II of
Great Britain
1683–1760 | CAR=Caroline
of Ansbach
1683–1737 | SDH=Sophia
Dorothea
of Hanover
1687–1757 | FW1=Frederick
William I
1688–1713-1740 | ELE=Eleonora
Catherine of
Zweibrücken
1626–1692 | FRE=Frederick
of Hesse-
Eschwege
1617–1655 | ELS=Elisabeth
Sophie of
Mecklenburg
1613–1676 | LOU=Louis IX
of Hesse-
Darmstadt
1719–1790
|boxstyle_ FW1=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | |,|-|'| | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|-|-|-|.| |!| | | | | | | |,|-|'| |}}
{{tree chart| | FRE |y| AUG | | | | | |!| CHL |y| ELA |!| | | | | | |!| CHR |~|~|y|~|~| FEA | FRE=Frederick,
Prince of Wales
1707–1751 | AUG=Augusta of
Saxe-Gotha
1719–1772 | CHR=Christine
of Hesse-
Eschwege
1648–1702 | FEA=Ferdinand
Albert I of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1636–1687 | CHL=Charles Louis
Frederick of
Mecklenburg
1708–1752 | ELA=Elisabeth
Albertine
of Saxe-
Hildburghausen
1713–1761}}
{{tree chart| | | | |)|-|.| | | |,|-|-|t|-|-|-|^|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|-|.| |`|-|-|-|-|-|t|-|v|-|-|-|.| |}}
{{tree chart| | | | |!| GEO |y| CMS | |!| | | | |,|-|-|'| | | | CHA | | ANT |y| FER |!| | | AMA | ANT=Antoinette of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1696–1762 | FER=Ferdinand
Albert II of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1680–1735 | GEO=George III of
the United
Kingdom
1738–1820 | CMS=Charlotte of
Mecklenburg-
Strelitz
1744–1818 | CHA=Charles II of
Mecklenburg-
Strelitz
1741–1816 | AMA=Amalie
of Hesse-
Darmstadt
1754–1832}}
{{tree chart| | | | |!| | | |!| |,|-|-|t|-|-|v|-|t|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|t|-|-|-|-|-|(| | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | | | |!| | | |!| |!| |,|^|-|-|t|-|*|-|v|-|-|-|t|-|*|-|.| | | |!| | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | |,|-|^|-|-|-|t|.|!| AGW |y| LUI |!| FRG |~| ELS |!| PHI |y| CHA | | LOU | | CAR | FRG=Frederick II
the Great
1712-1740-1786 | ELS=Elisabeth
Christine
of Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1715–1797 | LUI=Luise of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1722–1780 | AGW=Augustus
William of
Prussia
1722–1758 | PHI=Philippine
Charlotte
of Prussia
1716–1801 | CHA=Charles I of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1713–1780 | MAX=Maximilian I
Joseph of
Bavaria
1756–1825 | CAR=Caroline
of Baden
1776–1841 | LOU=Louise
of Hesse-
Darmstadt
1757–1830
|boxstyle_ FRG=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | |!| | | |,|-|(|`|t|-|-|.|`|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|.| | | |!| |,|-|(| | | | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | |!| | | WIV |!| SOP | |!| | | | FRL |y| FW2 |y|~|%| ELC |!| | | | | |!| | | |!| | FW2=Frederick
William II
1744-1786-1797 | FRL=Frederica
Louisa of
Hesse-
Darmstadt
1751–1805 | ELC=Elizabeth
Christine of
Brunswick-
Woldenbüttel
1746–1840 | WIV=William IV
of the United
Kingdom
1765–1837 | SOP=Sophie
Antoinette
of Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1724–1802
|boxstyle_ FW2=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | |!| | | |,|-|*|-|t|-|-|*|-|-|-|-|~|-|t|-|-|-|*|-|t|-|-|-|'| | | | | |!| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | AUG |y| CWF |!| FRA | |`|-|-|-|-|.| FW3 |y|~|t| LOU | | | | | | | | CHF | | |!| | FW3=Frederick
William III
1770-1797-1840 | LOU=Louise of
Mecklenburg-
Strelitz
1776–1810 | AUG=Augusta
of Great
Britain
1737–1813 | CWF=Charles
William of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1735–1806 | CHF=Charles
Frederick of
Saxe-Weimar-
Eisenach
1783–1853 | FRA=Francis of
Saxe-Coburg-
Saalfeld1750–1806
|boxstyle_ FW3=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | |,|-|t|-|-|-|+|-|t|-|.| | | |,|-|t|-|-|-|*|-|'| |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|'| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | |!| CAR |~| GEV |!| FDA |~| FRE |`|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|*|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | |!| CAR=Caroline of
Brunswick-
Wolfenbüttel
1768–1821 | GEV=George IV of
the United
Kingdom
1762–1830 | FDA=Frederick
of York and
Albany
1763–1827 | FRE=Frederica
Charlotte
of Prussia
1767–1820}}
{{tree chart| | |!| | | | | | | |`|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|*|-|-|-|.| | | | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | EDW |y| VIC |y| EMI | | ERN |y| LOU | | WI1 |y| AUG | | CAM | | FW4 |~|~|~| ELI | WI1=William I
the Great
1797-1861-1888 | FW4=Frederick
William IV
of Prussia
1795-1840-1861 | ELI=Elisabeth
Ludovika
of Bavaria
1801–1873 | AUG=Augusta
of Saxe-
Weimar-
Eisenach
1811–1890 | EDW=Edward
of Kent and
Strathearn
1767–1820 | VIC=Victoria of
Saxe-Coburg-
Saalfeld
1786–1861 | ERN=Ernerst I of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1784–1844 | LOU=Louise of
Saxe-Gotha-
Altenburg
1800–1831 | CAM=Caroline
Matilda
of Great
Britain
1751–1775 | EMI=Emich Carl
of Leiningen
1763–1814
|boxstyle_ FW4=background-color: #aaa;
|boxstyle_ WI1=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | | | |!| | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | VIC |~|~|%|~|y|~|~|~|~| ALB | | | | | | |!| | | | | LOU |y| FRC | | | | | | | VIC=Victoria of
the United
Kingdom
1819–1901 | ALB=Albert of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1819–1861 | FRC=Frederick
Christian II
of Schleswig-
Holstein
1765–1814 | LOU=Louise
Augusta
of Denmark
1771–1843}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | |!| |`|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|.|}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | FEO |y| ERN | | | | VPR |~|y|~| FR3 | | LOU |y| CHR | | | | | | | |!| | FR3=Frederick III
1831-1888-1888 | VPR=Victoria of
the United
Kingdom
1840–1901 | FEO=Feodora of
Leiningen
1807–1872 | ERN=Ernest I of
Hohenlohe-
Langenburg
1794–1860 | CHR=Christian
August II of
Augustenburg
1798–1869 | LOU=Louise
Sophie of
Danneskiold-
Samsøe
1796–1867
|boxstyle_ FR3=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | |,|-|-|-|-|t|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|'| | | | | | | | | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | ADE |~|y|~| FRE | | | |!| | | FRF |y| AUG | | ALE |y| MAR | | |!| | ADE=Adelheid of
Hohenlohe-
Langenburg
1835–1900 | FRE=Frederick VIII
of Schleswig-
Holstein
1829–1880 | FRF=Frederick
Francis II of
Mecklenburg-
Schwerin
1823–1883 | AUG=Augusta
Reuss of
Köstritz
1822–1862 | ALE=Alexander II
of Russia
1818-1855-1881 | MAR=Maria of
Hesse and
by Rhine
1824–1880}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |,|-|^|-|.| | | |!| |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | AUG |~|~|y|~|~| WI2 | | FRE | | MAR |y| VLA | | MAI |y| ALF | | WI2=William II
1859-1888-1918-1941
in pretence
1918–1941 | AUG=Augusta
Victoria of
Schleswig-
Holstein
1858–1921 | FRE=Frederick
Francis III of
Mecklenburg
Schwerin
1851–1897 | MAR=Marie of
Mecklenburg-
Schwerin
1854–1920 | VLA=Vladimir
Alexandrovich
of Russia
1847–1909 | MAI=Maria
Alexandrovna
of Russia
1853–1920 | ALF=Alfred of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1844–1900
|boxstyle_ WI2=background-color: #aaa;}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|'| | | | | |!| | | | | | | |!| | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | FW5 |y| CEC | | | | | | | | KIR |~|~|y|~|~| VIC | | | FW5=Wilhelm
in pretence
1882-1941-1951 | CEC=Cecilie of
Mecklenburg-
Schwerin
1886–1945 | KIR=Kirill
Vladimirovich
of Russia
1876–1938 | VIC=Victoria
Melita of
Saxe-Coburg
and Gotha
1876–1936
|boxstyle_ FW5=background-color: #ddd;}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | LOU |~|~|~|~|~|~|y|~|~|~|~|~|~| KIR | | LOU=Louis
Ferdinand
in pretence
1907-1951-1994 | KIR=Kira
Kirillovna
of Russia
1909–1967
|boxstyle_ LOU=background-color: #ddd;}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | DON |~|y|~| LOU | | | | | | | | | | DON=Donata
of Castell-
Rüdenhausen
1950–2015 | LOU=Louis
Ferdinand
of Prussia
1944–1977}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | | | | |}}
{{tree chart| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | GEO | | | | | | | | | | | GEO=Georg
Friedrich
in pretence
1976-1994-
|boxstyle_ GEO=background-color: #ddd;}}
{{tree chart/end}}
See also
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
- Constitution of Prussia (1850)
- Crown of Frederick I
- Crown of William II
- German Emperor
- History of Germany
- History of Prussia
- Hohenzollern Castle
- King in Prussia
- List of German monarchs
- List of rulers of Brandenburg
- List of Prussian consorts
- Lückentheorie
- Minister President of Prussia
- Neuchâtel Crisis
- Year of the Three Emperors
{{div col end}}
References
{{reflist}}
=Bibliography=
{{refbegin}}
- {{Citation | author-link=Isabel V. Hull |first=Isabel V. |last=Hull |title=The Entourage of Kaiser Wilhelm II, 1888–1918 |year=2004}}.
- {{Citation |author-link=Charles Francis Horne |first=Charles F. |last=Horne |title=Source Records of the Great War |isbn=978-1104855536 |publisher=Kessinger Publishing |year=2009 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WZTCQAAACAAJ |access-date=2016-03-23 |archive-date=2023-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125223203/https://books.google.com/books?id=WZTCQAAACAAJ |url-status=live }}
{{refend}}
External links
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20030727133244/http://www.preussen.de/en/heute.html House of Hohenzollern]
{{Monarchs of Prussia}}
{{Orders and decorations of the Kingdom of Prussia}}