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List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Antarctica

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{{Location map+ | Antarctica

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| caption = Fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Antarctica
10px Pliocene
10px Miocene
10px Paleogene
10px Late Cretaceous
10px Early Cretaceous
10px Late Jurassic
10px Early Jurassic
10px Triassic
10px Permian
10px Carboniferous
10px Devonian
10px Cambrian

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -82.2

| lon_deg = -160.3

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -84.7

| lon_deg = -176.2

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -82.7

| lon_deg = -42.9

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -83.8

| lon_deg = -55.8

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -82.0

| lon_deg = -41.3

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -71.6

| lon_deg = 155.3

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -79.5

| lon_deg = -85.0

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.0

| lon_deg = -59.0

| mark = Dark Green 004040 pog.svg

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -79.3

| lon_deg = -85.3

| mark = Gold pog.svg

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -84.8

| lon_deg = -115.0

| mark = Gold pog.svg

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -69.9

| lon_deg = -69.3

| mark = Lightgreen pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -72.0

| lon_deg = 163.4

| mark = Red pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -77.8

| lon_deg = 160.7

| mark = Red pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -70.8

| lon_deg = 68.3

| mark = Red pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -77.5

| lon_deg = -86.0

| mark = Red pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -84.8

| lon_deg = -113.8

| mark = Red pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -84.8

| lon_deg = 163.3

| mark = Red pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -84.0

| lon_deg = 165.0

| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -77.2

| lon_deg = 160.1

| mark = Pink ff0080 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -84.3

| lon_deg = 166.5

| mark = Blue pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -71.6

| lon_deg = 159.4

| mark = Blue pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -75.9

| lon_deg = -70.3

| mark = Blue pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -70.8

| lon_deg = -68.5

| mark = Cyan pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -64.5

| lon_deg = -59.0

| mark = Cyan pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.7

| lon_deg = -61.2

| mark = Cyan pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.6

| lon_deg = -61.1

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -70.8

| lon_deg = -68.5

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -63.9

| lon_deg = -58.3

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.6

| lon_deg = -61.0

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -72.0

| lon_deg = -68.5

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -64.1

| lon_deg = -58.4

| mark = Green pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.2

| lon_deg = -58.5

| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -64.3

| lon_deg = -57.3

| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -63.9

| lon_deg = -57.9

| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -64.3

| lon_deg = -56.9

| mark = SpringGreen pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -64.24

| lon_deg = -56.60

| mark = Orange pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.0

| lon_deg = -57.6

| mark = Yellow pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -85.1

| lon_deg = 166.7

| mark = Yellow pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -62.0

| lon_deg = -57.7

| mark = Yellow pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -68.6

| lon_deg = 78.1

| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

}}

{{Location map~ | Antarctica

| lat_deg = -68.6

| lon_deg = 78.0

| mark = Yellow ffff80 pog.svg

| marksize = 8

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}}

This is a list of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Antarctica.

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List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units

class="wikitable sortable"
SupergroupGroupFormationPeriodclass="unsortable"| Notes
Sorsdal Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|zanclean}};" | Zancleanalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Sorsdal&group_formation_member=Sorsdal Sorsdal Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Heidemann Valley Trench Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|pliocene}};" | Pliocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=157609 Heidemann Valley Trench Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Destruction Bay Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|aquitanian}};" | Early Miocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=181517 Destruction Bay Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Sirius GroupMeyer Desert Formation - biotastyle="background-color: {{period color|langhian}};" | Middle Miocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=137622 Meyer Desert Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Cape Melville Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|miocene}};" | Miocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Cape%20Melville&group_formation_member=Cape%20Melville Cape Melville Formation, Miocene] at Fossilworks.org
Polonez Cove Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|miocene}};" | Oligocene-Pliocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Polonez%20Cove&group_formation_member=Polonez%20Cove Polonez Cove Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Bay Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|chattian}};" | Chattianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=181516 Bay Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Fildes Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|eocene}};" | Eocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=34314 Fildes Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Cross Valley Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|thanetian}};" | Late Cretaceous-Late Paleocenealign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Cross%20Valley&group_formation_member=Cross%20Valley Cross Valley Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=2 | Seymour Island GroupLa Meseta Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|lutetian}};" | Ypresian-Priabonianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=La%20Meseta&group_formation_member=La%20Meseta La Meseta Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=2 | Lopez de Bertodano Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|danian}};" rowspan=2 | Maastrichtian-Danianalign=center rowspan=2 | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Seymour%20Island&group_formation_member=Lopez%20de%20Bertodano Lopez de Bertodano Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=4 | Marambio Group
Sobral Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|danian}};" | Santonian-Danianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Marambio&formation=Sobral&group_formation_member=Sobral Sobral Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Snow Hill Island Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|campanian}};" | Campanian-Maastrichtianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Marambio&formation=Snow%20Hill%20Island&group_formation_member=Snow%20Hill%20Island Snow Hill Island Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Santa Marta Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|santonian}};" | Santonian-Campanianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Marambio&formation=Santa%20Marta&group_formation_member=Santa%20Marta Santa Marta Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Zamek Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|maastrichtian}};" | Campanian-Maastrichtianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Zamek&group_formation_member=Zamek Zamek Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Half Three Point Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|campanian}};" | Campanian-Maastrichtianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Half%20Three%20Point&group_formation_member=Half%20Three%20Point Half Three Point Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=3 | Gustav GroupHidden Lake Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|santonian}};" | Coniacian-Santonianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Gustav&formation=Hidden%20Lake&group_formation_member=Hidden%20Lake Hidden Lake Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Whisky Bay Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|turonian}};" | Albian-Coniacianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Gustav&formation=Whisky%20Bay&group_formation_member=Whisky%20Bay Whisky Bay Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Kotick Point Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|aptian}};" | Aptian-Albianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Kotick%20Point&group_formation_member=Kotick%20Point Kotick Point Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=4 | Fossil Bluff GroupTriton Point Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|albian}};" | Late Albianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Fossil%20Bluff&formation=Triton%20Point&group_formation_member=Triton%20Point Triton Point Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Neptune Glacier Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|albian}};" | Late Albianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Fossil%20Bluff&formation=Neptune%20Glacier&group_formation_member=Neptune%20Glacier Neptune Glacier Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Pluto Glacier Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|albian}};" | Late Aptian-Albianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Pluto%20Glacier&group_formation_member=Pluto%20Glacier Pluto Glacier Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Himalia Ridge Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|berriasian}};" | Tithonian-Berriasianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Himalia%20Ridge&group_formation_member=Himalia%20Ridge Himalia Ridge Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Cerro Negro Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|aptian}};" | Aptianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Cerro%20Negro&group_formation_member=Cerro%20Negro Cerro Negro Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Lagrelius Point Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|aptian}};" | Early Aptianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Lagrelius%20Point&group_formation_member=Lagrelius%20Point Lagrelius Point Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Pedersen Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|aptian}};" | Early Aptianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Pedersen&group_formation_member=Pedersen Pedersen Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Spartan Glacier Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|hauterivian}};" | Valanginian-Aptianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Spartan%20Glacier&group_formation_member=Spartan%20Glacier Spartan Glacier Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=3 | Byers GroupChester Cone Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|valanginian}};" | Berriasian-Valanginianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Byers&formation=Chester%20Cone&group_formation_member=Chester%20Cone Chester Cone Formation] at Fossilworks.org
President Beaches Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|berriasian}};" | Berriasianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Byers&formation=President%20Beaches&group_formation_member=President%20Beaches President Beaches Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Devils Point Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|tithonian}};" | Tithonian-Berriasianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?geological_group=Byers&formation=Devils%20Point Devils Point Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Anchorage Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|tithonian}};" | Tithonian-Berriasianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Anchorage&group_formation_member=Anchorage Anchorage Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Ameghino Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|kimmeridgian}};" | Kimmeridgian-Berriasianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?formation=Ameghino&group_formation_member=Ameghino Ameghino Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Ablation Point Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|kimmeridgian}};" | Kimmeridgianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=2073 Ablation Point Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Latady GroupHauberg Mountains Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|callovian}};" | Callovian-Tithonianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?geological_group=Latady&formation=Hauberg%20Mountains Hauberg Mountains Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan="2" |Ellsworth Land Volcanic Group

|Mount Poster Formation

style="background-color: {{period color|toarcian}};" | Toarcianalign=center | {{Cite journal |last=HUNTER |first=M. A. |last2=RILEY |first2=T. R. |last3=CANTRILL |first3=D. J. |last4=FLOWERDEW |first4=M. J. |last5=MILLAR |first5=I. L. |date=2006-09-28 |title=A new stratigraphy for the Latady Basin, Antarctic Peninsula: Part 1, Ellsworth Land Volcanic Group |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756806002597 |journal=Geological Magazine |volume=143 |issue=6 |pages=777–796 |doi=10.1017/s0016756806002597 |issn=0016-7568|url-access=subscription }}

|

Sweeney Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|toarcian}};" | Toarcianalign=center |

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rowspan=2 | Botany Bay GroupMount Flora Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|bathonian}};" | Bathonianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Mount%20Flora&group_formation_member=Mount%20Flora Mount Flora Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Camp Hill Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|pliensbachian}};" | Early Jurassicalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?geological_group=Botany%20Bay&formation=Camp%20Hill Camp Hill Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Carapace Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|toarcian}};" | Toarcianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Carapace&group_formation_member=Carapace Carapace Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Selene Nunatak Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|toarcian}};" | Pliensbachian-Toarcianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=36788 Selene Nunatak Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Victoria GroupHanson Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|sinemurian}};" | Hettangian-Pliensbachianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=47135 Hanson Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Lashly Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|carnian}};" | Carnianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=107212 Lashly Formation] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=3 | Beacon SupergroupFremouw Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|ladinian}};" | Early-Late Triassicalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Fremouw&group_formation_member=Fremouw Fremouw Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Buckley Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|capitanian}};" | Capitanianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?geological_group=Beacon&formation=Buckley Buckley Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Takrouna Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|sakmarian}};" | Sakmarianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?geological_group=Beacon&formation=Takrouna Takrouna Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Mount Glossopteris Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|lopingian}};" | Lopingianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Mount%20Glossopteris&group_formation_member=Mount%20Glossopteris Mount Glossopteris Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Bainmedart Coal Measuresstyle="background-color: {{period color|wordian}};" | Wordianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=29359 Bainmedart Coal Measures] at Fossilworks.org
Polarstar Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|guadalupian}};" | Guadalupianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=29360 Polarstar Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Radock Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|kungurian}};" | Kungurianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=29366 Radock Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Weller Coal Measuresstyle="background-color: {{period color|artinskian}};" | Artinskianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=29358 Weller Coal Measures] at Fossilworks.org
rowspan=2 | LeMay GroupLully Foothills Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|sinemurian}};" | Sinemurianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=92930 Lully Foothills Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Mount King Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|carboniferous}};" | Serpukhovian-Bashkirianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?geological_group=LeMay&formation=Mount%20King Mount King Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Crashsite GroupMount Wyatt Earp Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|emsian}};" | Early Devonianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Crashite&formation=Mount%20Wyatt%20Earp&group_formation_member=Mount%20Wyatt%20Earp Mount Wyatt Earp Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Horlick Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|emsian}};" | Early Devonianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Horlick&group_formation_member=Horlick Horlick Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Minaret Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|cambrian stage 10}};" | Guzhangian-Cambrian Stage 10align=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Heritage&formation=Minaret&group_formation_member=Minaret Minaret Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Nelson Limestonestyle="background-color: {{period color|guzhangian}};" | Guzhangianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Nelson%20Limestone&group_formation_member=Nelson%20Limestone Nelson Limestone] at Fossilworks.org
Spurs Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|drumian}};" | Wuliuan-Drumianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=Mariner&formation=Spurs&group_formation_member=Spurs Spurs Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Taylor Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|wuliuan}};" | Wuliuanalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayCollResults?collection_no=7820 Taylor Formation] at Fossilworks.org
Schneider Hills Limestonestyle="background-color: {{period color|cambrian Stage 4}};" | Cambrian Stage 3-Stage 4align=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Schneider%20Hills%20Limestone&group_formation_member=Schneider%20Hills%20Limestone Schneider Hills Limestone] at Fossilworks.org
Cape Melville Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|cambrian stage 3}};" | Cambrian Stage 3align=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Cape%20Melville&group_formation_member=Cape%20Melville Cape Melville Formation, Cambrian] at Fossilworks.org
Byrd GroupShackleton Limestonestyle="background-color: {{period color|cambrian stage 3}};" | Cambrian Stage 3align=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Shackleton&group_formation_member=Shackleton Shackleton Limestone] at Fossilworks.org
Mount Spann Formationstyle="background-color: {{period color|cambrian stage 2}};" | Cambrian Stage 2-Guzhangianalign=center | [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/displayStrata?geological_group=&formation=Mount%20Spann&group_formation_member=Mount%20Spann Mount Spann Formation] at Fossilworks.org

See also

{{Portal|Geology|Paleontology}}

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References

{{reflist|20em}}

Further reading

  • G. Arratia, R. Scasso, and W. Kiessling. 2004. Late Jurassic fishes from Longing Gap, Antarctic Peninsula. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 24(1):41-55
  • A. C. Ashworth and G. Kuschel. 2003. Fossil weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from latitude 85 ˚S Antarctica. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 191:191-202
  • R. A. Askin. 1990. Cryptogam spores from the upper Campanian and Maastrichtian of Seymour Island, Antarctica. Micropaleontology (36)141-156
  • R. A. Askin. 1989. Endemism and heterochrony in the Late Cretaceous (Campanian) to Paleocene palynofloras of Seymour Island, Antarctica: implications for origins, dispersal and palaeoclimates of southern floras. Geological Society of America Special Paper (147)107-119
  • V. D. Barreda, S. Palamarczuk, and F. Medina. 1999. Palinología de la Formación Hidden Lake (Coniaciano-Santoniano), Isla James Ross, Antártida. Revista Española de Micropaleontología (31)53-72
  • M. A. Bitner and J. A. Crame. 2002. Brachiopods from the Lower Miocene of King George Island, West Antarctica. Polish Polar Research 23(1):75-84
  • J. Blaszyk. 1987. Ostracods from the Oligocene Polonez Cove Formation of King George Island, West Antarctica. Palaeontologia Polonica 49:63-81
  • M. A. Bradshaw and L. McCartan. 1991. Palaeoecology and systematics of Early Devonian bivalves from the Horlick Formation, Ohio Range, Antarctica. Alcheringa 15(1):1-42
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