Guzhangian
{{short description|Seventh stage of the Cambrian and third stage of the Miaolingian}}
{{Infobox geologic timespan
| name = Guzhangian
| color = Guzhangian
| time_start = 500.5
| time_start_prefix = ~
| time_end = 497
| time_end_prefix = ~
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| timeline = Cambrian
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| name_formality = Formal
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| former_names = Cambrian Stage 7
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| celestial_body = earth
| usage = Global (ICS)
| timescales_used = ICS Time Scale
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| chrono_unit = Age
| strat_unit = Stage
| timespan_formality = Formal
| lower_boundary_def = FAD of the Trilobite Lejopyge laevigata
| lower_gssp_location = Luoyixi section, Luoyixi, Guzhang, Hunan, China
| lower_gssp_coords = {{Coord|28.7200|N|109.9647|E|display=inline}}
| lower_gssp_accept_date = 2008
| upper_boundary_def = FAD of the Trilobite Glyptagnostus reticulatus
| upper_gssp_location = Paibi section, Paibi, Hunan, China
| upper_gssp_coords = {{Coord|28.3895|N|109.5257|E|display=inline}}
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{{Coord|28.7200|N|109.9647|E|display=title}}
The Guzhangian is an uppermost stage of the Miaolingian Series of the Cambrian. It follows the Drumian Stage and precedes the Paibian Stage of the Furongian Series. The base is defined as the first appearance of the trilobite Lejopyge laevigata around {{Period start|Guzhangian}} million years ago.{{cite web|title=GSSP for Guzhangian Stage|url=https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/detail.php?periodid=148&top_parentid=0|access-date=2024-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124092043/https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/detail.php?periodid=148&top_parentid=0|archive-date=2023-01-24|url-status=live}} The Guzhangian-Paibian boundary is marked by the first appearance of the trilobite Glyptagnostus reticulatus around {{Period start|Paibian}} million years ago.
The name Guzhangian is derived from Guzhang County, Hunan Province, China.
GSSP
The GSSP is defined in the Huaqiao Formation in Hunan. The precise base of the Guzhangian is a limestone layer 121.3 m above the base Huaqiao Formation (花桥组) at the Louyixi section ({{Coord|28.7200|N|109.9647|E|display=inline}}), where Lejopyge laevigata has its first appearance.
Paleogeography
It is assumed that in the Guzhangian the distance between the Earth and the Moon was 370,180 ± 1220 km (today, for comparison, it is 384,000 km). The length of an earthly day at that time was about 21.58 hours.{{cite journal|author=Jichuang Fang, Fang Qiang, Shihong Zhang, Haiyan Li, Huaichun Wu, Meinan Shi, Tianshui Yang, Liwan Cao|year=2020|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345380687|title=Cyclostratigraphy of the global stratotype section and point (GSSP) of the basal Guzhangian Stage of the Cambrian Period|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume=540|issue=|page=109530|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109530|bibcode=2020PPP...54009530F }}
Major events
The species radiation occurred in the interval from the middle–late Drumian to middle Guzhangian. The extinction began in the middle of Guzhangian and lasted 3 million years until the middle of the Paibian age. As a result of this extinction, species diversity was reduced by 45%. Two phases of extinction can be traced in the sediments of South China: the first, with a slight decline in species, lasted about 1.8 million years; the second, with a sharper decline in richness, lasted 1.2 million years, more in the Paibian. After the extinction, species diversity returned to its previous level.{{cite journal|author=Yiying Deng, Junxuan Fan, Shengchao Yang, Yukun Shi, Zhengbo Lu, Huiqing Xu, Zongyuan Sun, Fangqi Zhao, Zhangshuai Hou|year=2023|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369096101|title=No Furongian Biodiversity Gap: Evidence from South China|journal=Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology|volume=618|issue=1|page=111492|doi=10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111492|bibcode=2023PPP...61811492D |lang=en}} From the Guzhangian to Jiangshanian, the oceans experienced a gradual depletion of oxygen, which affected bottom-dwelling inhabitants. This process and the SPICE event, associated with it, likely became the cause of the extinction.
References
{{Reflist}}
External links
- {{cite web|url=https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/image.php?periodid=148&top_parentid=77&imageid=389|title=Guzhangian Stage GSSP in the Luoyixi section, Hunan, China|website=timescalefoundation.org|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220526070831/https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/image.php?periodid=148&top_parentid=77&imageid=389|archive-date=2022-05-26|url-status=live}}
- {{cite web|title=GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era|url=https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/index.php?parentid=77|lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231008002417/https://timescalefoundation.org/gssp/index.php?parentid=77|archive-date=2023-10-08|url-status=live}}
- {{cite web|url=http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/ISCS_GSSPs.html|title=GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019|publisher=International Commission on Stratigraphy|lang=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230721165125/http://www.palaeontology.geo.uu.se/ISCS/ISCS_GSSPs.html|archive-date=2023-07-21|url-status=live}}
{{Geological history|p|p|state=collapsed}}
Category:Cambrian geochronology
Category:Geologic formations of China
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