List of metro systems in the Soviet Union

This is a list of metro systems which were built under the Soviet Union and kept on working in the post-Soviet states.

There were 13 metro systems in 7 of the 15 Soviet republics just before the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. A 14th metro system, the Dnipro Metro, started construction in 1982, but due to financial difficulties was not opened until 1995. Other than in Dnipro, the only metro systems built in the post-Soviet states after 1991 are Kazan Metro in Russia (2005) and Almaty Metro in Kazakhstan (2011). Additionally the Volgograd Metrotram, the Kryvyi Rih Metrotram and the Kyiv Pravoberezhna line{{cite web |title=Как в Киеве появилась первая в СССР линия скоростного трамвая. Исторические фото: Авто новини від AUTO-Consulting - трамва |url=https://www.autoconsulting.ua/article.php?sid=35059 |website=www.autoconsulting.ua |access-date=1 October 2024}} are three metrotram systems with elements of metro, opened in 1984, 1986 and 1978 respectively. The latter one –being the oldest– is regarded to be the archetype of the other two systems.{{cite web |title=Столичный скоростной трамвай начинает свою работу |url=https://potok.ua/main/19073-stolichnyj-skorostnoj-tramvaj-nachinaet-svoyu-rabotu.html |website=potok.ua |access-date=1 October 2024}}{{cite web |title=Швидкісний трамвай у Києві |url=https://oktv.ua/ua/turizm/dostoprimechatelnosti-kieva/skorostnoj-tramvaj |website=oktv.ua |access-date=1 October 2024}}

List

{{selfref-inline|This list is sortable. Click on the File:Sort both.gif icon in the column header to change sort key and sort order.}}

class="wikitable sortable"
style="text-align:left;" \| City ! style="text-align:left;" \| Republic ! style="text-align:left;" \| Name ! style="text-align:left;" \| Year opened ! style="text-align:left;" \| Year of last expansion ! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" \| Stations ! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" \| Lines ! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" \| System length ! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" \| Ridership (millions)
class="sort" \| Moscow \| {{flag\|Russian SFSR}} \| Moscow Metro{{cite web \|url=http://www.mosmetro.ru/ \|script-title=ru:Московский метрополитен \|publisher=Moskovsky Metropoliten \|language=Russian \|trans-title=Moscow Metro \|accessdate=2014-03-03}} \| 1935 \| 2023 \| style="text-align:left" \| 258{{cite web \|url=http://mosmetro.ru/about/ \|title=О метрополитене \|publisher=Moskovsky Metropoliten \|language=Russian \|trans-title=About the metro \|accessdate=2017-09-07 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129225504/http://www.mosmetro.ru/about/ \|archive-date=2017-11-29 \|url-status=dead }} \| 17 \| {{convert\|460.5\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 2378.3 (2016)
Leningrad (Now Saint Petersburg) \| {{flag\|Russian SFSR}} \| Leningrad Metro \| 1955 \| 2019 \| style="text-align:left" \| 71 \| 5 \| {{convert\|118.6\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 740.4 (2016)
Kiev \| {{flag\|Ukrainian SSR}} \| Kiev Metro \| 1960 \| 2013 \| style="text-align:left" \| 52content \| 3 \| {{convert\|67.6\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 484.6 (2016)[http://www.kyiv.ukrstat.gov.ua/p.php3?c=1322 Відправлення (перевезення) вантажів за видами транспорту] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv.ukrstat.gov.ua. Retrieved on 1 October 2015.
Tbilisi \| {{flag\|Georgian SSR}} \| Tbilisi Metro \| 1966{{cite web \|url=http://ttc.com.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=72&info_id=175 \|title=Tbilisi Transport Company \|publisher=Tbilisi Transport Company \|date= \|accessdate=2013-11-16}} \| 2017New Metro Station University Opens in Tbilisi, {{cite web \|url=http://georgiatoday.ge/news/7855/New-Metro-Station-University-Opens-in-Tbilisi-Today \|title=New Metro Station University Opens in Tbilisi Today \|last=Gugunishvili \|first=Nino \|website=Georgiatoday.ge \|accessdate=2017-10-17}} \| style="text-align:left" \| 23 \| 2 \| {{convert\|27.1\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}}{{cite web \|url=http://ttc.com.ge/files/pdf/2013/Annual_report_Eng._2012.pdf \|title=Annual Report 2012 \|publisher=Tbilisi Transport Company \|pages=24–27 \|date= \|accessdate=2013-11-16 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220150652/http://ttc.com.ge/files/pdf/2013/Annual_report_Eng._2012.pdf \|archive-date=2014-02-20 \|url-status=dead }} \| 105.4 (2016)
Baku \| {{flag\|Azerbaijan SSR}} \| Baku Metro \| 1967 \| 2022 \| style="text-align:left" \| 27 \| 3 \| {{convert\|40.3\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}}{{cite web\|url=http://www.metro.gov.az/en/page/two.html \|title=Baku Metro – History \|publisher=Bakı Metropoliteni \|accessdate=2013-09-16 \|url-status=dead \|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818051401/http://metro.gov.az/en/page/two.html \|archivedate=18 August 2013 }} \| 217.5 (2016)
Kharkiv \| {{flag\|Ukrainian SSR}} \| Kharkiv Metro \| 1975 \| 2016 \| style="text-align:left" \| 30 \| 3 \| {{convert\|38.1\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 231.1 (2016)[http://kh.ukrstat.gov.ua/index.php/pasazhyrski-perevezennia-shchomisiachna-informatsiia Пасажирські перевезення (щомісячна інформація)]. Kh.ukrstat.gov.ua. Retrieved on 23 September 2015.
Tashkent \| {{flag\|Uzbek SSR}} \| Tashkent Metro \| 1977 \| 2023The Yunusobod Line was opened in 2001. \| style="text-align:left" \| 43 \| 4 \| {{convert\|59.5\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 53.5 (2016)
Yerevan \| {{flag\|Armenian SSR}} \| Yerevan Metro \| 1981{{cite web \| title = Yerevan authorities negotiating new metro line projects with banks \| publisher = ArmeniaNow.com \| url = http://www.armenianow.com/economy/41684/armenia_yerevan_underground_ebrd_funding_project \| date = 27 March 2013 \| accessdate=2013-08-04}} \| 1996Charbakh, {{cite web\|url=http://urbanrail.net/as/yere/yerevan.htm\|title=Yerevan\|last=Schwandl\|first=Robert\|website=UrbanRail.Net\|accessdate=2013-01-08}} \| style="text-align:left" \| 10 \| 1 \| {{convert\|13.4\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 15.4 (2016){{cite web \|url=http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2016.pdf \|title=Основные технико-эксплуатационные характеристики метрополитенов за 2016 год \|publisher=Международная Ассоциация "Метро" [International Association of Metros] \|language=Russian \|trans-title=Main technical and operational specifications for Subways in Year 2016 \|accessdate=2017-09-07}}
Minsk \| {{flag\|Byelorussian SSR}} \| Minsk Metro \| 1984{{cite web \|url=http://metropoliten.by/o_metropolitene/history_of_the_development/ \|script-title=ru:История развития метрополитена \|publisher=Государственное предприятие "Минский Метрополитен" [State Enterprise "Minsk Metro"] \|trans-title=History of the metro \|year=2014 \|accessdate=2015-06-27}} \| 2020 \| style="text-align:left" \| 33{{cite web \|url=http://metropoliten.by/o_metropolitene/metro_today/ \|script-title=ru:Метро сегодня \|publisher=Государственное предприятие "Минский Метрополитен" [State Enterprise "Minsk Metro"] \|language=Russian \|trans-title=Metro today \|year=2014 \|accessdate=2015-06-27}} \| 3 \| {{convert\|40.8\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 291.0 (2016)
Gorky (Now Nizhny Novgorod) \| {{flag\|Russian SFSR}} \| Gorky Metro \| 1985 \| 2018Gorkovskaya, {{cite web \|url=http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/niz/nizhniy-novgorod.htm \|title=Nizhniy Novgorod \|last=Schwandl\|first=Robert \|website=UrbanRail.Net \|accessdate=2013-01-07}} \| style="text-align:left" \| 16 \| 2 \| {{convert\|21.6\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}}{{cite web \|url=http://www.nsk-metro.ru/index.php?event=menu&pname=MetroRussia \|script-title=ru:МЕТРОПОЛИТЕНЫ РОССИИ за 9 месяцев 2013год \|language=Russian \|trans-title=METROS of Russia for 9 months of 2013 \|website=Новосибирский метрополитен \|publisher=Novosibirsk metro \|year=2013 \|accessdate=2014-03-02}} \| 30.4 (2016)
Novosibirsk \| {{flag\|Russian SFSR}} \| Novosibirsk Metro \| 1986 \| 2010Extension of Dzerzhinskaya Line, {{cite web \|url=http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/novosib/novosibirsk.htm \|title=Novosibirsk \|last=Schwandl\|first=Robert \|website=UrbanRail.Net \|accessdate=2013-01-08}} \| style="text-align:left" \| 13 \| 2 \| {{convert\|15.9\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 79.0 (2016)
Kuybyshev (Now Samara) \| {{flag\|Russian SFSR}} \| Kuybyshev Metro \| 1987 \| 2015 \| style="text-align:left" \| 13 \| 1 \| {{convert\|12.7\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}}{{cite web \|url=http://metrosamara.ru/about/scheme/ \|title=1-ая линия метрополитена [Показать справочную информацию] \|publisher=Самарский метрополитен [Samara Metro] \|language=Russian \|trans-title=First subway line [Show background information] \|accessdate=2015-02-16}}{{cite news \|title=Фоторепортаж: От станции "Российской" до "Алабинской" на метро около трех минут \|url=http://progorodsamara.ru/news/view/171911 \|work=Pro Gorod Samara \|language=Russian \|date=26 December 2014 \|accessdate=2015-01-20}} \| 15.6 (2016)
Sverdlovsk (Now Yekaterinburg) \| {{flag\|Russian SFSR}} \| Sverdlovsk Metro \| 1991 \| 2012Chkalovskaya, {{cite web\|url=http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/yekatarin/yekaterinburg.htm\|title=Yekaterinburg\|last=Schwandl\|first=Robert\|website=UrbanRail.Net\|accessdate=2013-01-08}} \| style="text-align:left" \| 9 \| 1 \| {{convert\|12.7\|km\|mi\|abbr=on}} \| 49.2 (2016)

class="wikitable sortable"

style="text-align:left;" | City

! style="text-align:left;" | Republic

! style="text-align:left;" | Name

! style="text-align:left;" | Year opened

! style="text-align:left;" | Year of last expansion

! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" | Stations

! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" | Lines

! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" | System length

! style="text-align:left;" data-sort-type="number" | Ridership (millions)

class="sort"

| Moscow

| {{flag|Russian SFSR}}

| Moscow Metro{{cite web |url=http://www.mosmetro.ru/ |script-title=ru:Московский метрополитен |publisher=Moskovsky Metropoliten |language=Russian |trans-title=Moscow Metro |accessdate=2014-03-03}}

| 1935

| 2023

| style="text-align:left" | 258{{cite web |url=http://mosmetro.ru/about/ |title=О метрополитене |publisher=Moskovsky Metropoliten |language=Russian |trans-title=About the metro |accessdate=2017-09-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129225504/http://www.mosmetro.ru/about/ |archive-date=2017-11-29 |url-status=dead }}

| 17

| {{convert|460.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 2378.3 (2016)

Leningrad
(Now Saint Petersburg)

| {{flag|Russian SFSR}}

| Leningrad Metro

| 1955

| 2019

| style="text-align:left" | 71

| 5

| {{convert|118.6|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 740.4 (2016)

Kiev

| {{flag|Ukrainian SSR}}

| Kiev Metro

| 1960

| 2013

| style="text-align:left" | 52content

| 3

| {{convert|67.6|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 484.6 (2016)[http://www.kyiv.ukrstat.gov.ua/p.php3?c=1322 Відправлення (перевезення) вантажів за видами транспорту] (in Ukrainian). Kyiv.ukrstat.gov.ua. Retrieved on 1 October 2015.

Tbilisi

| {{flag|Georgian SSR}}

| Tbilisi Metro

| 1966{{cite web |url=http://ttc.com.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG&sec_id=72&info_id=175 |title=Tbilisi Transport Company |publisher=Tbilisi Transport Company |date= |accessdate=2013-11-16}}

| 2017New Metro Station University Opens in Tbilisi, {{cite web |url=http://georgiatoday.ge/news/7855/New-Metro-Station-University-Opens-in-Tbilisi-Today |title=New Metro Station University Opens in Tbilisi Today |last=Gugunishvili |first=Nino |website=Georgiatoday.ge |accessdate=2017-10-17}}

| style="text-align:left" | 23

| 2

| {{convert|27.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{cite web |url=http://ttc.com.ge/files/pdf/2013/Annual_report_Eng._2012.pdf |title=Annual Report 2012 |publisher=Tbilisi Transport Company |pages=24–27 |date= |accessdate=2013-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140220150652/http://ttc.com.ge/files/pdf/2013/Annual_report_Eng._2012.pdf |archive-date=2014-02-20 |url-status=dead }}

| 105.4 (2016)

Baku

| {{flag|Azerbaijan SSR}}

| Baku Metro

| 1967

| 2022

| style="text-align:left" | 27

| 3

| {{convert|40.3|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{cite web|url=http://www.metro.gov.az/en/page/two.html |title=Baku Metro – History |publisher=Bakı Metropoliteni |accessdate=2013-09-16 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130818051401/http://metro.gov.az/en/page/two.html |archivedate=18 August 2013 }}

| 217.5 (2016)

Kharkiv

| {{flag|Ukrainian SSR}}

| Kharkiv Metro

| 1975

| 2016

| style="text-align:left" | 30

| 3

| {{convert|38.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 231.1 (2016)[http://kh.ukrstat.gov.ua/index.php/pasazhyrski-perevezennia-shchomisiachna-informatsiia Пасажирські перевезення (щомісячна інформація)]. Kh.ukrstat.gov.ua. Retrieved on 23 September 2015.

Tashkent

| {{flag|Uzbek SSR}}

| Tashkent Metro

| 1977

| 2023The Yunusobod Line was opened in 2001.

| style="text-align:left" | 43

| 4

| {{convert|59.5|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 53.5 (2016)

Yerevan

| {{flag|Armenian SSR}}

| Yerevan Metro

| 1981{{cite web | title = Yerevan authorities negotiating new metro line projects with banks | publisher = ArmeniaNow.com | url = http://www.armenianow.com/economy/41684/armenia_yerevan_underground_ebrd_funding_project | date = 27 March 2013 | accessdate=2013-08-04}}

| 1996Charbakh, {{cite web|url=http://urbanrail.net/as/yere/yerevan.htm|title=Yerevan|last=Schwandl|first=Robert|website=UrbanRail.Net|accessdate=2013-01-08}}

| style="text-align:left" | 10

| 1

| {{convert|13.4|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 15.4 (2016){{cite web |url=http://asmetro.ru/upload/docs/2016.pdf |title=Основные технико-эксплуатационные характеристики метрополитенов за 2016 год |publisher=Международная Ассоциация "Метро" [International Association of Metros] |language=Russian |trans-title=Main technical and operational specifications for Subways in Year 2016 |accessdate=2017-09-07}}

Minsk

| {{flag|Byelorussian SSR}}

| Minsk Metro

| 1984{{cite web |url=http://metropoliten.by/o_metropolitene/history_of_the_development/ |script-title=ru:История развития метрополитена |publisher=Государственное предприятие "Минский Метрополитен" [State Enterprise "Minsk Metro"] |trans-title=History of the metro |year=2014 |accessdate=2015-06-27}}

| 2020

| style="text-align:left" | 33{{cite web |url=http://metropoliten.by/o_metropolitene/metro_today/ |script-title=ru:Метро сегодня |publisher=Государственное предприятие "Минский Метрополитен" [State Enterprise "Minsk Metro"] |language=Russian |trans-title=Metro today |year=2014 |accessdate=2015-06-27}}

| 3

| {{convert|40.8|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 291.0 (2016)

Gorky
(Now Nizhny Novgorod)

| {{flag|Russian SFSR}}

| Gorky Metro

| 1985

| 2018Gorkovskaya, {{cite web |url=http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/niz/nizhniy-novgorod.htm |title=Nizhniy Novgorod |last=Schwandl|first=Robert |website=UrbanRail.Net |accessdate=2013-01-07}}

| style="text-align:left" | 16

| 2

| {{convert|21.6|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{cite web |url=http://www.nsk-metro.ru/index.php?event=menu&pname=MetroRussia |script-title=ru:МЕТРОПОЛИТЕНЫ РОССИИ за 9 месяцев 2013год |language=Russian |trans-title=METROS of Russia for 9 months of 2013 |website=Новосибирский метрополитен |publisher=Novosibirsk metro |year=2013 |accessdate=2014-03-02}}

| 30.4 (2016)

Novosibirsk

| {{flag|Russian SFSR}}

| Novosibirsk Metro

| 1986

| 2010Extension of Dzerzhinskaya Line, {{cite web |url=http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/novosib/novosibirsk.htm |title=Novosibirsk |last=Schwandl|first=Robert |website=UrbanRail.Net |accessdate=2013-01-08}}

| style="text-align:left" | 13

| 2

| {{convert|15.9|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 79.0 (2016)

Kuybyshev
(Now Samara)

| {{flag|Russian SFSR}}

| Kuybyshev Metro

| 1987

| 2015

| style="text-align:left" | 13

| 1

| {{convert|12.7|km|mi|abbr=on}}{{cite web |url=http://metrosamara.ru/about/scheme/ |title=1-ая линия метрополитена [Показать справочную информацию] |publisher=Самарский метрополитен [Samara Metro] |language=Russian |trans-title=First subway line [Show background information] |accessdate=2015-02-16}}{{cite news |title=Фоторепортаж: От станции "Российской" до "Алабинской" на метро около трех минут |url=http://progorodsamara.ru/news/view/171911 |work=Pro Gorod Samara |language=Russian |date=26 December 2014 |accessdate=2015-01-20}}

| 15.6 (2016)

Sverdlovsk
(Now Yekaterinburg)

| {{flag|Russian SFSR}}

| Sverdlovsk Metro

| 1991

| 2012Chkalovskaya, {{cite web|url=http://urbanrail.net/eu/ru/yekatarin/yekaterinburg.htm|title=Yekaterinburg|last=Schwandl|first=Robert|website=UrbanRail.Net|accessdate=2013-01-08}}

| style="text-align:left" | 9

| 1

| {{convert|12.7|km|mi|abbr=on}}

| 49.2 (2016)

Notes

References

Category:Russian railway-related lists

Category:Soviet Union-related lists

Category:Lists of buildings and structures in the Soviet Union