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List of multi-level marketing companies

{{short description|List of companies which use multi-level marketing}}

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This is a list of companies which use multi-level marketing (also known as network marketing,{{cite journal |last1=Pratt |first1=Michael G. |last2=Rosa |first2=José Antonio |title=Transforming work-family conflict into commitment in network marketing organizations |journal=The Academy of Management Journal |volume=46 |issue=4 |pages=395–418 |year=2003|jstor=30040635 }}{{cite journal |last1=Vander Nat |first1=Peter J. |last2=Keep |first2=William W. |title=Marketing Fraud: An Approach for Differentiating Multilevel Marketing from Pyramid Schemes |journal=Journal of Public Policy & Marketing |volume=21 |issue=1 |pages=139–15 |year=2002 |doi=10.1509/jppm.21.1.139.17603|s2cid=154490614 }}{{cite journal|last1=Merrilees |first1=Bill |last2=Miller |first2=Dale |title=Direct Selling in the West and East: The Relative Roles of Product and Relationship (Guanxi) Drivers |journal=Journal of Business Research |volume=45 |issue=3 |pages=267–273 |year=1999|doi=10.1016/S0148-2963(97)00238-5 }}{{cite journal |last=Cahn |first=Peter S. |title=Building down and Dreaming up: Finding Faith in a Mexican Multilevel Marketer |journal=American Ethnologist |volume=33 |issue=1 |pages=126–142 |year=2006 |doi=10.1525/ae.2006.33.1.126}}{{cite journal |last=Marcason |first=Wendy |title=What Are the Facts and Myths about Mangosteen? |journal=Journal of the American Dietetic Association |volume=106 |issue=6 |page=986 |year=2006 |doi=10.1016/j.jada.2006.04.008|pmid=16720137 }} direct selling,{{cite web |last=Valentine|first=Debra A.|title = Pyramid Schemes|url = https://www.ftc.gov/public-statements/1998/05/pyramid-schemes |publisher = FTC|date = May 13, 1998|access-date = July 30, 2015 }} referral marketing,{{cite web|url=http://www.skepdic.com/mlm.html |title=multi-level marketing (a.k.a. network marketing & referral marketing) – The Skeptic's Dictionary |publisher=Skepdic.com |date=1991-12-09 |access-date=2010-02-04}} and pyramid selling){{cite book |last=Edwards |first=Paul |title=Franchising & licensing: two powerful ways to grow your business in any economy |publisher=Tarcher |year=1997 |page=356 |isbn=0-87477-898-0}}{{cite book |last=Clegg |first=Brian |title=The invisible customer: strategies for successive customer service down the wire |publisher=Kogan Page |year=2000 |page=112 |isbn=0-7494-3144-X}}{{cite book |last=Higgs |first=Philip |author2=Smith, Jane |title=Rethinking Our World |publisher=Juta Academic |year=2007 |page=30|isbn=978-0-7021-7255-7}}{{cite book |last=Kitching |first=Trevor |title=Purchasing scams and how to avoid them|publisher=Gower Publishing Company |year=2001 |page=4 |isbn=0-566-08281-0}}{{cite book |last=Mendelsohn |first=Martin |title=The guide to franchising |publisher=Cengage Learning Business Press |year=2004 |page=36 |isbn=1-84480-162-4}} for most of their sales.

Active

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Defunct

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  • Beautycounter (dissolved in 2024)
  • Betterware (placed into administration in 2018) {{Cite web|url=https://www.walesonline.co.uk/news/local-news/betterware-doorstep-catalogue-useful-items-14593735|title=Spoon rest and egg separator catalogue company Betterware has folded|last=Dalling|first=Robert|date=2018-04-30|website=walesonline|access-date=2020-02-20}}
  • Black Oxygen Organics (shut down in November 2021){{cite web |title='Magic dirt': How the internet fueled, and defeated, the pandemic's weirdest company |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/magic-dirt-internet-fueled-defeated-pandemics-weirdest-mlm-rcna6950 |website=NBC News |access-date=4 December 2021 |language=en}}
  • BurnLounge (shut down as pyramid scheme by FTC in 2012)
  • Equinox International (dissolved in 2001)
  • European Grouping of Marketing Professionals/CEDIPAC SA (dissolved in 1995)
  • European Home Retail (dissolved in 2007)
  • Fortune Hi-Tech Marketing (dissolved in 2013)
  • FundAmerica (bankrupt in 1990){{cite news|last1=Crouch|first1=Gregory|title=FundAmerica Files for Bankruptcy, Cites 2 Overseas Creditors|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1990-08-18-fi-754-story.html|work=Los Angeles Times|date=18 August 1990}}
  • Holiday Magic (dissolved in 1974)
  • House of Lloyd (a.k.a. "Christmas Around the World") (filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2002)
  • Kleeneze (went into administration in 2018)
  • The Longaberger Company (dissolved in 2018){{cite news|last1=Penke|first1=Patty|title=The Iconic Longaberger Company Shuts Down: Will Those Collectible Baskets Be Worthless Now?|url=https://doyouremember.com/77009/the-iconic-longaberger-company-shuts-down-will-those-collectible-baskets-be-worthless-now|access-date=8 October 2019}}
  • Metabolife (dissolved in 2005)
  • MonaVie (went into foreclosure 2015)
  • Nouveau Riche (real estate investment college) (dissolved in 2010)
  • NXIVM{{cite web|title=Women say they were branded and traumatized by secret group's doctors|url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/nxivm-women-say-they-were-branded-traumatized-group-doctors/|website=CBSNews.com|date=20 October 2017 |publisher=CBS|access-date=13 November 2017}}{{cite web|last1=Odato|first1=James|title=Lawyer attacks NXIVM 'scheme'|url=http://www.timesunion.com/local/article/Lawyer-attacks-NXIVM-scheme-1032548.php|website=TimesUnion.com|publisher=The Hearst Corporation|access-date=13 November 2017}}
  • Seasilver (ceased trading in 2006)
  • Solavei (dissolved in 2015){{cite web|last1=Soper|first1=Taylor|title=Multi-level marketing mobile service provider Solavei shuts down due to 'competitive landscape'|url=http://www.geekwire.com/2015/multi-level-marketing-mobile-service-provider-solavei-shuts-due-competitive-landscape/|website=GeekWire|access-date=31 December 2015}}
  • Royal Tongan Limu (dissolved in 2003)
  • Sunshine Empire (dissolved in 2009)
  • Telexfree (bankrupt in 2014)
  • United Sciences of America (dissolved in 1987)
  • WakeUpNow (dissolved in 2015)

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References

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{{Multi-level marketing}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Multi-Level Marketing Companies, List Of}}

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Category:Lists of companies by industry

Category:Marketing-related lists