List of presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe
{{Short description|None}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox official post
| post = President
| body = the
Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe
| native_name = {{small|{{lang|pt|Presidente da República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe}}}}
| insignia = Coat of arms of São Tomé and Príncipe.svg
| insigniasize =
| insigniacaption = Coat of arms of São Tomé and Príncipe
| insigniaalt =
| flag = Flag of the President of Sao Tome and Principe.svg
| flagsize =
| flagalt =
| flagborder =
| flagcaption = Presidential standard of São Tomé and Príncipe
| image = WSIS FORUM 2015 Day 2 - Carlos Vila Nova (cropped).jpg
| imagesize =
| alt =
| imagecaption =
| incumbent = Carlos Vila Nova
| acting =
| incumbentsince = 2 October 2021
| department =
| style =
| type = Head of state
| status =
| abbreviation =
| member_of =
| reports_to =
| residence = Presidential Palace, São Tomé
| seat =
| nominator =
| appointer =
| appointer_qualified =
| termlength = Five years,
| termlength_qualified = renewable once
| constituting_instrument = Constitution of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975)
| precursor =
| formation = {{start date and age|df=y|1975|7|12}}
| first = Manuel Pinto da Costa
| last =
| abolished =
| succession =
| unofficial_names =
| deputy =
| salary = 60,830,000 dobras annually{{cite web|url=https://financas.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/664-repositorios|title=ESTRUTURA REMUNERATÓRIA - INAC|website=financas.gov.st}}
| website =
| footnotes =
}}
This article lists the presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe, an island country in the Gulf of Guinea off the western equatorial coast of Central Africa, since the establishment of the office of president in 1975. Manuel Pinto da Costa was the first person to hold the office, taking effect on 12 July 1975. The incumbent is Carlos Vila Nova, having taken office on 2 October 2021.
Term limits
As of 2021, there is a two-term limit for the president in the Constitution of São Tomé and Príncipe. The first president for whom the term limits applied was Trovoada in 2001.{{cite web |last1=Cook |first1=Candace |last2=Siegle |first2=Joseph |title=Circumvention of Term Limits Weakens Governance in Africa |url=https://africacenter.org/spotlight/circumvention-of-term-limits-weakens-governance-in-africa/ |website=Africa Center for Strategic Studies}}
List of officeholders
;Political parties
{{legend|{{party color|Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party}}|Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party (MLSTP–PSD)|border=1px solid #aaa}}
{{legend|{{party color|Democratic Convergence Party (São Tomé and Príncipe)}}|Democratic Convergence Party (PCD)|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
{{legend|{{party color|Independent Democratic Action}}|Independent Democratic Action (ADI)|border=1px solid #aaa}}
{{legend|{{party color|Force for Change Democratic Movement – Liberal Party}}|Force for Change Democratic Movement – Liberal Party (MDFM–PL)|border=1px solid #aaa}}
;Other factions
{{legend|{{party color|Military rule}}|Military|border=1px solid #aaa}}
{{legend|{{party color|Independent politician}}|Independent|border=1px solid #aaa}}
;Symbols
{{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes acting president}}
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! rowspan="2" |{{Abbr|No.|Number}} ! rowspan="2" |Portrait ! rowspan="2" |Name ! rowspan="2" |Elected ! colspan="3" |Term of office ! rowspan="2" |Political party |
| Took office
! Left office ! Time in office |
|---|
| style="background-color:{{party color|Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe – Social Democratic Party}}; color:white;" | 1
| 90px | Manuel Pinto da Costa | — | 12 July 1975 | 4 March 1991 | {{ayd|1975|07|12|1991|03|04}} |
| style="background:#e6e6aa;"
! style="background-color:{{party color|Democratic Convergence Party (São Tomé and Príncipe)}}; color:white;" | — | 90px | Leonel Mário d'Alva | — | 4 March 1991 | 3 April 1991 | {{ayd|1991|03|04|1991|04|03}} | PCD |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent Democratic Action}}; color:black;" | 2
| 90px | Miguel Trovoada | 1991 | 3 April 1991 | 15 August 1995 | {{ayd|1991|04|03|1995|08|15}} | ADI |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | —
| 90px | Lieutenant | — | 15 August 1995 | 21 August 1995 | {{ayd|1995|08|15|1995|08|23}} | Military |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent Democratic Action}}; color:black;" | (2)
| 90px | Miguel Trovoada | 1996 | 21 August 1995 | 3 September 2001 | {{ayd|1995|08|15|2001|09|03}} | ADI |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Force for Change Democratic Movement – Liberal Party}}; color:white;" | 3
| 90px | Fradique de Menezes | 2001 | 3 September 2001 | 16 July 2003 | {{ayd|2001|09|03|2003|07|16}} | MDFM–PL |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Military rule}}; color:black;" | —
| 90px | Major | — | 16 July 2003 | 23 July 2003 | {{ayd|2003|07|16|2003|07|23}} | Military |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Force for Change Democratic Movement – Liberal Party}}; color:white;" | (3)
| 90px | Fradique de Menezes | 2006 | 23 July 2003 | 3 September 2011 | {{ayd|2003|07|23|2011|09|03}} | MDFM–PL |
| style="background:{{party color|Independent politician}};" | (1)
| 90px | Manuel Pinto da Costa | 2011 | 3 September 2011 | 3 September 2016 | {{age in years|2011|09|03|2016|09|03}} years |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent Democratic Action}}; color:black;" | 4
| 90px | Evaristo Carvalho | 2016 | 3 September 2016 | 2 October 2021 | {{ayd|2016|09|03|2021|10|02}} | ADI |
| style="background-color:{{party color|Independent Democratic Action}}; color:black;" | 5
| 90px | Carlos Vila Nova | 2021 | 2 October 2021 | Incumbent | {{ayd|2021|10|02}} | ADI |
Timeline
{{#tag:timeline|
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AlignBars = late
Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}}
Colors =
id:independent value:rgb(0.710,0.710,0.710) legend:None_(Independent)
id:military value:rgb(0.76,0.69,0.57) legend:Military
id:mlstp value:rgb(0.2,0.64,0.26) legend:MLSTP/PSD
id:pcd value:rgb(0,0.28,0.67) legend:PCD-GR
id:adi value:rgb(0.91,0.85,0.15) legend:ADI
id:mdfm value:rgb(0.82,0.20,0.22) legend:MDFM-PL
id:gray1 value:gray(0.85)
id:gray2 value:gray(0.95)
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy
Period = from:01/01/1975 till:$today
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1975
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1975
Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:35 columnwidth:170
TextData =
pos:(20,38) textcolor:black fontsize:M
text:"Political party:"
BarData =
bar:daCosta
bar:d'Alva
bar:Trovoada
bar:deAlmeida
bar:deMenezes
bar:Pereira
bar:Carvalho
bar:VilaNova
PlotData =
width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till
bar:daCosta
from: 12/07/1975 till: 04/03/1991 color:mlstp
from: 03/09/2011 till: 03/09/2016 color:independent text:"Manuel Pinto da Costa"
bar:d'Alva
from: 04/03/1991 till: 03/04/1991 color:pcd text:"Leonel Mário d'Alva (acting)"
bar:Trovoada
from: 03/04/1991 till: 15/08/1995 color:adi
from: 21/08/1995 till: 03/09/2001 color:adi text:"Miguel Trovoada"
bar:deAlmeida
from: 15/08/1995 till: 21/08/1995 color:military text:"Manuel Quintas de Almeida"
bar:deMenezes
from: 03/09/2001 till: 16/07/2003 color:mdfm
from: 23/07/2003 till: 03/09/2011 color:mdfm text:"Fradique de Menezes"
bar:Pereira
from: 16/07/2003 till: 23/07/2003 color:military text:"Fernando Pereira"
bar:Carvalho
from: 03/09/2016 till: 02/10/2021 color:adi text:"Evaristo Carvalho"
bar:VilaNova
from: 02/10/2021 till: $today color:adi text:"Carlos Vila Nova"
}}
See also
References
{{reflist}}
External links
- [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Sao_Tome.html World Statesmen – São Tomé and Príncipe]
{{Presidents of São Tomé and Príncipe}}
{{São Tomé and Príncipe topics}}
{{Heads of state and government of Africa}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:List of Presidents of Sao Tome and Principe}}