Lodi, Lombardy

{{Main articles|History of Lodi}}

File:General Bonaparte giving orders at the Battle of Lodi.jpg, by Louis-François, Baron Lejeune]]

Lodi was a Celtic village; in Roman times it was called, in Latin, Laus Pompeia (probably in honour of the consul Gnaeus Pompeius Strabo) and was known also because its position allowed many Gauls of Gallia Cisalpina to obtain Roman citizenship. It was in an important position where a vital Roman road crossed the River Adda.

Lodi became the see of a diocese in the 3rd century. Saint Bassianus (San Bassiano) is the patron saint of the town.

A free commune around 1000, it fiercely resisted the Milanese, who destroyed it in 1111. The old town corresponds to the modern Lodi Vecchio. Frederick Barbarossa rebuilt it on its current location in 1158.

From 1220, the Lodigiani (inhabitants of Lodi) spent decades in constructing a system of miles of artificial rivers and channels (called Consorzio di Muzza). It was created to give water to the countryside, turning arid areas into one of the region's important agricultural areas.

From the 14th century Lodi was ruled by the Visconti family, who built a castle there. In 1413, the antipope John XXIII launched the bull by which he convened the Council of Constance from the Duomo of Lodi. The council marked the end of the Great Schism.

In 1454, representatives from all the regional states of Italy met in Lodi to sign the treaty known as the peace of Lodi, by which they intended to pursue Italian unification. This peace lasted 40 years.

The town was then ruled by the Sforza family, France, Spain and Austria.

In 1786, it became the eponymous capital of a province that between 1815 and 1859 included Crema.

On 10 May 1796, in the first major battle of his career as a general, the young Napoleon Bonaparte defeated the Habsburg monarchy at the Battle of Lodi.

In the second half of the 19th century, Lodi began to expand outside the city walls and was boosted by economic expansion and the construction of railway lines that followed the unification of Italy.

In 1945, the Italian petrol company Agip, directed by Enrico Mattei, started extracting methane from its fields, and Lodi was the first Italian town with a regular domestic gas service.

The town is now at the heart of important communication routes, and is a technologically advanced industrial centre, maintaining, however, also its strong traditional ceramics tradition.

File:Incoronata-interior-dome.jpg

• Piazza della Vittoria, listed by the Italian Touring Club among the most beautiful squares in Italy.{{cite book|title=Piazze d'Italia|location=Milan|publisher=Touring Club Italiano|year=2004|isbn=88-365-3498-8}} Featuring porticoes on all its four sides, it includes the Basilica della Vergine Assunta and the Broletto (town hall).
• Piazza Broletto, with a Verona marble baptismal font dating to the 14th century
• Beata Vergine Incoronata, church in style of Lombard Renaissance
• San Francesco, a Gothic-style church built in 1280–1307
• San Lorenzo, a church with frescoes by Callisto Piazza
• Santa Maria del Sole, a late Baroque-style Catholic church
• Santa Maria Maddalena, a Baroque church. The original Romanesque structure (1162) was replaced in the 18th century. The interior has frescoes by Carlo Innocenzo Carloni and a Deposition attributed to Robert de Longe.
• Sant'Agnese, church in Lombard Gothic style (14th century). It includes the Galliani Polyptych by Albertino Piazza (1520), and has, on the façade, a rose window decorated with polychrome majolica.
• San Filippo, Rococo-style church
• Palazzo Vescovile (Bishopric Palace), of medieval origin but rebuilt in the 18th century
• San Cristoforo, church designed by Pellegrino Tibaldi
• Visconti Castle (Torrione), a medieval castle now partially destroyed
• Palazzo Mozzanica (15th century)
• Palazzo Modignani, 18th-century urban palace
• Torre di Lodi, a modern building high 70 meters about. It is located in the Business District, and is the tallest building in the city.
• Biblioteca Laudense, located in Palazzo San Filippo, adjacent to church

{{See also|List of mayors of Lodi, Lombardy}}

In 1864 Tiziano Zalli founded the Banca Popolare di Lodi, the first Italian cooperative bank (now part of Banco Popolare group).

In 1945, the Italian petrol company Agip, directed by Enrico Mattei, started extracting methane from its fields, and Lodi was the first Italian town with a regular domestic gas service.

Zucchetti S.p.A., the first Italian software house, was founded in Lodi in 1978 and has its headquarters in the Zucchetti Tower.{{Cite web |title=La nostra storia |url=https://www.zucchetti.it/website/cms/timeline/3512-la-nostra-storia.html |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=www.zucchetti.it |language=it}}

L’Erbolario Società Benefit S.r.l., a company specialized in natural cosmetics and beauty products established in Lodi in 1978, has its production plant and logistics center in the city.{{Cite web |title=Dal 1978 a oggi |url=https://www.erbolario.com/it/il-mondo-l-erbolario/dal-1978-a-oggi-3028.html |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=erbolario.com |language=it}}

IBSA Institut Biochimique SA, a Swiss pharmaceutical multinational company, has its Italian headquarters in Lodi, as well as a production plant.{{Cite web |title=Gli stabilimenti produttivi in Italia |url=https://www.ibsa.it/chi-siamo/gli-stabilimenti-produttivi-in-italia.html |access-date=2023-06-27 |website=ibsa.it |language=it}}

The Officine Meccaniche Lodigiane were also located in the city.

{{Main|Lodi ceramics}}

The production of ceramic in the Lodi area reached its artistic peak in the 18th century, with the production of fine, tin-glazed maiolica. The main factories were those of Coppellotti, Ferretti and Rossetti.

The best ceramics of the Coppellotti factory date from the period 1735–1740. Some are in monochromatic turquoise and are decorated with arabesques, draperies and geometric-floral compositions arranged in a radial pattern. Other ceramics represent local life and scenes, such as fruit, fish, landscapes, castles, peasants, wayfarers, music players, with dogs or birds; some represent oriental figures.{{cite book|last=Ferrari|first=Felice|title=La ceramica di Lodi|trans-title=Lodi ceramics|language=it|year=2003|publisher=Bolis Edizioni|location=Azzano San Paolo|pages=35–44}}

The Rossetti factory was active in Lodi between 1729 and 1736. Most of the Rossetti ceramics are in monochromatic turquoise and have decorations inspired by Roman art revisited in a Baroque style, such as pillars, balustrades, capitals, urns, shells, stylized leaves garlands, divinities and satyrs. Some ceramics feature landscapes in the center, with views of cities and castles, hills, lakes, clouds and birds.{{cite book|last=Ferrari|first=Felice|title=La ceramica di Lodi|trans-title=Lodi ceramics|language=it|year=2003|publisher=Bolis Edizioni|location=Azzano San Paolo|pages=45–51}}

The Ferretti factory was active in Lodi in the 18th century until the beginning of the 19th century. Ferretti ceramics are famous for the decoration with naturalistic flowers, with very bright and lively colours.{{cite book|last=Ferrari|first=Felice|title=La ceramica di Lodi|trans-title=Lodi ceramics|language=it|year=2003|publisher=Bolis Edizioni|location=Azzano San Paolo|pages=53–64}} Most frequently these were wild flowers, such as forget-me-not, buttercups, Centaurea cyanus, campanula, primroses and dog rose; but also cultivated roses, tulips and carnations were painted.{{cite book|last=Gelmini|first=Maria Laura|chapter=L'arte ceramica lodigiana|title=Maioliche lodigiane del '700|trans-title=Lodi maiolica in the 18th century|language=it|year=1995|publisher=Electa|location=Venice|isbn=88-435-5402-6|page=46}} Ferretti also painted other kind of decorations, such as Oriental figures, fruits, fish and still lifes.{{cite book|last=Ferrari|first=Felice|title=La ceramica di Lodi|trans-title=Lodi ceramics|language=it|year=2003|publisher=Bolis Edizioni|location=Azzano San Paolo|pages=53–64}}

A large exposition of Lodi ceramics could be visited in The Museo Civico di Lodi until its closure in 2011, when all its content was moved to long-term storage{{cite web |url= https://milano.corriere.it/notizie/cronaca/17_febbraio_27/lodi-300-opere-d-arte-sepolte-museo-che-non-c-sei-anni-5d08d1ee-fc68-11e6-8717-6cdb036394a5.shtml |title=Lodi, le 300 opere d'arte sepolte E il museo che non c'è da sei anni|last=Gastaldi|first=Francesco|language=it|date=27 February 2017|access-date=24 January 2020}} waiting for relocation.{{cite web |url= http://www.comune.lodi.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/112 |title=Museo Civico|language=it|access-date=24 January 2020}}{{cite web |url= http://museilodi.it/site/realta-museali/museo-civico-lodi/ |title=Museo Civico - Lodi|language=it|access-date=24 January 2020}}

• {{flagicon|Germany}} Constance, Germany
• {{flagicon|United States}} Lodi, California, United States{{Cite web|url=https://www.lodi.gov/783/Lodi-Sister-City-Committee|title=Lodi Sister City Committee | Lodi, CA}}
• {{flagicon|Italy}} Omegna, Italy
• {{flagicon|France}} Fontainebleau, France

{{Weather box|width=auto

|metric first=y

|single line=y

|collapsed = Y

|location = Lodi (1991–2020)

|Jan high C = 6.2

|Feb high C = 9.3

|Mar high C = 15.1

|Apr high C = 19.0

|May high C = 24.1

|Jun high C = 28.1

|Jul high C = 30.6

|Aug high C = 30.1

|Sep high C = 25.3

|Oct high C = 18.6

|Nov high C = 11.7

|Dec high C = 6.5

| year high C =

|Jan mean C = 2.7

|Feb mean C = 4.7

|Mar mean C = 9.5

|Apr mean C = 13.4

|May mean C = 18.4

|Jun mean C = 22.3

|Jul mean C = 24.4

|Aug mean C = 23.9

|Sep mean C = 19.4

|Oct mean C = 14.0

|Nov mean C = 8.2

|Dec mean C = 3.3

| year mean C =

|Jan low C = -0.7

|Feb low C = 0.1

|Mar low C = 3.9

|Apr low C = 7.8

|May low C = 12.6

|Jun low C = 16.6

|Jul low C = 18.2

|Aug low C = 17.7

|Sep low C = 13.6

|Oct low C = 9.4

|Nov low C = 4.7

|Dec low C = 0.1

| year low C =

|precipitation colour = green

|Jan precipitation mm = 61

|Feb precipitation mm = 65

|Mar precipitation mm = 69

|Apr precipitation mm = 75

|May precipitation mm = 77

|Jun precipitation mm = 68

|Jul precipitation mm = 61

|Aug precipitation mm = 84

|Sep precipitation mm = 71

|Oct precipitation mm = 99

|Nov precipitation mm = 101

|Dec precipitation mm = 67

| source 1 = Climi e viaggi{{cite web

| url = https://www.climieviaggi.it/clima/italia/lodi

| title = Clima - Lodi (Lombardia)

| publisher= Climi e viaggi

| access-date = 29 June 2024}}

| source 2 = Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (precipitation 1951–1980){{cite web

| url = https://www.isprambiente.gov.it/files/pubblicazioni/SA_55_14_Valori_climatici_normali.pdf

| title = Valori climatici normali di temperatura e precipitazione in Italia

| publisher= Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale

| access-date = 29 June 2024}}

}}

File:Lodi duomo.JPG|The façade of Lodi Cathedral and Piazza della Vittoria

File:Prothyrum-Cathedral-Lodi.JPG|Prothyrum of Lodi Cathedral

File:Rose-window-Cathedral-Lodi.JPG|Rose window of Lodi Cathedral

File: Tempio dell'Incoronata Interno.JPG|Church of the Beata Vergine Incoronata (view of the interior and dome)

File:Lodi, Tempio Civico della Beata Vergine Incoronata 001.JPG|Interior of Church of Beata Vergine Incoronata

File:Lodi, Tempio Civico della Beata Vergine Incoronata 014.JPG| Painting by Bergognone representing the Visitation in the Church of Beata Vergine Incoronata

File:Lodi, Tempio Civico della Beata Vergine Incoronata 013.JPG|Painting by Callisto Piazza representing Salome presenting the head of Saint John the Baptist to Herod II

File:Lodi - chiesa di San Francesco - facciata.jpg|Façade of San Francesco Church

File:Open-sky-bifora-SanFrancesco-Lodi.JPG|Open sky bifora in the façade of San Francesco Church

File:Lodi, San Francesco-Frescos 001.JPG|Frescoes in the Church of San Francesco

File:Lodi - chiostro della Farmacia - 02.jpg|Cloister of Ospedale vecchio

File:Lodi - chiesa di San Filippo.jpg|Façade of San Filippo Church

File:Lodi - chiesa di Sant’Agnese - portale.jpg|Portal of Sant'Agnese Church

File:Lodi pal Broletto facciata.jpg|Broletto Palace viewed from Piazza della Vittoria

File:Piazza Broletto Lodi.JPG|Broletto square in the night

File:Lodi castello torrione.JPG|Visconti Castle

File:Lodi pal Vistarini.jpg|Vistarini Palace

File:Lodi Pal Mozzanica.JPG|Mozzanica palace

File:Lodi - monumento alla Resistenza - vista frontale.jpg|Monument to the Italian resistance movement

File:Ponte Lodi.jpg|Bridge on the River Adda

{{Reflist}}

• {{cite book|first=Giovanni |last=Agnelli|title= Lodi ed il suo territorio nella storia, nella geografia e nell'arte|location=Lodi|year= 1917}}
• {{cite book|first=Agenore |last=Bassi|title=Storia di Lodi|location=Lodi|publisher=Edizioni Lodigraf|year=1977|isbn=88-7121-018-2}}
• Mario-Giuseppe Genesi, Gli Organi Storici del Lodigiano, Piacenza, L.I.R. Editrice, 2017, pp. 720.
• {{cite book|last=Ferrari|first=Felice|title=La ceramica di Lodi|trans-title=Lodi ceramics|language=it|year=2003|publisher=Bolis Edizioni|location=Azzano San Paolo}}
• {{cite book|title=Maioliche lodigiane del '700|trans-title=Lodi maiolica in the 18th century| language=it|year=1995|publisher=Electa|location=Venice|isbn=88-435-5402-6}}

{{Province of Lodi}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Cities and towns in Lombardy