Logan's raid

{{Short description|1791 mass killing of Indians by Kentucky militia in Ohio}}

{{Infobox civilian attack

|title = Logan's Raid

|partof = the Northwest Indian War

|image = Logans Raid.png

|image_size =

|caption =

|location =

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|date = Oct. 12, 1786

|time-begin =

|time-end =

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|type = Mass killing

|fatalities = 11 killed

|injuries =

|perps = Kentucky militia force under Colonel Benjamin Logan

}}

{{Campaignbox Northwest Indian War}}

Logan's raid was a military expedition held in October, 1786 by a Kentucky militia force under Colonel Benjamin Logan against several Shawnee settlements along the Little Miami and Mad Rivers in the Ohio Country.Esarey, Logan, and William F. Cronin. History of Indiana from Its Exploration to 1922. Dayton: Dayton Historical, 1922, 107. The villages were occupied primarily by noncombatants, since most warriors had left to defend the villages of Chief Little Turtle from a separate force moving up the Wabash River under the command of General George Rogers Clark. Logan seized and burned thirteen villages (full of mostly women and children), destroying the food supplies and killing or capturing many, including the aged Chief Moluntha who was soon murdered by one of Logan's men,Roosevelt, Theodore. The Winning of the West. Kessinger Publishing's Rare Reprints. Whitefish: Kessinger, 2004, 53. reportedly in retaliation for the Battle of Blue Licks in the American Revolutionary War.

Moluntha had recently signed the Treaty of Fort Finney at the beginning of the year, and had raised an American flag over his lodge. When Logan's force attacked, he had calmly surrendered himself and his family, holding a copy of the treaty as a testament to his peaceful relationship with the United States.Richard White, The Middle Ground: Indians, Europeans, and Republics in the Great Lakes Region, 1650-1815 (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1991) 440. Militia Colonel Hugh McGary had participated in the Battle of Blue Licks in August 1782, and when the weak resistance offered by the Shawnee villagers had ended, he approached the elderly chief and asked if he had been present at the battle. "Moluntha had not been there, but he misunderstood the question and seemed to indicate otherwise. McGary, a hotheaded soldier whose irresponsibility had been a cause of that defeat, angrily felled the old chief with a hatchet and, as he tried to regain his feet, killed him with a second blow and scalped him."John Sugden, Blue Jacket: Warrior of the Shawnees (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2000) 75. Logan found none but old men, women and children in the towns; they made no resistance; the men were litteraly murdered. (Ensign Ebenezer Denna, First American Regiment.)Denny, Ebenezer (1850). Military Journal of Major Ebenezer Denny. Philadelphia, p.94.

Logan's raid and the death of their chief angered the Shawnees, who retaliated by further increasing their attacks on the whites, escalating the war.