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Loriinae

{{short description|Subfamily of birds}}

{{Automatic taxobox

| name = Loriinae

| image = Rainbow lorikeet.jpg

| image_caption = Rainbow lorikeet (Trichoglossus moluccanus)

| taxon = Loriinae

| authority = Selby, 1836

| subdivision_ranks = Tribes

| subdivision =

}}

Loriinae is a subfamily of psittacine birds, one of the six subfamilies that make up the family Psittaculidae. It consists of three tribes, the lories and lorikeets (Loriini), the budgerigar (Melopsittacini) and the fig parrots (Cyclopsittini), which are small birds, mostly of bright colors and inhabitants of Oceania and the islands of Southeast Asia.

Taxonomy

The subfamily Loriinae was introduced in 1836 (as Loriana and Lorianae) by the English naturalist Prideaux John Selby in his book The Natural History of Parrots.{{ cite book | last=Selby | first=Prideaux John | author-link=Prideaux John Selby | year=1836 | title=The Natural History of Parrots | series=The Naturalist's Library. Volume 6. | location=Edinburgh | publisher=W.H. Lizards | pages=57, 141, 142 | url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25572523 }} Traditionally it was considered that the lories were the only members of the subfamily Loriinae, or were integrated into their own family, Loriidae,{{cite book | last1= Forshaw| first1= Joseph M.| author2= Cooper, William T.|year= 1981|orig-year=1973, 1978|edition=corrected second| title= Parrots of the World|publisher=David & Charles, Newton Abbot, London|isbn=0-7153-7698-5}} but currently they are classified as a tribe, Loriini, within a larger subfamily Loriinae. The genetic studies showed that the lories are closely related to the budgerigar and the fig parrots of the genera Cyclopsitta and Psittaculirostris,{{Cite journal | last1=Wright | first1=T.F. | last2=Schirtzinger | first2=E.E. | last3=Matsumoto | first3=T. | last4=Eberhard | first4=J.R. | last5=Graves | first5=G.R. | last6=Sanchez | first6=J.J. | last7=Capelli | first7=S. | last8=Müller | first8=H. | last9=Scharpegge | first9=J. | last10=Chambers | first10=G.K. | last11=Fleischer | first11=R.C. | date=2008 | title=A multilocus molecular phylogeny of the parrots (Psittaciformes): support for a Gondwanan origin during the Cretaceous | journal=Molecular Biology and Evolution | volume=25 | issue=10 | pages=2141–2156 | pmc=2727385| doi=10.1093/molbev/msn160 | doi-access=free | pmid=18653733 }}{{cite journal|last=Astuti|first=Dwi| author2 = Azuma, Noriko | author3 = Suzuki, Hitoshi | author4 = Higashi, Seigo |year=2006|title=Phylogenetic relationships within parrots (Psittacidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene sequences.|journal=Zoological Science|volume=23|pages=191–98|doi=10.2108/zsj.23.191|pmid=16603811|number=2|hdl=2115/54809|s2cid=35879495|hdl-access=free}}{{cite journal|last=de Kloet|first=RS|author2=de Kloet SR|year=2005|title=The evolution of the spindlin gene in birds: Sequence analysis of an intron of the spindlin W and Z gene reveals four major divisions of the Psittaciformes|journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution|volume=36|pages=706–721|doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2005.03.013|pmid=16099384|number=3|bibcode=2005MolPE..36..706D }}{{cite journal|last1=Tokita|first1=Masayoshi|last2=Kiyoshi|first2=Takuya|last3=Armstrong|first3=Kyle N.|title=Evolution of craniofacial novelty in parrots through developmental modularity and heterochrony|journal=Evolution & Development|date=30 October 2007|volume=9|issue=6|pages=590–601|doi=10.1111/j.1525-142X.2007.00199.x|pmid=17976055|s2cid=46659963}}{{cite journal |journal=Condor |volume=93|issue=2|pages=302–17|doi=10.2307/1368946|jstor=1368946|title=Relationships among the Australo-Papuan Parrots, Lorikeets, and Cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes): Protein Evidence|year=1991|last1=Christidis|first1=L|last2=Schodde|first2=R|last3=Shaw|first3=D. D|last4=Maynes|first4=S. F}} that form the other two tribes that make up the subfamily, Melopsittacini and Cyclopsittini, respectively.

Loriinae is integrated as one of the five subfamilies of the family Psittaculidae, together with Psittaculinae, Platycercinae, Psittacellinae, Agapornithinae; and in turn Psittaculidae forms together with two families more the superfamily Psittacoidea.

Genera

File:Vini australis -two on a perch-8a-4c.jpg]]

File:Scalybreastedlorikeet.jpg]]

File:Musk Lorikeet jul08.jpg]]

File:Chalcopsitta sintillata -Fuengirola Zoo-8-1c.jpg]]

File:Budgerigar-strzelecki-qld.jpg]]

File:Cyclopsitta gulielmitertii qtl1.jpg]]

File:Psittaculirostris edwardsii.jpg]]

The subfamily includes the following genera and tribes:{{Cite journal | last1=Joseph | first1=L. | last2=Toon | first2=A. | last3=Schirtzinger | first3=E.E. | last4=Wright | first4=T.F. | last5=Schodde | first5=R. | date=2012 | title=A revised nomenclature and classification for family-group taxa of parrots (Psittaciformes) | journal=Zootaxa | volume=3205 | issue=1 | pages=26–40 | doi=10.11646/zootaxa.3205.1.2}}{{Cite journal | last1=Joseph | first1=L. | last2=Merwin | first2=J. | last3=Smith | first3=B.T. | date=2020 | title=Improved systematics of lorikeets reflects their evolutionary history and frames conservation priorities | journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology | volume=120 | issue=3 | pages=201–215 | doi=10.1080/01584197.2020.1779596| bibcode=2020EmuAO.120..201J }}{{cite web| editor1-last=Gill | editor1-first=Frank | editor1-link=Frank Gill (ornithologist) | editor2-last=Donsker | editor2-first=David | editor3-last=Rasmussen | editor3-first=Pamela | editor3-link=Pamela Rasmussen | date=July 2021 | title=Parrots, cockatoos | work=IOC World Bird List Version 11.2 | url=https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/parrots/| publisher=International Ornithologists' Union | accessdate=24 July 2021 }}

Tribe Loriini:

Tribe Melopsittacini:

Tribe Cyclopsittini:

References

{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q212669}}

Category:Bird subfamilies

Category:Parrots

Category:Taxa named by Prideaux John Selby