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Luisia

{{Short description|Genus of orchids}}

{{automatic taxobox

| image = Luisia psyche - Curtis' 92 (Ser. 3 no. 22) pl. 5558 (1866).jpg

| image_caption = Illustration of Luisia psyche from Curtis's Botanical MagazineWalter Hood Fitch (1817-1892) del. et lith. Description by James Bateman (1811-1897) - "Curtis's Botanical Magazine" vol. 92 (Ser. 3 no. 22) pl. 5558

| display_parents = 3

| taxon = Luisia

| authority = Gaudich.{{WCSP |115513 |Luisia}}

| type_species = Luisia teretifolia

| type_species_authority = Gaudich.

| synonyms_ref =

| synonyms =

}}

Luisia, commonly known as velvet orchids{{cite book|last1=Jones|first1=David L.|title=A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories|date=2006|publisher=New Holland|location=Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.|isbn=1877069124|page=436}} or 钗子股属 (chai zi gu shu),{{cite web |last1=Chen |first1=Xinqi |last2=Wood |first2=Jeffrey J. |title=Luisia |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=119086 |publisher=Flora of China |accessdate=24 December 2018}} is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids in family Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus have flattened roots, long leafy stems, narrow, thick, leathery leaves and short-lived flowers that open sporadically. There are about forty species found from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Western Pacific.

Description

Orchids in the genus Luisia are epiphytic or lithophytic, monopodial herbs with long, fibrous stems and thick, more or less flattened roots. A large number of cylinder-shaped, narrow leathery leaves are arranged along the stems. Up to ten resupinate, usually small, fleshy flowers are arranged on a short, thickened flowering stem and open sporadically. Each flower has a short, curved stalk and petals that are longer than the sepals. The labellum is large and fleshy with an upper epichile separated by a groove from the lower concave hypochile. The labellum has a rigid connection to the column.{{cite web |author1=D.L.Jones |author2=T.Hopley |author3=S.M.Duffy |author1-link=David L. Jones (botanist) |year=2010 |access-date=28 May 2021 |url=http://www.canbr.gov.au/cpbr/cd-keys/RFKOrchids/key/rfkorchids/Media/Html/genera/Luisia.htm |title=Luisia |website=Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids |publisher=Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government}}{{cite book |last1=Pridgeon |first1=Alec M. (ed.) |last2=Cribb |first2=Phillip J. (ed.) |last3=Chase |first3=Mark W. (ed.) |last4=Rasmussen |first4=Finn N. (ed.) |title=Genera Orchidacearum |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=9780199646517 |pages=204–208}}

Taxonomy and naming

The genus Luisia was first formally described in 1829 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré and the description was published in Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne.{{cite web|title=Luisia|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/501554|publisher=APNI|accessdate=24 December 2018}}{{cite book |last1=Guadichaud-Beaupré |first1=Charles |title=Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne. Botanique |date=1829 |location=Paris |pages=[https://archive.org/details/mobot31753002711742/page/n441 426]–427 |url=https://archive.org/details/mobot31753002711742 |accessdate=24 December 2018}} The name Luisia honours Don Luis de Torres who assisted the French expedition at Guam.{{cite web |title=Luís de Torres |url=https://www.guampedia.com/luis-de-torres/ |publisher=Guampedia |accessdate=24 December 2018}}

Distribution

Orchids in the genus Luisia occur in Bhutan, China, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Guinea the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, Micronesia and Melanesia.

Species list

The following is a list of species of Luisia accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at December 2018:

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Intergeneric hybrids

  • x Aeridisia (Aerides x Luisia)
  • x Aeridovanisia (Aerides x Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Ascogastisia (Ascocentrum x Gastrochilus x Luisia)
  • x Debruyneara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Dominyara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia x Rhynchostylis )
  • x Gastisia (Gastrochilus x Luisia)
  • x Gastisocalpa (Gastrochilus x Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
  • x Goffara (Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
  • x Luascotia (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia)
  • x Luicentrum (Ascocentrum x Luisia)
  • x Luichilus (Luisia x Sarcochilus)
  • x Luinetia (Luisia x Neofinetia)
  • x Luinopsis (Luisia x Phalaenopsis)
  • x Luisanda (Luisia x Vanda)
  • x Luistylis (Luisia x Rhynchostylis )
  • x Luivanetia (Luisia x Neofinetia x Vanda)
  • x Pageara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
  • x Papilisia (Papilionanthe x Luisia) One species of Papilionanthe was re-classified as a hybrid with this genus (× Papilisia taiwaniana)
  • x Pomatisia (Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
  • x Scottara (Aerides x Arachnis x Luisia)
  • x Trautara (Doritis x Luisia x Phalaenopsis)

References

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Category:Vandeae genera

Category:Epiphytic orchids