Lyme Brook
{{Short description|Stream in Staffordshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox river
| name = Lyme Brook
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| image = Lyme Brook from the A500 (geograph 5002718).jpg
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| image_caption = Lyme Brook from the A500
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| pushpin_map = Staffordshire
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| pushpin_map_caption= Lyme brook within Staffordshire
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = England
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| subdivision_type3 = Counties
| subdivision_name3 = Staffordshire
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| length = {{convert|4.1|km|mi|abbr=on}}Length from Pool Dam to the confluence with the Trent. Jenkins 1963
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| mouth =
| mouth_location = Hanford, Staffordshire
| mouth_coordinates = {{coord|52.979|-2.203|display=inline,title}}
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| extra = Progression : Lyme Brook—Trent—Humber
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Lyme Brook is a tributary stream of the River Trent, which flows through Newcastle-under-Lyme, and the outlying areas of Stoke-on-Trent in Staffordshire, England.{{cite book| last=Ordnance Survey| authorlink=Ordnance Survey |title=118 Stoke-on-Trent & Macclesfield |publisher=Ordnance Survey |year=2006 |series=OS Landranger Map Series| isbn=9780319229064}}{{cite web|url=http://maps.environment-agency.gov.uk/wiyby/wiybyController?topic=wfd_rivers&layerGroups=default&lang=_e&ep=map&scale=7&x=420369.21874999994&y=349517.93750000005#x=385623&y=344723&lg=1,7,8,9,5,6,&scale=8|work=What's in your Backyard|publisher=Environment Agency|title=Water Framework Directive - River Basin Management Plans|accessdate=11 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304193105/http://maps.environment-agency.gov.uk/wiyby/wiybyController?topic=wfd_rivers&layerGroups=default&lang=_e&ep=map&scale=7&x=420369.21874999994&y=349517.93750000005#x=385623&y=344723&lg=1,7,8,9,5,6,&scale=8|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}
Course
Prior to the 20th century the upper course of the brook could be traced through the area to the north of Newcastle, but subsequent development and culverting means that only parts are now visible.{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=53354 |title=Newcastle-under-Lyme: Introduction |editor=J. G. Jenkins |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |year=1963 |work=A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 8 |accessdate=20 June 2014 }}
To the south of Newcastle town centre, the brook joins together with a number of its tributaries including the Silverdale and the Ashfield brooks. This area between Rotterdam and Pool Dam was important historically, as the water from the brooks was dammed to form a protective pool around the ‘new’ motte-and-bailey castle in the 12th century, after which the town is named.
From Pool Dam, the brook has been designated as main river, which flows south-east in a narrow valley, between Clayton and Trent Vale, where it forms the boundary between Newcastle and Stoke. The brook then passes next to the Clayton Wood Training Ground and under the A500 dual carriage-way, joining the Trent near Hanford.
The catchment or drainage basin lies between that of the Fowlea Brook to the north and east, and that of the Park brook to the south, and has an area of {{convert| 31|km2|mi2}}.
Floods
File:Road bridge over Lyme Brook -geograph- 2464396-by-Carl-Farnell.jpg
The brook is capable of causing flooding, and was the subject of a flood alleviation scheme in the 1990s by the National Rivers Authority. The completed scheme was commemorated by a sculpture on the Brook Lane bridge, known as The Return. The 1995 carved stone sculpture by local artist Ian Randall, shows a cascade of fish returning to the brook.{{cite web| url = http://www.pmsa.org.uk/pmsa-database/7437/ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160303231535/http://www.pmsa.org.uk/pmsa-database/7437/ | url-status = dead | archive-date = 3 March 2016 |work=National Recording Project |title=The Return |publisher=public monuments and sculpture association |accessdate=20 June 2014}}
A flood warning service is provided for the brook, and encompasses areas at risk such as, Brook Lane, Hatrell Street and the Lyme Valley sports fields.{{cite web| url= http://apps.environment-agency.gov.uk/flood/34681.aspx?area=033FWF3LYME01 |work= Flood Warning Area Detail |publisher=Environment Agency|title= Lyme Brook at Newcastle under Lyme and Trent Vale |accessdate=11 May 2014}}
Pollution and ecology
Along with other watercourses draining the Potteries such as Ford Green Brook and the Fowlea Brook, Lyme brook suffered from pollution as the area developed following the Industrial Revolution with sewage effluent from Newcastle being discharged into the brook. The building of sewerage treatment works removed the gross pollution, but problems still persisted.{{cite web |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=53375 |title=Stoke-upon-Trent: Local government, economic history and social life |editor=J. G. Jenkins |publisher=Institute of Historical Research |year=1963 |work=A History of the County of Stafford: Volume 8 |accessdate=20 June 2014 }}
Lyme brook is classed as having poor ecological quality {{cite web |title=Lyme Brook Catchment |url=https://environment.data.gov.uk/catchment-planning/WaterBody/GB104028053340 |website=Department for Environment Food & Rural Affairs |access-date=24 August 2022}} under the Water Framework Directive, having improved from bad in 2015. The bands in the five part framework scale are high, good, moderate, poor and bad. Problems include poor water quality and low levels of aquatic ecology.{{cite news|url=http://www.stokesentinel.co.uk/Bad-rating-polluted-brook/story-18209773-detail/story.html|title=Bad rating for polluted brook|date= 2013| accessdate=20 May 2014|newspaper=The Sentinel}}{{cite web| url = http://www.thepotteries.org/waterways/rivers_brooks.htm |work= Canals and Waterways | title= Rivers and Brooks of Stoke on Trent |publisher= thepotteries.org | accessdate= 14 March 2014}} Work to improve the brook is continuing and examples of improvement include the return of Brown Trout. {{cite web |title=Brown trout return to Newcastle-under-Lyme |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/brown-trout-return-to-newcastle-under-lyme |website=Gov.uk |access-date=24 August 2022}}
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References
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Category:Rivers of Staffordshire