Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat
{{short description|Islamic religious movement in Pakistan}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=April 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox political party
|name = Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat
|native_name = {{nq|مجلسِ تحفظِ ختمِ نبوت}}
|logo =
| leader1_title = Leader
| leader1_name = Sahibzada Hamid Raza
| secretary_general= Pir Afzal Qadri
| leader2_title =
| leader2_name =
| colorcode = #228B22
| colors = Green
| foundation = Darul Aloom Hanafia, Lahore
| founder = Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi
| founded = 1950
| ideology = Khatam an-Nabiyyin
| website = http://www.khatm-e-nubuwwat.org
}}
{{Islam}}
{{Sunni Islam |width=22.0em}}
Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat ({{langx|ur|مجلسِ تحفظِ ختمِ نبوت|translation="The Assembly to Protect the End of Prophethood"}}) is the programmatic name of a Pakistani Barelvi organization and Islamic religious movement in Pakistan aiming to protect the belief in the finality of prophethood of Muhammad based on Quran and Sunnah concept of Khatam an-Nabiyyin.{{Cite journal|last=Kamran|first=Tahir|date=November 2015|title=The Pre-History of Religious Exclusionism in Contemporary Pakistan: Khatam-e-Nubuwwat 1889–1953*|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/modern-asian-studies/article/abs/prehistory-of-religious-exclusionism-in-contemporary-pakistan-khatamenubuwwat-18891953/DCD5EAD377AC1AA426F7404AD7847C74|journal=Modern Asian Studies|language=en|volume=49|issue=6|pages=1840–1874|doi=10.1017/S0026749X14000043|s2cid=147186918|issn=0026-749X}} It was founded by Mohammad Abdul Ghafoor Hazarvi in 1950 with Zafar Ali Khan, Abdul Hamid Qadri Badayuni, Khwaja Qamar ul Din Sialvi, Syed Faiz-ul Hassan Shah, Ahmad Saeed Kazmi, Abdul Sattar Khan Niazi, Pir of Manki Sharif Amin ul-Hasanat, Muhammad Karam Shah al-Azhari, Sardar Ahmad Qadri and Muhammad Hussain Naeemi. Later on the prominent Barelvi leaders Shah Ahmad Noorani, Shaikh ul Quran Allama Ghulam Ali Okarvi, Pir Muhammad Alauddin Siddiqui, Muhammad Shafee Okarvi, Syed Shujaat Ali Qadri, Iftikharul Hasan Shah and Khalid Hasan Shah also joined them to oppose the Ahmadiyya Movement.{{cite web |url=http://www.ahrar.org.pk/Monthly_Naqeeb/Naqeeb2012/naqeebNov2012/Naqeeb.html |title=.::Majlis.e.ahrar.e.islam Pakistan |website=www.ahrar.org.pk |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323032003/http://www.ahrar.org.pk/Monthly_Naqeeb/Naqeeb2012/naqeebNov2012/Naqeeb.html |archive-date=2014-03-23}}
After Independence of Pakistan
The roots of Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat can be traced back to the 1880s when Mirza Ghulam Ahmad of Qadian proclaimed himself to be a prophet in Islam. The organization gained momentum during the 1953 riots against Ahmadi Muslims. The Court of enquiry report on the disturbances explains the real reasons for this violent uprising against Ahmadiyya. Main reasons being criticism of Ahmadi was due to the theological differences and using the Ahmadiyya issues by Muslim conservatives to gain political mileage. The rioters had three major demands:
- Removal of Sir Muhammad Zafarullah Khan from the foreign ministry
- Removal of Ahmadi Muslims from top government offices;
- Declaration of Ahmadis as non-Muslims.
The movement launched countrywide campaigns and protests to persecute Ahmadis across the nation. Majlis, along with many religious leaders, spearheaded this movement to declare Ahmadis as non-Muslims.[https://storyofpakistan.com/mufti-mehmood#prettyPhoto Profile of Mufti Mahmood on storyofpakistan.com website] Retrieved 9 April 2019
Ahmadis declared Non-Muslims in 1974
Many Islamist theologians Pakistan particularly Ulama-I-Ahle-Sunnat under the leadership of Shah Ahmad Noorani Siddiqui started a successful campaign against the Ahmadis and compelled the members of the National Assembly to declare Ahmadis as non-Muslims. And such a clause was inserted in the 1973 Constitution of Pakistan declaring that followers of Mirza Ghulam Ahmed are non-Muslims by Second Amendment to the Constitution of Pakistan. After meeting the first agenda, Khatme-Nabuwat started the next phase of their campaign – to force Ahmadis to comply with the new law. They started demanding legal sanctions on Ahmadis barring them from using the title of Muslim. This campaign was at its peak when Shah Ahmad Noorani and Punjab-based Khalid Hasan Shah were leading the Kul Jamaati Majlis-e-Amal Tahafuz-e-Khatam-e-Nabuwat in 1984 and 1985. The then president General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq passed an ordinance in 1984 amending the Pakistan Penal Code (PPC) that called for punitive sanctions on Ahmadis in 1984, commonly known as Ordinance XX.[http://www.thepersecution.org/50years/paklaw.html Pakistan and Ahmadis (Government of Pakistan - Law for Ahmadis) on The Gazette of Pakistan - a government website] Published 26 April 1984, Retrieved 10 April 2019
Present
The TLP political party opposes any change in the blasphemy law of Pakistan and also claims the hanging of Mumtaz Qadri was unjustifiable. They demand that Sharia law be established as law of Pakistan through a gradual legal and political process.[https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2018/07/31/the-rise-and-rise-of-tehreek-e-labbaik/ The rise and rise of Tehreek-e-Labbaik] Pakistan Today (newspaper), Updated 31 July 2018, Retrieved 10 April 2019 This is a Sunni majority group and most of its members belong to Barelvi school of thought.Kalbe Ali, [https://www.dawn.com/news/1248570 Who is leading this sit-in?] Dawn (newspaper), 29 March 2016, Accessed 10 April 2019
=Restoration of Khatm e Nabuwat Bill=
{{Main|2017 Tehreek-e-Labaik protest}}
The government of Pakistan uses the word "oath". This word was changed to "declaration" in "Elections Bill 2017", by government authorities. Country wide objections arose about this change, Minister of Law Zahid Hamid said "The statement of objects and reasons of the amended in order to avoid controversy, there is a consensus among the political parties in the National Assembly that the original text of ‘Declaration and oath by the person nominated”, included in original form-1A should be restored in toto'.{{ cite web | url=http://nation.com.pk/06-Oct-2017/na-passes-bill-to-restore-khatm-e-nabuwat-oath
| title= National Assembly passes bill to restore Khatm-e-Nabuwat oath| website=The Nation (newspaper)|date=6 October 2017|access-date= 10 April 2019}} Tehreek Labbaik Pakistan, being a pro-Muslim party, went on to protests. The protests occurred in whole country including federal capital, Islamabad.{{cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/tehreek-labbaik-campaigns-blasphemy-180705154014562.html |title=Tehreek-e-Labbaik: New far right campaigns against 'blasphemy'|date=6 July 2018|author=Asad Hashim|publisher=Aljazeera News website|accessdate=10 April 2019}}{{cite web | url=https://bakarabu.wordpress.com/2017/01/10/short-introduction-to-allama-khadim-hussain-rizvi/ | title= Short Introduction to Allama Khadim Hussain Rizvi|author= Abu Bakar |
website=www.worldprss.com |date=10 January 2017| access-date=10 April 2019}}
Khadim Hussain Rizvi declared to continue the protests until their demands were met.{{ cite web | url=https://timesofislamabad.com/tehreek-labaik-ya-rasool-allah-saw-protest-continue/2017/11/09/ | title=Tehreek Labaik Ya Rasool Allah (SAW) protest continue |work=Times of Islamabad |date=9 November 2017|access-date=10 April 2019}} In November 2017, government restored the previous version of the blasphemy law and Khatm e Nabuwat. They continued their protests even after restoration of words for Khatm-e-Nabuwat for elections bill. According to this Tehreek, it was a plan to weaken Khatm-e-Nabuwat. The Tehreek demanded resignations of Zahid Hamid for he was held responsible for the change of words and Rana Sanaullah Khan for his pro-Ahmadiyya speeches. The government cut off food and water supply to participants of sit-in but they declared to continue the protests until all of their demands were fulfilled.[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-42124446 Pakistan army called on to stop 'blasphemy' clashes in Islamabad] bbc.co.uk website, Retrieved 10 April 2019
The political unrest caused economic damage to the country.[https://www.pakistantoday.com.pk/2016/03/31/islamabad-metro-bus-station-resumes-service-after-damage-of-rs12m/ Islamabad Metro bus station resumes service after bearing damage of Rs12m]. Pakistan Today (newspaper), 31 March 2016, Accessed 10 April 2019
Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference
Annual Khatm-e-Nubuwwat Conference is held every year at Jamia Masjid Ahrar Rabwah under the aegis of Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat and Majlis-e-Ahrar-e-Islam.{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}
See also
References
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nabuwwat}}
Category:Barelvi organizations