Malyuta Skuratov
{{Short description|Russian executioner (d. 1573)}}
{{Expand Russian|fa=yes|topic=bio|date=June 2020}}Image:Sedov ivan maluta.jpg.]]
Grigory Lukyanovich Skuratov-Belskiy ({{langx|ru|Григорий Лукьянович Скуратов-Бельский}}),{{Cite web |url=http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/history/kluchev/kllec29.htm |title=Григорий Яковлевич Плещеев-Бельский – по сведениям В. О. Ключевского |access-date=2016-06-04 |archive-date=2012-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120223214345/http://www.magister.msk.ru/library/history/kluchev/kllec29.htm |url-status=dead }} better known as Malyuta Skuratov ({{lang|ru|Малюта Скуратов}}) (? – January 1, 1573) was one of the leaders of the Oprichnina during the reign of Ivan the Terrible.
Biography
image:Смерть митрополита Филиппа.jpg in order to kill him]]
Malyuta Skuratov rose to prominence in 1569 for his role in the trial and execution of Prince Vladimir of Staritsa, Ivan IV's only cousin and a possible claimant to the throne of the Tsardom of Russia.[http://www.vostlit.info/Texts/rus6/Staden/frametext3.htm Генрих Штаден. О Москве Ивана Грозного. М. и С. Сабашниковы. 1925]
In December 1569, by order of Ivan the Terrible, Malyuta Skuratov strangled a former Metropolitan of Moscow, Philip II (in office: 1566–1568) for his criticism of the Oprichnina.{{Cite book|title= Russia: A History and an Interpretation|last1= Florinsky|first1= Michael, T.|publisher= The Macmillan Company|location= New York|chapter= 8|page= 184|edition= 11|year= 1966|volume= 1}}
In January 1571 Skuratov led a punitive expedition against Novgorod, killing thousands of its citizens on suspicion of treason. In 1571 Skuratov was put in charge of the investigation into the causes of the Russian army's defeat by the army of the Crimean Khan Devlet I Giray.[http://www.kultura-portal.ru/tree_new/cultpaper/article.jsp?number=635&rubric_id=1000037 Заплечных дел мастер] {{webarchive|url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120612095904/http://www.kultura-portal.ru/tree_new/cultpaper/article.jsp?number=635&rubric_id=1000037 |date= 2012-06-12 }}
Malyuta Skuratov was killed during the siege of Weissenstein (present-day Paide in Estonia) in the Livonian War in 1573. He lies buried near the grave of his father Lukian Afanasyevich Belskiy ({{langx |ru| Лукьян Афанасьевич Бельский}}) in the Joseph-Volokolamsk Monastery.{{Cite web |url= http://www.modernlib.ru/books/skrinnikov_ruslan/ivan_grozniy/read_16/ |title= Электронная библиотека. Иван Грозный |access-date= 2016-06-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180407184128/http://modernlib.ru/books/skrinnikov_ruslan/ivan_grozniy/read_16/ |archive-date=2018-04-07 |url-status= dead }}
One of Skuratov's daughters, Maria Grigorievna, married the boyar Boris Godunov in 1570 and thus became Tsaritsa as the consort of Godunov in 1598. His other daughter, {{ill|Yekaterina Grigorievna Shuiskaya|ru|Шуйская, Екатерина Григорьевна}}, who poisoned Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky in 1610,{{cn|date=April 2024}} married Prince Dmitry Ivanovich Skopin-Shuisky in 1572.
Media
= Movies =
- Ivan the Terrible (1944/1958; portrayed by Mikhail Zharov)
- Tsar Ivan the Terrible (1991), portrayed by Andrey Martynov
- Tsar, a 2009 Russian drama film directed by Pavel Lungin.
=Literature=
- The Master and Margarita by Mikhail Bulgakov: in the chapter entitled "Satan's Great Ball", Bulgakov makes a passing but arguably important [https://books.google.com/books?id=l7Lfid4fFM4C&dq=bulgskov+skuratov&pg=PA284 reference] to the figure of Skuratov.
References
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Category:16th-century Russian people
Category:Russian military personnel killed in action
Category:Year of birth unknown
Category:People from the Tsardom of Russia
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