Manggar
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Manggar
| settlement_type = Town/District
| image_skyline = COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Administrateurswoning van de Billiton Maatschappij te Manggar TMnr 10007281.jpg
| image_caption = House of a Billiton Maatschappij in Manggar in the time of the Dutch East Indies
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| map_caption = Location of Manggar in Bangka Belitung
| pushpin_map = Indonesia Bangka Belitung
| coordinates = {{coord|2|53|24|S|108|16|12|E|region:ID_source:kolossus-ruwiki|display=inline, title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{INA}}
| subdivision_type1 = Province
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|Flag of Bangka-Belitung.svg}} Bangka Belitung
| subdivision_type2 = Regency
| subdivision_name2 = 15px East Belitung
| established_title =
| established_date = 9 October 1871{{cite web |title=DPRD Beltim Gelar Paripurna hingga Makan Bedulang Hari Jadi Manggar ke-146|url=https://www.belitungtimurkab.go.id/?p=7811 |accessdate=27 March 2019 |language=id-ID}}
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| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes = {{cite web |title=Kecamatan Manggar Dalam Angka 2018 |url=https://belitungtimurkab.bps.go.id/publication/2018/09/26/60f3fd027f814d919a8447d6/kecamatan-manggar-dalam-angka-2018.html |publisher=Statistics Indonesia |language=id}}
| area_total_km2 = 229
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| population_est = 39,135
| pop_est_as_of = 2020 Census
| population_density_km2 = auto
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| timezone = Indonesia Western Time
| utc_offset = +7
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Manggar ({{zh|c=芒加尔 }}) is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung, Indonesia which is a port on the east coast of Belitung Island, and is the seat of the East Belitung Regency. The town was founded as a tin mining town in the 19th century.
History
In the 1860s, Dutch prospectors of the Billiton Maatschappij explored the area and established the mining district of Burung Mandi Lenggang. In 1863, a tin mine was established on the right banks of the Manggar River, and the district was renamed to Manggar district in 1866. Manggar was opened to immigration of foreign orientals on 8 October 1871, which is selected as the establishment date for the district.{{cite news |title=Yuslih Ceritakan Sejarah Manggar |url=https://inapos.com/yuslih-ceritakan-sejarah-manggar/ |accessdate=27 March 2019 |work=Ina Pos |date=10 October 2017 |language=id}}
In late 1945, during the early stages of the Indonesian National Revolution, Dutch authorities reoccupied the town although they encountered some resistance from the newly formed Indonesian Armed Forces.{{cite book |last1=Nasution |first1=Abdul Haris |title=Sekitar perang kemerdekaan Indonesia: Agresi Militer Belanda. cet. 1. 1978 |date=1977 |publisher=DISJARAH-AD |pages=419–420 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RGZY07ocGwoC |language=id}} After Indonesian independence, the Manggar District was one of the four districts comprising the island of Belitung by the 1980s.{{cite journal |last1=Heidhues |first1=Mary F. Somers |title=Company Island: A Note on the History of Belitung |journal=Indonesia |volume=51 |date=1991 |issue=51 |pages=1–20 |doi=10.2307/3351063 |issn=0019-7289|jstor=3351063 |hdl=1813/53949 |hdl-access=free }} Manggar became the seat of the East Belitung Regency after its formation in 2003.{{cite web |title=Manggar, Kampung Laskar Pelangi yang Eksotis |url=https://pesona.travel/destinasi/728/manggar-kampung-laskar-pelangi-yang-eksotis |website=Pesona Indonesia |publisher=Ministry of Tourism |accessdate=27 March 2019 |language=id-ID}}
Demographics
39,135 people lived in Manggar at the 2020 Census - making it the most populous district in East Belitung and the second most populated in the island behind Tanjung Pandan. The sex ratio is 104.5 males to 100 females.
Administration
The district of Manggar is further subdivided into nine villages. Out of these, three - Kelubi, Buku Limau and Bentaian Jaya - are classified by Statistics Indonesia as "rural" (desa), while the rest are "urban" (kelurahan).{{cite web |title=PERATURAN KEPALA BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK NOMOR 37 TAHUN 2010 |url=https://sirusa.bps.go.id/webadmin/doc/MFD_2010_Buku_1.pdf |accessdate=27 March 2019 |page=665 |language=id}}
| class="wikitable" | ||
| Village | Area (in km2) | Population (2020 Census)Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. |
|---|---|---|
| Kelubi | 85.91 | 2,690 |
| Padang | 96.00 | 7,519 |
| Lalang | 3.25 | 4,909 |
| Lalang Jaya | 1.38 | 3,515 |
| Kurnia Jaya | 2.40 | 5,549 |
| Baru | 2.70 | 9,564 |
| Buku Limau | 3.90 | 694 |
| Bentaian Jaya | 32.09 | 1,622 |
| Mekar Jaya | 1.37 | 3,073 |
For elections of East Belitung's municipal council, Manggar shares an electoral district with the neighboring district of {{ill|Simpang Renggiang|id|Simpang Renggiang, Belitung Timur}}.{{cite web |title=Daerah Pemilihan dan Alokasi Kursi Anggota Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah Kabupaten Belitung Timur dalam Pemilihan Umum tahun 2019 |url=https://infopemilu.kpu.go.id/download/dapil/dprdkab/25316_BELITUNG_TIMUR.pdf |publisher=KPU |accessdate=27 March 2019 |language=id}}
Notable people
- Yusril Ihza Mahendra (born 1956), lawyer and national politician.{{cite news |title=Profil Yusril Ihza Mahendra |url=https://www.viva.co.id/siapa/read/22-yusril-ihza-mahendra |accessdate=27 March 2019 |work=VIVA |date=11 October 2016 |language=id}}
- Basuki Tjahaja Purnama (born 1966), Governor of Jakarta (2014-2017).{{cite news |last1=Yunita |first1=Niken Widya |title=11 Riwayat Hidup Basuki Tjahaja Purnama alias Ahok yang akan Bebas 24 Januari |url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-4371165/11-riwayat-hidup-basuki-tjahaja-purnama-alias-ahok-yang-akan-bebas-24-januari |accessdate=27 March 2019 |work=detiknews |date=4 January 2019 |language=id}}