Mantiqueira Mosaic
{{Infobox protected area
| name = Mantiqueira Mosaic
| alt_name = Mosaico Mantiqueira
| iucn_category =
| photo = Serrinha 5.jpg
| photo_alt =
| photo_caption = Serrinha do Alambari
| map = Brazil
| map_alt =
| relief = yes
| location =
| nearest_city =
| coordinates = {{coord|22.695583|S|45.568386|W|region:BR|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| area = {{convert|445,615|ha}}
| designation = Protected area mosaic
| created = 11 December 2006
| administrator = Conselho Consultivo do Mosaico Mantiqueira
| world_heritage_site =
}}
The Mantiqueira Mosaic ({{langx|pt|Mosaico Mantiqueira}}) is a protected area mosaic that contains conservation units in the states of Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Minas Gerais, Brazil. The conservation units are of different types and are managed at the federal, state or municipal level. The mosaic provides a level of integrated and coordinated management.
Location
The Serra da Mantiqueira is one of the largest of the mountain ranges of southeastern Brazil, extending over parts of the states of São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais.
These states produce half the gross domestic product (GDP) of Brazil.
Altitudes range from {{convert|700|m}} to the {{convert|2798|m}} Pedra da Mina.
The range contains Atlantic Forest vegetation of great ecological importance, including meadows, forest and enclaves of Araucaria angustifolia forest.
It supplies water to rivers including the Paraná, Verde, Grande, Jaguari River, Sapucaí, Sapucaí-Mirim and Paraíba do Sul.
These are important sources of water for the metropolitan region of São Paulo and most of the state of Rio de Janeiro.{{sfn|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}
History
A project to create three new protected area mosaics in the Serra do Mar Ecological Corridor began in December 2005, coordinated by the National Council of the Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve.
These were the Bocaina Mosaic, Central Rio de Janeiro Atlantic Forest Mosaic and Mantiqueira Mosaic.
Funding was provided by Conservation International, the Fund for the Global Environment Facility (GEF), the Government of Japan, the MacArthur Foundation and the World Bank.{{sfn|Corredor ecológico da Serra do Mar – FMA}}
The Mantiqueira Mosaic was created by decree 351 of 11 December 2006.{{sfn|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}
The Ministry of the Environment gave the mosaics formal structure in March 2007.
Their purpose is to give integrated management of different conservation units in a region, including federal, state, municipal and private units, which may be different form of strictly protected or sustainable use unit.{{sfn|Corredor ecológico da Serra do Mar – FMA}}
The conservation units within the mosaic are in different stages of development.
The fully protected areas are making progress to completing the land regularization process, where the titles of former owners are transferred to the state after compensation.
Most of the units have consultative councils, but only a few have developed detailed management plans.
The consultative council of the mosaic is composed of managers of the component units, some of whom represent more than one unit, and representatives of civil society.{{sfn|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}
Extent
The mosaic includes 17 public conservation units and several private natural heritage reserves.
It covers about {{convert|729138|ha}}, of which {{convert|434108|ha}} corresponds to the Serra da Mantiqueira Environmental Protection Area.{{sfn|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}
Conservation units include:{{sfn|Unidades de Conservação - Mosaico Mantiqueira – ICMBio}}{{sfn|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}
| class="wikitable sortable" | ||||
| Unit | Level | Area (ha) | Created | State |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cachoeira da Fumaça e Jacuba Natural Park | Municipal | style="text-align:right;"| 363 | 2009 | Rio de Janeiro |
| Campos do Jordão Environmental Protection Area | State | style="text-align:right;"| 28,800 | 1984 | São Paulo |
| Campos do Jordão State Park | State | style="text-align:right;"| 8,341 | 1941 | São Paulo |
| Fernão Dias Environmental Protection Area | State | style="text-align:right;"| 180,073 | 1997 | Minas Gerais |
| Itatiaia National Park | Federal | style="text-align:right;"| 30,000 | 1937 | Rio de Janeiro Minas Gerais |
| Lorena National Forest | Federal | style="text-align:right;"| 249 | 2001 | São Paulo |
| Mananciais de Campos do Jordão State Park | State | style="text-align:right;"| 503 | 1993 | São Paulo |
| Mananciais do Rio Paraíba do Sul Environmental Protection Area | Federal | style="text-align:right;"| 336,416 | 1982 | São Paulo Minas Gerais Rio de Janeiro |
| Passa Quatro National Forest | Federal | style="text-align:right;"| 350 | 1968 | Minas Gerais |
| Pedra Selada State Park{{sfn|Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada – INEA}} | State | style="text-align:right;"| 8,036 | 2012 | Rio de Janeiro |
| Rio Pombo Nature Park (formerly Serrinha do Alambari Municipal Park) | Municipal | style="text-align:right;"| 6.7 | 2009 | Rio de Janeiro |
| São Francisco Xavier Environmental Protection Area | State | style="text-align:right;"| 11,559 | 2002 | São Paulo |
| Sapucaí Mirim Environmental Protection Area | State | style="text-align:right;"| 39,800 | 1998 | São Paulo |
| Serra da Mantiqueira Environmental Protection Area | Federal | style="text-align:right;"| 434,108 | 1985 | Minas Gerais Rio de Janeiro São Paulo |
| Serra do Papagaio State Park | State | style="text-align:right;"| 22,917 | 1998 | Minas Gerais |
| Serrinha do Alambari Environmental Protection Area | Municipal | style="text-align:right;"| 5,760 | 1991 | Rio de Janeiro |
On 28 December 2010 the Pedra do Baú Natural Monument was created with {{convert|3154|ha}}, a state conservation unit in the municipality of São Bento do Sapucaí.{{sfn|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}
Notes
{{notes}}
{{reflist|30em}}
Sources
{{refbegin}}
- {{citation|ref={{harvid|Corredor ecológico da Serra do Mar – FMA}}|language=Portuguese|title=Corredor ecológico da Serra do Mar|date=20 December 2006|publisher=FMA: Folha do Meio Ambiente|journal=Acervo da Folha do Meio|url=http://folhadomeio.com.br/publix/fma/folha/2006/12/serra174.html|accessdate=2016-09-22|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923053852/http://folhadomeio.com.br/publix/fma/folha/2006/12/serra174.html|archivedate=23 September 2016}}
- {{citation|ref={{harvid|o mosaico mantiqueira – Mosaico}}|language=Portuguese
|title=o mosaico mantiqueira|publisher=Mosaico Mantiqueira
|url=http://www.mosaicomantiqueira.org.br/site/o-mosaico/|accessdate=2016-09-26}}
- {{citation|ref={{harvid|Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada – INEA}}|language=Portuguese
|title=Parque Estadual da Pedra Selada|publisher=INEA
|url=http://www.inea.rj.gov.br/Portal/Agendas/BIODIVERSIDADEEAREASPROTEGIDAS/UnidadesdeConservacao/INEA_008422|accessdate=2016-09-26}}
- {{citation|accessdate=2016-09-26|language=Portuguese|ref={{harvid|Unidades de Conservação - Mosaico Mantiqueira – ICMBio}}
|title=Unidades de Conservação - Mosaico Mantiqueira|publisher=ICMBio
|url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/mosaicosecorredoresecologicos/moscaicos-reconhecidos-oficialmente/83-ucs-mosaicos-e-corredores/1878-unidades-de-conservacao-mosaico-mantiqueira}}
{{refend}}
{{authority control}}
Category:Protected area mosaics of Brazil
Category:Protected areas of Rio de Janeiro (state)
Category:Protected areas of São Paulo (state)