Marianne Lederer

Marianne Lederer was born in Paris in 1934. Her father, Edgar Lederer was an internationally renowned bio-chemist of Austrian descent and her mother Hélène Fréchet was French. She was the eldest of four sisters and three brothers. Before the Second World War, the family lived in Vienna in Austria, and in Leningrad in the Soviet Union, where her father had a position at the Vitamin institute. The family returned to Paris, but was forced to flee during the 1940 exodus and refugee crisis. After studying literature at the Sorbonne and after several language stays in the United Kingdom and the United States, Lederer obtained her diploma as a French-English-German conference interpreter from the School of Translators and Interpreters, which was then located at the HEC Paris. She is also a member of AIIC.{{Cite web |title=Find an interpreter - AIIC |url=https://www.aiic.org/site/world/recruit/findaninterpreter |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=www.aiic.org}}

As a fresh interpreter graduate in 1958, she got the opportunity to interpret for a three-month-long American mission to Tunisia with the OCEC (the predecessor to OECD), the other interpreter for the mission was Danica Seleskovitch. According to the biography of Danica Seleskovitch, this mission marked the start of their collaboration both as interpreters and researchers as well as their life-long friendship. During the development of the Interpretive Theory of Translation, Lederer was the sounding board and discussant of Seleskovitch. When developing the theory, Lederer focused on simultaneous interpretation and Seleskovitch on consecutive interpretation.

In 1978, Lederer obtained a doctorate from the University of Paris 4-Sorbonne on Simultaneous translation: Theoretical foundations (La traduction simultanée - Experience et Théorie).{{Cite book |last=Lederer |first=Marianne |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8594508 |title=La traduction simultanée : expérience et théorie |date=1981 |publisher=Lettres modernes |isbn=2-256-90799-6 |location=Paris |oclc=8594508}} She was appointed professor at the University of Paris XII-Val de Marne in 1979, where she founded the departement of foreign languages and headed that same department until 1985.{{Cite web |title=Marianne Lederer |url=https://www.babelio.com/auteur/Marianne-Lederer/249832 |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=Babelio |language=fr}} In 1985, she took up a position at the Ecole Supérieure d'Interprètes et de Traducteurs (ESIT) at the University of Paris 3, where she had been teaching since 1969.{{Citation |title=ESIT - Les années Dauphine: Marianne Lederer |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hj_QqK-sZyE |language=en |access-date=2022-05-10}} She was the head of ESIT from 1990 to 1999. Until her retirement in September 2002, she directed the Centre for Research and Translatology at the Université Paris 3 - Sorbonne Nouvelle.

The launch of the Interpretive Theory of Translation,{{Cite book |last=Lederer |first=Marianne |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/877033671 |title=Translation : the Interpretive Model. |date=2014 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-306-58071-7 |oclc=877033671}} in the 1970s promoted translation as a triangular process rather than a linear coding.{{Citation |title=Axe N° 2 - Module N° 1 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wdn99VJ4pHM |language=en |access-date=2022-03-15}} The theory has heavily influenced translation and interpretation pedagogy throughout the world.{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=Yang |date=2014-09-01 |title=An Application of the Interpretive Theory to the Press Conference Interpreting |url=http://www.academypublication.com/issues/past/tpls/vol04/09/19.pdf |journal=Theory and Practice in Language Studies |volume=4 |issue=9 |pages=1898–1903 |doi=10.4304/tpls.4.9.1898-1903 |issn=1799-2591}} Marianne Lederer's work on the Interpretive Theory has been widely used in teaching of interpreting, and her works have been translated into English, Chinese, Georgian, Arabic, Serbian, Korean, Hungarian, Dutch, Spanish and Persian.{{Cite journal |last=Whitfield |first=Agnès |date=2019-10-30 |title=The Circulation in English of Voices Theorizing Translation in French: Which Voices, When, and Why (or Why not) |url=https://journals.openedition.org/palimpsestes/4373 |journal=Palimpsestes. Revue de traduction |language=en |issue=33 |pages=154–170 |doi=10.4000/palimpsestes.4373 |s2cid=210553454 |issn=1148-8158|url-access=subscription }}

Together with Danica Seleskovitch, she was one of the first translators to break away from the structural linguistics, which still dominated in the 1970s. This was done by placing the translator at the centre of the process, and to turn to other disciplines, such as psychology and neuropsychology, to explain the cognitive process of interpreting and translation.{{Cite web |last=Bhatia |first=Priti |title=Interpretation: Myth and Reality |url=https://www.modlingua.com/research/791-interpretation-myth-and-reality-indian-perspective.html |access-date=2022-03-15 |website=Certified Translation and Interpreting, New Delhi India Modlingua |language=en-gb}} She is also one of the founders and promotors of the so called Paris-school of interpreting which promotes interpreting into a mother tongue or L1.{{Cite book |last=Pöchhacker |first=Franz |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/936040253 |title=Introducing interpreting studies |date=2016 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-317-30441-8 |edition=2 |location=London |pages=69|oclc=936040253 }}

Lederer is co-editor of Forum, an international journal of interpretation and translation, published by John Benjamins Publishing Company, member of the International Association of Conference Interpreters (AIIC), and the European Society of Translation Studies (EST). In 2002, she received The Danica Seleskovitch Prize{{Cite web |title=Marianne Lederer |url=http://www.danica-seleskovitch.org/lederer.html |access-date=2022-03-07 |website=www.danica-seleskovitch.org}}{{Cite web |last=Torres |first=Patricia |title=Danica Selescovitch Prize – Colegio Nacional de Licenciados en Traducción e Interpretación |url=https://conalti.org/danica-selescovitch-prize/ |access-date=2022-03-15 |language=es-ES}} for prominent work for interpreters and research into interpreting.

Lederer retired in 2002, but has continued to publish and research as an active researcher and is affiliated to the CLESTHIA research group{{Cite web |last=Blestel |first=Elodie |title=Université Sorbonne Nouvelle - Paris 3 - CLESTHIA - Langage, systèmes, discours - EA 7345 |url=http://www.univ-paris3.fr/clesthia-langage-systemes-discours-ea-7345-98241.kjsp?RH=1180965642044 |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=www.univ-paris3.fr |language=fr-FR}} at the Sorbonne Nouvelle University. In November 2011, she was awarded the Joseph Zaarour medal at the Saint Joseph University of Beirut for her contributions to Translation and Interpreting Studies{{Cite web |date=2011-11-16 |title=Hommage à Marianne Lederer à l'ETIB |url=https://www.lorientlejour.com/article/731754/_Hommage_a_Marianne_Lederer__a_l%2527ETIB.html |access-date=2022-05-10 |website=L'Orient-Le Jour}}

• 1978: Simultaneous Interpretation — Units of Meaning and other Features. In: Gerver D., Sinaiko H.W. (eds) Language Interpretation and Communication. NATO Conference Series, vol 6. Boston, MA: Springer. {{doi|10.1007/978-1-4615-9077-4_28}}
• 1981: La traduction simultanée - Experience et Théorie, [Simultaneous translation: Experience and Theory]. Paris: Minard Lettres Modernes. {{isbn|2-256-90799-6}}
• 1984: Interpréter pour traduire, [Interpreting to translate] with D. Seleskovitch, Paris: Didier Erudition. 5th edition by Les Belles Lettres in 2014 {{isbn|9782251700045}}
• 1990: The role of cognitive complements in interpreting. In Bowen, D. and Bowen, M.(eds) Interpreting–Yesterday. Today, and Tomorrow. Binghamton: American Translators Association Scholarly Monograph Series, 4, 53-60. {{doi|10.1075/ata.iv.11led}}
• 1995: A Systematic Approach to Teaching Interpretation, with D. Seleskovitch, (translated by Jacolyn Harmer). Washington: RID. {{isbn|9780916883133}}
• 2003: Translation – The Interpretive Model, (translated by Ninon Larché). London: Routledge. {{isbn|9781900650618}}
• 2007: Can Theory Help Translator and Interpreter Trainers and Trainees? The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 1 (1), 15-35. {{doi|10.1080/1750399X.2007.10798748}}

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Category:1934 births

Category:Living people