Marione Ingram
{{Short description|German-born Activist}}
{{Orphan|date=March 2024}}
Marione Ingram (né Marione Oestreicher; born November 19, 1935){{Cite news |last=Iken |first=Katja |date=2021-09-06 |title=Holocaust-Überlebende Marione Ingram: »Steh auf! Kämpfe! Versteck dich nie mehr!« |url=https://www.spiegel.de/geschichte/holocaust-ueberlebende-marione-ingram-steh-auf-kaempfe-versteck-dich-nie-mehr-a-b0cc4839-cfcd-4502-a828-d6f15d1ee82c |access-date=2024-02-26 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}} is a German-born civil rights activist, Holocaust survivor, author and artist.{{Cite web |title=Marione Ingram |url=https://granta.com/contributor/marione-ingram/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Granta |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |title=Talk with Contemporary Witness Marione Ingram |url=https://www.kz-gedenkstaette-neuengamme.de/en/news/news/talk-with-contemporary-witness-marione-ingram/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=www.kz-gedenkstaette-neuengamme.de |language=en}}{{Cite news |last=Loftus |first=Lauren |date=2015-08-04 |title=Holocaust survivor turned civil rights activist: 'We're back where we were' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/books/holocaust-survivor-turned-civil-rights-activist-were-back-where-we-were/2015/08/04/13f1db78-378d-11e5-b673-1df005a0fb28_story.html |access-date=2024-02-26 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}} In recent years, she has been a vocal critic of Israel's assault on Gaza.{{Cite web |title=Never Again: Holocaust Survivor Marione Ingram on Israel's Assault on Gaza & Her Decades of Activism |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2023/11/8/part_2_holocaust_survivor_marione_ingram |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Democracy Now! |language=en}}
Early life
File:Marione_and_Daniel_Ingram_at_a_Protest.jpgIngram was born and raised in Hamburg, Germany.{{Cite web |last=Geise |first=Tom |date=2023-04-18 |title=Jewish Community Center welcomes human rights activist, holocaust survivor |url=https://www.wktv.com/news/jewish-community-center-welcomes-human-rights-activist-holocaust-survivor/article_1acad288-de5b-11ed-aa85-af9c4105144d.html |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=WKTV NewsChannel2 |language=en}}{{Cite web |last=Sheir |first=Rebecca |date=2013-03-08 |title='The Hands of War': A Washingtonian Reflects On Childhood Consumed By Conflict |url=https://wamu.org/story/13/03/08/the_hands_of_war_a_washingtonian_reflects_on_childhood_consumed_by_conflict/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=WAMU |language=en}} Her mother was Jewish, while her father, Emil Oestreicher was not;{{Cite web |last=Linde-Lembke |first=Heike |date=2016-01-12 |title=Keine Kindheit in Hamburg |url=https://www.juedische-allgemeine.de/unsere-woche/keine-kindheit-in-hamburg/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Jüdische Allgemeine |language=de}} they married in 1934, prior to the outlawing of such marriages under the Nuremberg Laws.{{Cite news |date=2013-07-26 |title=Operation "Gomorrha": Die Bombardierung von Hamburg 1943 |url=https://www.spiegel.de/fotostrecke/operation-gomorrha-die-bombardierung-von-hamburg-1943-fotostrecke-110410.html |access-date=2024-02-26 |work=Der Spiegel |language=de |issn=2195-1349}} This allowed Ingram and her two sisters to avoid initial deportations of German Jews, although her father was targeted by the SS during the war because of his communist and pacifist beliefs. To avoid further suspicion or violence, Emil joined the Luftwaffe, secretly also providing help to the German resistance.
Ingram's maternal grandmother, Rosa Stinger, was deported and killed in 1941. Many relatives from her mother's side of the family were killed. In July 1943, Ingram's mother received notice that she and her daughters would be deported, and sent the girls to hide with relatives. She then attempted suicide, which was unsuccessful due to Ingram's intervention, as the seven-year-old had returned to the apartment. However, the two were not deported due to the bombing of Hamburg during Operation Gomorrah a few days later. During the bombing, Ingram and her mother were unable to stay in bomb shelters due to their Jewish identity. Following the bombing, the two went into hiding for a year and a half, until the end of the war. Her father and two sisters also survived the war.
She immigrated to the United States in 1952, shortly before her 17th birthday.
Activism
File:Marione_and_Daniel_Ingram_at_a_Pro-Ukraine_Protest.jpg
In the United States she saw the racism experienced by African Americans, and connected it to the persecution she had experienced as a Jew in Germany.{{Cite web |last=Mosco |first=Steve |date=2013-04-15 |title=Holocaust survivor recalls war-torn childhood – QNS.com |url=https://qns.com/2013/04/holocaust-survivor-recalls-war-torn-childhood/ |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=qns.com |language=en-US}} This ultimately led Ingram to join the American Civil Rights Movement, and open a Freedom School in Mississippi. In the 1960s, Ingram volunteered with the 1963 March on Washington and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee as part of the 1964 Freedom Summer project.
Starting in 2023, Marione Ingram and her husband Daniel began protesting the Gaza war by demonstrating in front of the White House and calling for a ceasefire.{{Cite web |title=Holocaust Survivor Condemns Israeli Assault & Calls for Peace |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2023/11/8/marione_ingram_omer_bartov_holocaust_gaza |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Democracy Now! |language=en}} In response to her calls for a ceasefire, Ingram claimed that her talks in Hamburg, Germany had been cancelled.{{Cite web |title=Holocaust Survivor Marione Ingram Decries Climate of Censorship After Her Hamburg Talks Are Canceled |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2024/1/18/gaza_israel_palestine_solidarity_censorship |access-date=February 26, 2024 |website=Democracy Now}} In 2023, she publicly called for President Joe Biden to stop supporting the genocide in Gaza.{{Cite web |title=Vigils Held for Aaron Bushnell After Self-Immolation Death to Protest Gaza Genocide |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2024/2/27/headlines/vigils_held_for_aaron_bushnell_after_self_immolation_death_to_protest_gaza_genocide |access-date=2024-02-27 |website=Democracy Now! |language=en}}
Ingram has also been a vocal critic of Donald Trump and his administration. During Trump's second term she highlighted the parallels she sees between 1930s Germany and contemporary America under Trump's administration.{{Cite web |last=Zangas |first=John |date=2025-02-08 |title=Holocaust Survivor Warns Trump and Musk Threaten U.S. Republic |url=https://dcmediagroup.us/2025/02/07/holocaust-survivor-warns-trump-and-musk-threaten-u-s-republic/ |access-date=2025-04-22 |website=DCMediaGroup |language=en-US}}
Publications
File:Marione_Ingram's_Books.jpg
Marione Ingram has authored two books based on her life experience. The first book, The Hands of War: A Tale of Endurance and Hope, from a Survivor of the Holocaust, recounts her experience as a child survivor of the Holocaust.{{Cite web |title=The Hands of War |url=https://www.skyhorsepublishing.com/9781620871850/the-hands-of-war |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Skyhorse Publishing |language=en-US}} Her second book, The Hands of Peace: A Holocaust Survivor's Fight for Civil Rights in the American South, recounts her experiences during the American Civil Rights Movement, including working on campaigns in Mississippi.{{Cite web |title=The Hands of Peace |url=https://www.skyhorsepublishing.com/9781632202895/the-hands-of-peace |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Skyhorse Publishing |language=en-US}}{{Cite web |date=2015 |title=The Hands of Peace: A Holocaust Survivor's Fight for Civil Rights in the American South {{!}} Jewish Book Council |url=https://www.jewishbookcouncil.org/book/the-hands-of-peace-a-holocaust-survivors-fight-for-civil-rights-in-the-american-south |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=www.jewishbookcouncil.org |language=en}}
Personal life
Ingram is married to Daniel Ingram. The couple have one son and two grandchildren, and currently live in Washington, D.C..
Following the reelection of Ronald Reagan, Ingram and her husband, Daniel, moved to Europe in protest. They moved back to the United States in the early 2000s.