Markušica

The municipality has a total area of {{cvt|74.29|km2}}.{{Cite web |url=http://markusica.hr/images/uploads/PPUO_markusica_usvojen_plan_16_01_2007.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160128192219/http://markusica.hr/images/uploads/PPUO_markusica_usvojen_plan_16_01_2007.pdf |archive-date=2016-01-28 |url-status=dead }} River Vuka flows through the municipality and territory of the municipality is completely flat, very fertile black soil. It is connected by D518 highway with the rest of the country.

One Scordisci archaeological site in Markušica dating back to late La Tène culture was excavated in the 1970s and 1980s as a part of rescue excavations in eastern Croatia.{{cite journal |last1=Dizdar |first1=Marko |date=2016 |title=Late La Tène Settlements in the Vinkovci Region (Eastern Slavonia, Croatia): Centres of Trade and Exchange. |url=https://www.austriaca.at/0xc1aa5576%200x003437f9.pdf |journal= Boii - Taurisci: Proceedings of the International Seminar, Oberleis-Klement, June 14th-15th, 2012 |pages=31–48 |publisher=Austrian Academy of Sciences Press |access-date=22 January 2019 }} Archaeological site was a part of the settlement network of Scordisci in the area of Vinkovci.

Markušica was one of the feudal villages that existed in the region before the Ottoman rule in Hungary.Marković, M. (2003). Istočna Slavonija: Stanovništvo i naselja. Naklada Jesenski i Turk. Zagreb. After the end of Great Turkish War the village was settled by Eastern Orthodox Vlachs from surrounding areas and the eastern Bosnia. In 1736 there were 40 inhabited houses in Markušica. In 1866 this number increased at 192 houses and 1003 inhabitants out of which 902 were Eastern Orthodox.

Colonist settlements of Ada, Gaboš, Križevci, Podrinje, and Šodolovci were established on the territory of the village municipality during the land reform in interwar Yugoslavia.{{cite journal|first= Zdenka|last= Šimončić-Bobetko|title= Kolonizacija u Hrvatskoj 1919.—1941. godine|lang= hr|trans-title= Colonization in Croatia Between 1919 and 1941|year= 1990|volume= 9|issue= 9|url= https://hrcak.srce.hr/107372|journal= Povijesni prilozi|publisher= Hrvatski institut za povijest|location= Zagreb|issn= 0351-9767|pages= 160–162}}

The modern day Municipality of Markušica was established by the decision of the United States diplomat and at the time Transitional Administrator for Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium Jacques Paul Klein. As the region was directly governed as an UN protectorate Transitional Administrator was the highest authority responsible for administrative affairs. Markušica Municipality was established as one of new predominantly Serb municipalities in order to ensure access to local self-government to Serb community in the region. Prior to the decision, the international community expressed concerns over the perceived gerrymandering, disenfranchisement of refugees and minority representation.{{cite report |author=Benjamin Ward |date=December 1999 |title=Croatia's Democracy Deficit: A Pre-electoral Assessment |url=https://www.hrw.org/reports/CRO%20-%20Croatia's%20Democracy%20Deficit%20December%201999_2.pdf |publisher=Human Rights Watch |access-date=29 August 2020 }}

There are 2 555 inhabitants, the majority of the population which are Serbs, who make up 90.10% of the population according to the 2011 population census.{{Croatian Census 2011|E|16}}

{{see also|Minority languages of Croatia}}

Due to the local minority population, the Markušica municipality prescribes the use of not only Croatian as the official language, but the Serbian language and Serbian Cyrillic alphabet as well.Izvješće o provođenju ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina i o utošku sredstava osiguranih u državnom proračunu Republike Hrvatske za 2008. godinu za potrebe nacionalnih manjina, Zagreb, 2009.{{cite web|url=http://www.nipp.hr/UserDocsImages/Registar%20geografska%20imena%20nacionalnih%20manjina%20RH.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2013-03-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029211333/http://www.nipp.hr/UserDocsImages/Registar%20geografska%20imena%20nacionalnih%20manjina%20RH.pdf |archive-date=2013-10-29 }}{{cite web |publication-date=2024-11-28 |date=November 2023 |title=Izvješće o provođenju Ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina i o utrošku sredstava osiguranih u Državnom proračunu Republike Hrvatske za 2023. godinu za potrebe nacionalnih manjina |url=https://vlada.gov.hr/UserDocsImages//2016/Sjednice/2024/Listopad/28_sjednica_VRH//28%20-%2015.docx?lang=ro |website=Vlada Republike Hrvatske |archive-date=2025-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250430005044/https://vlada.gov.hr/UserDocsImages//2016/Sjednice/2024/Listopad/28_sjednica_VRH//28%20-%2015.docx?lang=ro |language=hr}}{{rp|2}} As of 2023, most of the legal requirements for the fulfillment of bilingual standards have been carried out. Official buildings do have Cyrillic signage, as do street signs and seals, but not traffic signs. Cyrillic is used most official documents, but there is a lack of Cyrillic fluency among public legal and administrative servants. Of all the municipalities in Croatia in which Cyrillic is co-official, it is most actively used by the administration in Markušica and Borovo.{{rp|133,134}} Preserving traditional Serbian place names and assigning street names to Serbian historical figures is legally mandated and carried out.{{rp|135}}

Most of the population are Serbian Orthodox that are practicing their religion in the church that was built in 1810 and re-built in 1989.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}}

The Municipality of Markušica is one of seven Serb majority member municipalities within the Joint Council of Municipalities, inter-municipal sui generis organization of ethnic Serb community in eastern Croatia established on the basis of Erdut Agreement. As Serb community constitute the majority of the population of the municipality it is represented by 2 delegated Councillors at the Assembly of the Joint Council of Municipalities, double the number of Councillors to the number from Serb minority municipalities in Eastern Croatia.{{cite news |date=1 August 2017 |title=Konstituisan 6. saziv Zajedničkog veća opština l |url=https://p-portal.net/konstituisan-6-saziv-zajednickog-veca-opstina/ |language=sr |location=Zagreb |publisher=Privrednik }}

The municipality assembly is composed of 13 representatives, plus additional seats for municipality minority groups if they don't get the proportional number of seats. Assembly members come from electoral lists winning more than 5% of votes. The dominant party in the municipality since the reintegration of eastern Slavonia in 1998 is Independent Democratic Serb Party. 681 or 33,32 % out of 2.044 voters participated in 2017 Croatian local elections with 93,69 % valid votes.{{cite web |url=http://www.izbori.hr/izbori/ws.nsf/54F87B28512ED1B6C12581460039375B/$FILE/Z16_VUKOVARSKO_SRIJEMSKA_ZUPANIJA.pdf |title=Informacija o izborima članova predstavničkih tijela jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave i općinskih načelnika, gradonačelnika i župana te njihovih zamjenika - 2017 (Vukovarsko-srijemska županija) |access-date=15 January 2018 |language=hr |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081246/http://www.izbori.hr/izbori/ws.nsf/54F87B28512ED1B6C12581460039375B/$FILE/Z16_VUKOVARSKO_SRIJEMSKA_ZUPANIJA.pdf |archive-date=16 January 2018 |url-status=dead }} With 92,80% and 632 votes, Budimir Brača from Independent Democratic Serb Party was elected as municipality major. As of 2017, the member parties/lists are:

{{election table|title=Summary of the 2017 Croatian local elections}}

|- style="background-color:#E9E9E9" align=center

!colspan=2|Party

!Votes

!%

!Seats

|-

| bgcolor=#C50200|

|align=left valign=top|Independent Democratic Serb Party||638||100,00||13

|-

|align=left colspan=2|Invalid/blank votes||43||6,31||—

|-

|align=left colspan=2|Total||681||100||—

|-

|align=left colspan=2|Registered voters/turnout||2.044||33,32||—

|-

|align=left colspan=8|

File:Markušica Local Elections 2017.png

|-

|align=left colspan=8|Source page 57-58 {{in lang|hr}}

|}

Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting tasks for the local or regional authorities in which they are advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.{{Cite web |url=https://www.tportal.hr/vijesti/clanak/manjinski-izbori-prve-nedjelje-u-svibnju-krecu-i-edukacije-20230313 |title=Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije |date= 13 March 2023 |author= |publisher=T-portal |access-date=2 May 2023}} At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Serbs of Croatia fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members minority councils of the Markušica Municipality.{{cite web|url=https://www.izbori.hr/site/UserDocsImages/2023/Manjinski%20izbori%202023/Rezultati/Z16_VUKOVARSKO_SRIJEMSKA_ZUPANIJA.pdf | title=Informacija o konačnim rezultatima izbora članova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. XVI. VUKOVARSKO-SRIJEMSKA ŽUPANIJA | date=2023 | author= | publisher=Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske | page=17 | language=hr | access-date=3 June 2023}}

Markušica is an underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.{{cite web |url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?id_clanak_jezik=24709&show=clanak |last1=Lovrinčević |first1=Željko |last2=Davor |first2=Mikulić |last3=Budak |first3=Jelena |publisher=Ekonomski pregled, Vol.55 No.5-6 |title=AREAS OF SPECIAL STATE CONCERN IN CROATIA- REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT DIFFERENCES AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS |date=June 2004 |access-date=25 August 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818150557/https://hrcak.srce.hr/index.php?id_clanak_jezik=24709&show=clanak |archive-date=18 August 2018 }}

{{unreferenced section|date=December 2014}}

Markušica Municipality is famous for a monument dedicated to a soldier killed in World War II. The village has a unique monument to a female Soviet pilot from the Red Army, who fought against the Nazis and whose plane was shot down here. The village also has an Eastern Orthodox Church from 1810, which was damaged in {{clarify span|text=the war in Croatia.|explain=Which one? Please provide wikilink.|date=December 2014}}

The village has a volunteer fire department.{{cite web|url=http://www.vukovarsko-srijemska-zupanija.com/upload/paragrafi_upload/2009-4-17_31616186_prilog9popisvatrogpostrnovi.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-10-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120430133216/http://www.vukovarsko-srijemska-zupanija.com/upload/paragrafi_upload/2009-4-17_31616186_prilog9popisvatrogpostrnovi.pdf |archive-date=2012-04-30 }}

The municipality consists of the following settlements:{{Croatian Census 2011|S|16|6106}}

• Gaboš, population 516
• Karadžićevo, population 194
• Markušica, population 1,009
• Ostrovo, population 612
• Podrinje, population 224

• Vukovar-Srijem County
• Church of Pentecost, Markušica
• Joint Council of Municipalities

{{commons category|Markušica}}

{{Reflist}}

{{Geographic location

| Centre = Markušica (municipality)

| North = Tordinci
Ernestinovo

| Northeast =

| East = Nuštar

| Southeast = Vinkovci

| South = Jarmina

| Southwest = Ivankovo
Semeljci

| West = Šodolovci

| Northwest =

}}

{{Markušica Municipality}}

{{Subdivisions of Vukovar-Srijem County}}

{{Villages of Vukovar-Syrmia County}}

{{Joint Council of Municipalities}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Markusica}}

Category:Municipalities of Croatia

Category:Populated places in Vukovar-Srijem County

Category:Populated places in Syrmia

Category:Joint Council of Municipalities

Category:Serb communities in Croatia

Category:Archaeological sites in Croatia

Category:La Tène culture