Marne (department)

The department is named after the Marne, which was called Matrona in Roman times.

Marne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on March 4, 1790. It was created from the province of Champagne.

Marne has a long association with the French Army. The training ground of the Camp Militaire de Mailly straddles the border with the département of Aube in the south while that of the Camp de Mourmelon occupies a large area north of Châlons-en-Champagne. The smaller Camp de Moronvilliers lies to the east of Reims and the Camp Militaire de Suippes lies to the east of that. These are all located on the chalk grounds of the Champagne plateau, a feature comparable in geology but not size, with the British military training ground on Salisbury Plain.

The Battles of the Marne, where the British and French fought against Germany during World War I, took place here.

Marne is part of the region of Grand Est and is surrounded by the departments of Ardennes, Meuse, Haute-Marne, Aube, Seine-et-Marne, and Aisne.

Geologically, it divides into two distinct parts; the Upper Cretaceous chalk plain in the east and the more wooded and hilly Eocene and Oligocene in the west.

Rivers draining the department include the Marne, Vesle, Ardre and Somme-Soude. Numerous other rivers, such as the Grande and the Petite Morin rise in the department but flow mainly in others. Conversely, the Aube joins the Seine in the department of Marne.

The most populous commune in the department is Reims; the prefecture Châlons-en-Champagne is the second-most populous. As of 2019, there are five communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:

{| class=wikitable

! Commune

! Population (2019)

|-

| Reims

| style="text-align: center;" | 181,194

|-

| Châlons-en-Champagne

| style="text-align: center;" | 44,379

|-

| Épernay

| style="text-align: center;" | 22,433

|-

| Vitry-le-François

| style="text-align: center;" | 11,376

|-

| Tinqueux

| style="text-align: center;" | 10,294

|}

The inhabitants of the department are called Marnais.

Population development since 1801:{{historical populations|cols=2|align=none|percentages=pagr|footnote=Sources:{{Cite web|url=http://splaf.free.fr/51his.html|title=Historique de la Marne|website=Le SPLAF}}{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-51|title=Évolution et structure de la population en 2016|publisher=INSEE}}|graph-pos=bottom

|13=1801|14=304,651|15=1806|16=311,017|17=1821|18=307,644|19=1831|20=337,076|21=1841|22=356,632|23=1851|24=373,302|25=1861|26=385,498|27=1872|28=386,157|29=1881|30=421,800|31=1891|32=434,734|33=1901|34=432,882|35=1911|36=436,310|37=1921|38=366,734|39=1931|40=412,156|41=1936|42=410,238|43=1946|44=386,926|45=1954|46=415,141|47=1962|48=442,135|49=1968|50=485,388|51=1975|52=530,399|53=1982|54=543,627|55=1990|56=558,217|57=1999|58=565,229|59=2006|60=565,841|61=2011|62=566,571|63=2016|64=570,883}}

The president of the Departmental Council is Christian Bruyen, elected in 2017.

{| class="wikitable"

|-

!colspan="2"|Election!!Winning Candidate!!Party!!%!!2nd Place Candidate!!Party!!%

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|La République En Marche!}}" |

| 2022

| Emmanuel Macron

| LREM

| 52.10

| Marine Le Pen

| FN

| 47.90

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|La République En Marche!}}" |

| 2017{{Cite web | url=https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Elections/Les-resultats/Presidentielles | title=Présidentielles |website=Ministère de l'Intérieur |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240213160726/https://www.interieur.gouv.fr/Elections/Les-resultats/Presidentielles/ |archive-date= Feb 13, 2024 }}

| Emmanuel Macron

| LREM

| 57.01

| Marine Le Pen

| FN

| 42.99

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|Union for a Popular Movement}}" |

| 2012

| Nicolas Sarkozy

| UMP

| 55.31

| François Hollande

| PS

| 44.69

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|Union for a Popular Movement}}" |

| 2007

| Nicolas Sarkozy

| UMP

| 59.20

| Ségolène Royal

| PS

| 40.80

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|Rally for the Republic}}" |

| 2002

| Jacques Chirac

| RPR

| 79.83

| Jean-Marie Le Pen

| FN

| 20.17

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|Rally for the Republic}}" |

| 1995{{Cite web | url=https://www.politiquemania.com/presidentielles-1995-departement.html | title=Résultats de l'élection présidentielle de 1995 par département - Politiquemania }}

| Jacques Chirac

| RPR

| 54.53

| Lionel Jospin

| PS

| 45.47

|}

{| class="wikitable"

|-

!colspan="2"|Constituency!!Member{{Cite web|url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/|title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français|first=Assemblée|last=Nationale|website=Assemblée nationale}}!!Party

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|The Republicans (France)}}" |

| Marne's 1st constituency

| Xavier Albertini

| HOR

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|Renaissance (French political party)}}" |

| Marne's 2nd constituency

| Laure Miller

| RE

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|The Republicans (France)}}" |

| Marne's 3rd constituency

| Maxime Michelet

| LR

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|The Republicans (France)}}" |

| Marne's 4th constituency

| Lise Magnier

| HOR

|-

|style="background-color: {{party color|The Centrists}}" |

| Marne's 5th constituency

| Charles de Courson

| LC

|}

Reims, with its cathedral in which the kings of France were traditionally crowned, is a major attraction. Others include the bird reserve on the Lake Der-Chantecoq and the fishing lakes nearby. The Parc Naturel Régional de la Montagne de Reims is a major area of country recreation. In the west of the département there are many scenic routes as also are the several wine cellars of Épernay.

File:The Porte Mars, an ancient Roman triumphal arch in Reims dating from the 3rd century AD and the widest arch in the Roman world, Durocortorum (Reims, France) (9292412785).jpg|The Porte de Mars in Reims, a triumphal arch from the third century AD.

File:La Cathédrale de Reims .jpg|Cathedral of Reims where the kings of France were traditionally crowned

File:View of Épernay from Mont Bernon.jpg|Vineyards near Épernay

File:Reims 2008 -Wineries of Champagne- by-RaBoe 05.jpg|Champagne bottles

File:Valmy Windmuehle 01 09.jpg|Valmy Battlefield

File:Notredamedevaux-chevet.jpg|Notre-Dame-en-Vaux collegiate church in Châlons-en-Champagne

• Arrondissements of the Marne department
• Cantons of the Marne department
• Champagne Riots
• Communes of the Marne department
• French wine

{{EB1911 poster|Marne (department)|Marne}}

• {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.marne.gouv.fr/ Prefecture website]
• {{in lang|fr}} [https://marne.fr/ Departmental Council website]
• {{in lang|en|fr}} [https://www.tourisme-en-champagne.com/ Official Tourist Board]

{{Departments of France}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:1790 establishments in France

Category:Departments of Grand Est

Category:States and territories established in 1790