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2002 French presidential election

{{Short description|none}}

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}

{{Infobox election

| country = France

| type = presidential

| previous_election = 1995 French presidential election

| previous_year = 1995

| next_election = 2007 French presidential election

| next_year = 2007

| election_date = 21 April 2002 (first round)
5 May 2002 (second round)

| image1 = 160x160px

| nominee1 = Jacques Chirac

| party1 = Rally for the Republic

| popular_vote1 = 25,537,956

| percentage1 = 82.21%

| image2 = 160x160px

| nominee2 = Jean-Marie Le Pen

| party2 = National Front (France)

| popular_vote2 = 5,525,032

| percentage2 = 17.79%

| map_image = {{Switcher

| 300px

| First round results by department and region

| 300px

| Second round results by department and region

| default = 2

}}

| title = President

| before_election = Jacques Chirac

| before_party = Rally for the Republic

| after_election = Jacques Chirac

| after_party = Rally for the Republic

| turnout = 71.60% (first round) {{decrease}}6.78 pp
79.71% (second round) {{increase}}0.05 pp

}}

Presidential elections were held in France on 21 April 2002, with a runoff election between the top two candidates, incumbent Jacques Chirac of the Rally for the Republic and Jean-Marie Le Pen of the National Front, on 5 May. This presidential contest attracted a greater than usual amount of international attention because of candidate Le Pen's unexpected appearance in the runoff election.

Chirac ran for a second term, reduced to five years instead of seven previously by a 2000 referendum, emphasising a strong economy (mostly unaffected by downturns in Germany and the United States). It was widely expected that Chirac and Lionel Jospin, the outgoing cohabitation Prime Minister and nominee of the Socialist Party, would be the most popular candidates in the first round, thus going on to face each other in the runoff, with opinion polls showing a hypothetical Chirac versus Jospin second round too close to call. However, Jospin unexpectedly finished in third place behind Le Pen. Journalists and politicians claimed polls had failed to predict Le Pen's second-place finish in the general election, though his strong stance could be seen in the week prior to the election.{{cn|date=January 2022}} This led to serious discussions about polling techniques, the climate of French politics and especially the high numbers of candidates from the left-wing.

Although Le Pen's political party, the National Front, described itself as mainstream conservative, observers largely agreed in defining it as a far-right and nationalist party. As a protest, almost all French political parties called for their supporters to vote against Le Pen, most notably the Socialists, who were traditionally billed as the archrivals to Chirac's party. Chirac thus went on to win in the largest landslide in a presidential election in French history (greater even than that of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte in 1848, the first by direct ballot), winning over 82% of the vote.

The National Front would not appear again in the second round of the presidential election until 2017. After Chirac's victory, no French president would win a second term until Emmanuel Macron in 2022.

Background

The 2002 election was the first for which the president would be elected to a five-year, instead of a seven-year, term.

In the months before the election, the campaign had increasingly focused on questions of law and order, with a particular focus on crimes committed by young people, especially those of foreign origin. Lionel Jospin was, at the time, Prime Minister of France; the Jospin government was criticised for its "softness" on crime by its political opponents. Reporting on the TF1 and France2 television channel and other media also emphasized the alleged crime wave.{{cite news |url=http://www.liberation.fr/evenement/0101410648-l-insecurite-programme-prefere-de-la-tele |title=L'insécurité, programme préféré de la télé |newspaper=Libération |date=23 April 2002 |author=GARRIGOS Raphaël & ROBERTS Isabelle |access-date=21 February 2012|language=fr}}

Image:21avril.jpg|A response to the first round of elections, this spray-painted sign was seen on the streets of Paris. Translation: "April 21: I feel heartbroken".

Image:Paris May1 2002 DCP 8508.JPG|The 1 May 2002 Labour Day demonstrations for workers' rights included protests against Jean-Marie Le Pen.

Opinion polls

{{Main|Opinion polling for the 2002 French presidential election}}

;First round

File:Opinion polling for the French presidential election, 2002.png

;Second round (Chirac–Jospin)

File:Opinion polling for the French presidential election, 2002 Jospin–Chirac.png

Results

The first round of the election (on 21 April), which saw an exceptional number of 16 candidates, came as a shock to many commentators, almost all of whom had expected the second ballot to be between Jacques Chirac and Lionel Jospin. Indeed, it was this very expectation{{citation needed|date=April 2017}} that led to Jospin's downfall, with a plethora of "small party" left candidates (independent socialists and republicans, Green, Communist, Trotskyist, radical etc.) all intending to support him in the second round, but to raise their profile in the first, like Jean-Pierre Chevènement and Christiane Taubira. They cumulatively took enough votes away from Jospin to (unintentionally) prevent him from reaching the second round, which he could have won. Instead Jean-Marie Le Pen faced Chirac in the second ballot. The election brought the opinion polls and two-round voting system into question as well as raising many concerns about apathy and the way in which the left had become so divided as a result of the over democratic refusal of Jospin to strategically ask the nearest small parties of his own government coalition to withdraw, like the preceding leaders of the left had done for such an election.

There was a widespread stirring of national public opinion, and more than one million people in France took part in street rallies, in an expression of fierce opposition to Le Pen's ideas. Some held up protest signs stating "I'm ashamed to be French," which parodied Le Pen's party slogan, "Proud to be French." Spontaneous street protests began in the night from 21 to 22 April, then on 22 April and 23, then as follows:

  • 24 April: 60,000 people in the streets protesting against Le Pen's success
  • 25 April: 250,000 people in the streets protesting against Le Pen's success
  • 27 April: 200,000 people in the streets protesting against Le Pen's success (including 45,000 in Paris)
  • 1 May:
  • Approximately 20,000 people turned out for the National Front's yearly demonstration in Paris in honor of Joan of Arc and in support of Le Pen.
  • Between 900,000 (according to the Ministry of the Interior) and 1,300,000 people (according to syndicates){{cite magazine |url=http://www.slate.fr/story/27743/chiffres-police-syndicats-manifestations-retraites |title=Écarts entre les chiffres police/syndicats: record battu |magazine=Slate |author=Vincent Glad |date=29 September 2010 |access-date=21 February 2012|language=fr}} turned up to the Labor Day demonstrations and against the National Front. Hundreds of thousands of people who normally did not take part in such demonstrations came, in addition to the usual unions. In Paris, 500,000 people were seen in the streets, one of the greatest protest since the Liberation of Paris; the march was so big it had to be divided in three parts to reach the place de la Bastille.{{cite web |url=http://www.ina.fr/fresques/jalons/fiche-media/InaEdu01101/manifestation-a-paris-le-1er-mai-2002-contre-jean-marie-le-pen.html |title=Manifestation à Paris le 1er mai 2002 contre Jean-Marie Le Pen |publisher=Institut national de l'audiovisuel |date=1 May 2002 |access-date=21 February 2012|language=fr}} In another unusual sight for 1 May demonstrations, French tricolour flags were commonplace.

A 2025 study found that the protests against Le Pen "reduced the number of votes for Le Pen and abstention, while increasing the number of votes for the incumbent president, Jacques Chirac." The protests also "reduced support for the policies advocated by Le Pen. Moreover, the positive effect on voting for Chirac resulted from right-wing voters switching from Le Pen to Chirac and left-wing voters not casting a blank ballot, implying that some voters voted expressively. Finally, we show that protests reduced the social desirability of voting for Le Pen."{{Cite journal |last=Lagios |first=Nicolas |last2=Méon |first2=Pierre-Guillaume |last3=Tojerow |first3=Ilan |date=2025 |title=Media, Spillovers, and Social Norms: The Electoral Impact of Anti-Far Right Protests in the 2002 French Election |url=https://academic.oup.com/ej/advance-article/doi/10.1093/ej/ueaf001/7945204 |journal=The Economic Journal |language=en |doi=10.1093/ej/ueaf001 |issn=0013-0133|url-access=subscription }}

The choice between Chirac, who was under suspicion for actions carried out whilst he was mayor of Paris but benefited from presidential immunity as long as he stayed president, and Le Pen, a nationalist often accused of racism and antisemitism, was one that many found tough. Some people suggested going to vote with a clothes peg on their noses to express disgust when voting for Chirac, but this may have been illegal, because it is prohibited to advertise one's vote inside the voting precinct. In the days before the second ballot, a memorable poster was put up of Chirac with the slogan "Vote for the Crook, not the Fascist".{{cite news |url=http://www.liberation.fr/evenement/0101410636-votez-escroc-pas-facho |title=Votez escroc, pas facho! |newspaper=Libération |date=23 April 2002 |access-date=21 February 2012|language=fr |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130614015220/https://www.liberation.fr/evenement/0101410636-votez-escroc-pas-facho/ |archive-date=14 June 2013}} Chirac defeated Le Pen by a landslide.

{{Election results

|cand1=Jacques Chirac|party1=Rally for the Republic|votes1=5665855|votes1_2=25537956

|cand2=Jean-Marie Le Pen|party2=National Front|votes2=4804713|votes2_2=5525032

|cand3=Lionel Jospin|party3=Socialist Party|votes3=4610113

|cand4=François Bayrou|party4=Union for French Democracy|votes4=1949170

|cand5=Arlette Laguiller|party5=Workers' Struggle|votes5=1630045

|cand6=Jean-Pierre Chevènement|party6=Citizens' Movement|votes6=1518528

|cand7=Noël Mamère|party7=The Greens|votes7=1495724

|cand8=Olivier Besancenot|party8=Revolutionary Communist League|votes8=1210562

|cand9=Jean Saint-Josse|party9=Hunting, Fishing, Nature and Traditions|votes9=1204689

|cand10=Alain Madelin|party10=Liberal Democracy|votes10=1113484

|cand11=Robert Hue|party11=French Communist Party|votes11=960480

|cand12=Bruno Mégret|party12=National Republican Movement|votes12=667026

|cand13=Christiane Taubira|party13=Radical Party of the Left|votes13=660447

|cand14=Corinne Lepage|party14=Cap21|votes14=535837

|cand15=Christine Boutin|party15=Forum of Social Republicans|votes15=339112

|cand16=Daniel Gluckstein|party16=Workers' Party|votes16=132686

|invalid=997262|invalid2=1769307

|electorate=41194689|electorate2=41191169

|source=[http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/decision/2002/2002102PDR.htm List of candidates]{{·}} [https://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/decision/2002/2002109PDR.htm First round result]{{·}} [https://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/decision/2002/2002111PDR.htm Second round result]

}}

=First round=

==By department==

class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size:85%;"

!align=left| Department

!align=left| Jacques Chirac

!align=left| Jean-Marie Le Pen

!align=left| Lionel Jospin

!align=left| François Bayrou

!align=left| Arlette Laguiller

!align=left| Jean-Pierre Chevènement

!align=left| Noël Mamère

!align=left| Olivier Besancenot

!align=left| Jean Saint-Josse

!align=left| Alain Madelin

!align=left| Robert Hue

!align=left| Bruno Mégret

!align=left| Christiane Taubira

!align=left| Corinne Lepage

!align=left| Christine Boutin

!align=left| Daniel Gluckstein

!align=left| Electorate

!align=left| Votes

!align=left| Valid votes

!align=left| Invalid votes

Paris178,84169,658148,62458,92422,71449,34255,05025,4763,90548,40316,2997,61628,18918,28511,1192,4981,081,420759,030744,94314,087
Seine-et-Marne93,47289,71970,56630,95526,78630,14225,65418,29410,40219,10514,32314,73813,89510,0944,4002,414721,818488,201474,95913,242
Yvelines125,63581,90683,30549,16323,11635,85032,02217,1948,80930,07412,86111,12714,32415,05012,9771,965825,397567,885555,37812,507
Essonne86,56372,28676,21532,31924,61233,05928,02917,1397,19417,70215,5629,55615,55510,6274,5171,986681,706464,854452,92111,933
Hauts-de-Seine129,29764,20489,95847,83420,57235,16531,57016,2094,29031,96218,0869,04018,43213,6337,9961,749814,866551,789539,99711,792
Seine-Saint-Denis63,92070,32670,75720,73423,69925,38324,32514,9653,12913,98824,8569,78020,7905,5622,4311,831630,897406,465396,4769,989
Val-de Marne85,65863,39775,83831,86220,76430,33227,74815,8543,88921,64023,9648,63418,1908,9573,4121,926676,285452,910442,06510,845
Val-de Oise74,99472,17764,90327,25020,86026,40922,21713,8765,42717,40116,0638,83614,9818,0163,3401,802604,309408,658398,55210,106
Ardennes24,03830,82621,7677,5519,7995,6375,2075,8635,2833,9144,5484,8481,4901,8171,246664192,422138,608134,4984,110
Aube28,91530,00918,8828,6087,7316,4855,0724,9906,9065,6614,4173,6932,0712,4901,476734193,701142,924138,1404,784
Marne52,51049,34935,28719,66317,68212,11911,97310,0728,87210,8486,8677,2753,7784,9322,7241,180372,077262,980255,1317,849
Haute-Marne19,86222,35513,0575,6476,1954,4674,3204,7515,0943,8172,4702,9211,4871,6831,046549143,635103,70499,7213,983
Aisne49,28055,56240,20913,97221,36912,2309,37912,41210,6468,46210,2866,8313,2283,7272,3331,877366,934270,651261,8038,848
|Oise66,36282,58949,54921,59625,16718,73616,14214,71911,77612,92012,02911,6547,0286,5134,0642,004506,844373,919362,84811,071
Somme51,48847,72940,76418,73023,37212,24010,70412,86435,4137,57013,1096,3513,6094,6432,4511,598400,012302,856292,63510,221
Eure52,43253,12037,73717,57418,64012,67211,90912,63414,10410,1268,0077,9905,2175,1002,5551,523378,410280,875271,3409,535
Seine-Maritime113,65496,671100,01035,96346,96627,87229,29030,41522,32019,31527,17015,86111,25610,2975,4783,316837,659616,057595,85420,203
Cher33,27625,44923,6889,49311,1217,9506,5006,8878,8915,54910,3773,5972,8382,6081,728906228,120167,310160,8586,452
Eure-et-Loir40,16737,90528,63513,51111,7739,7928,5887,73110,4208,5104,6195,4124,0303,6762,6881,076278,123205,306198,5336,773
Indre26,71419,33120,8766,6318,2675,4894,6135,9599,4553,9855,6142,6012,0412,1401,635747176,678132,708126,0986,610
Indre-et-Loire53,50439,35944,62419,00917,79615,26314,36712,14312,73812,6887,6005,5035,7635,7643,8361,579381,130281,686271,53610,150
Loir-et-Cher32,00430,81824,49412,58710,1918,1317,1547,09511,0856,1635,6244,0382,8533,0031,772874232,656174,623167,8866,737
Loiret58,57557,52341,85721,18415,28615,85813,87610,78014,54612,3428,9638,9736,0176,1643,5421,330409,309306,712296,8169,896
Calvados63,58046,25851,51622,63124,20415,55617,27915,69822,46812,5117,5936,4976,9027,2563,8221,801458,071336,490325,57210,918
Manche64,96134,06934,99317,00117,00212,23310,16112,19220,3009,8514,9494,5674,3384,9193,0901,304358,965265,401255,9309,471
Orne35,94928,07620,34410,8139,8165,6856,7196,8398,6176,1643,0233,2292,5413,0772,190828214,215159,377153,9105,467
Côte-d'Or45,98343,39136,93318,26414,00916,66412,19510,5457,9999,9625,2586,2944,6495,0263,0131,350330,318249,448241,5357,913
Nièvre20,42119,13823,7756,2057,6566,2534,6275,7425,8693,6496,9782,5101,8211,7181,137693170,396123,135118,1924,943
Saône-et-Loire53,34649,44646,96817,73516,16714,36211,58913,28211,57312,9769,6047,4824,5154,3083,4901,479398,818291,043278,32212,721
Yonne33,44435,07122,80510,6519,2878,7747,1026,9457,0356,5515,2545,8212,8523,0101,752955235,687173,279167,3095,970
Nord209,977230,015199,03678,07185,68054,73356,41450,13141,88140,68457,63930,41515,11916,52812,2325,6311,721,2671,224,2011,184,18640,015
Pas-de-Calais121,943135,330128,43536,14661,39539,06627,99234,29147,11321,24739,55316,2197,8378,0236,5803,9741,047,845766,539735,14431,395
Meurthe-et-Moselle59,47858,51552,22220,54024,40718,50517,30715,6046,82111,31611,9798,8926,2116,0353,5421,770469,462333,211323,14410,067
Meuse19,30219,94313,9877,1266,4754,3764,4584,4414,4273,4792,2542,7641,5091,8651,129490138,972101,75198,0253,726
Moselle89,936112,09268,61130,90633,42121,67124,76220,3796,26115,50410,06116,0227,2718,0475,7392,823712,299491,118473,50617,612
Vosges37,93941,37928,11912,55513,37810,8608,94110,0516,2687,7984,1335,5333,1943,6812,6651,070283,175207,178197,5649,614
Bas-Rhin89,176112,55553,77257,49622,45921,71728,96816,4164,97322,2494,32018,6908,73410,1967,4162,202674,812498,750481,33917,411
Haut-Rhin61,64280,03036,72231,03317,71021,45220,44312,0273,43014,0153,70916,9715,7667,6196,0801,536478,443353,004340,18512,819
Doubs46,19046,98835,99315,51913,66722,40612,86211,2387,2039,1474,3057,6554,2564,7473,5281,180334,718256,375246,8849,491
Jura22,83724,13417,7569,3327,6059,6237,3156,9525,2565,5333,8734,1272,2532,5862,034838181,347137,575132,0545,521
Haute-Saône22,90828,41817,0916,7687,04711,0554,9575,9705,9634,3532,7254,3541,8781,9551,286634174,508133,163127,3625,801
Territoire de Belfort9,39314,8376,5483,3663,66712,8262,8192,6441,4271,6211,1792,6449091,06477733089,64468,46766,0512,416
Loire-Atlantique109,24767,214104,63146,01736,75329,60241,11131,91426,26724,31014,4668,77613,07214,59710,8843,305814,585603,023582,16620,857
Maine-et-Loire80,62842,58354,72136,29721,85315,86622,62117,25816,53616,7616,9756,6387,5848,3378,1091,986510,019382,953364,75318,200
Mayenne39,19818,02021,86012,7928,3445,9658,6768,0475,7587,3772,3682,4272,8043,3643,939861214,016160,097151,8008,297
Sarthe56,36239,76244,11516,54619,49612,42814,12013,6269,6889,6058,7305,4634,6435,3673,3621,633385,397278,476264,94613,530
Vendée77,31136,43745,77025,89017,55911,94115,94313,66419,99014,3235,6634,9735,6707,0446,3851,496427,889325,448310,05915,389
Côtes-d'Armor64,33237,04961,04020,17221,32413,91819,49518,14212,51612,37915,3293,5146,3416,2633,7641,534428,856327,955317,11210,843
Finistère101,79250,02885,91134,93029,70222,13230,39527,35216,41118,98813,4794,42710,5799,3995,4672,108635,751476,554463,10013,454
Ille-et-Vilaine94,70346,44979,14234,95829,95520,23131,34623,86315,25122,5599,3735,04711,13710,8787,1122,253618,329460,065444,25715,808
Morbihan81,71153,79760,42223,86020,51915,09720,89818,57714,20816,3719,7913,9257,1898,1625,1681,605498,938373,926361,30012,626
Charente35,39624,73531,87010,50112,4158,0178,9819,65013,2575,9096,8103,4453,1943,1671,857972255,110187,788180,1767,612
Charente Maritime59,74939,42747,39918,23817,53413,37215,16213,45327,13011,6979,2665,5316,4045,4112,6791,550417,856305,202294,00211,200
Deux-Sèvres41,89017,36733,99815,00812,9607,63911,13410,10812,5166,7583,8192,4163,9003,5873,1351,094260,937197,203187,3299,874
Vienne44,45922,96835,86013,61314,8049,38311,89010,66815,0666,6466,5233,0194,3273,9352,6211,185286,933215,991206,9679,024
Dordogne47,86427,01438,52611,41212,4949,86210,22811,40717,2456,23313,7504,5733,8513,6491,8951,060303,991231,846221,06310,783
Gironde113,64885,813109,01740,35835,58229,08037,64126,85647,63518,12820,1938,90611,75210,6605,4322,555867,452621,759603,25618,503
Landes35,76919,51640,79813,1018,9387,2237,7688,06422,5634,7148,3512,1662,6012,4161,682666258,936193,898186,3367,562
Lot-et-Garonne28,80231,18425,95511,0657,9936,7087,4827,04315,2814,9726,7044,3472,7662,3961,646602229,022171,351164,9466,405
Pyrénées-Atlantiques58,97632,64455,99641,43216,29112,11818,08715,86529,3037,7009,3133,2805,5664,6752,8511,154450,504327,615315,25112,364
Ariège11,39412,02718,8903,2364,3883,7034,2074,4426,6841,6294,1621,2561,4761,076687349109,02782,87379,6063,267
Aveyron35,43819,34426,06211,4357,9037,9947,6117,78013,1156,7054,7022,5023,0292,9992,538641214,595167,871159,7988,073
Haute-Garonne79,08086,395110,55033,29128,88730,27635,86724,28520,06216,42216,0249,28412,39110,5824,9852,166709,805539,821520,54719,274
Gers17,96113,33119,9026,4594,9464,4044,5744,56610,8282,7573,4711,6632,2021,5691,098368135,423104,683100,0994,584
Lot18,28310,26316,7894,7715,4395,2785,1755,2009,6802,7494,3571,4322,8331,789981482128,17799,96195,5014,460
Hautes-Pyrénées19,85214,96524,3559,3856,7995,3655,7126,55311,0122,7526,6431,6802,7742,0351,227524169,135126,983121,6335,350
Tarn35,06432,61736,27511,71211,1229,4169,5958,95712,8265,6936,7204,6083,4313,0572,327772261,605203,705194,1929,513
Tarn-et-Garonne20,32523,16018,0046,6855,9615,2325,2514,7969,6903,3733,3643,0652,7511,7621,236452153,826119,619115,1074,512
Corrèze48,17012,46323,1304,6137,8365,4614,5726,1698,8082,8139,6851,6751,9181,931936556184,267146,745140,7366,009
Creuse18,3787,83112,7983,1434,2073,3252,4063,5314,8901,8323,8271,1551,025909555330101,81273,87170,1423,729
Haute-Vienne41,67721,39337,5878,78814,23310,0498,43610,43110,0005,01210,7643,3323,3893,1271,7501,001261,252201,251190,96910,282
Ain41,34852,61730,41818,61411,56214,66512,3399,4049,71812,5805,1348,4254,5275,2582,9661,077338,220249,217240,6528,565
Ardèche27,86127,04322,94610,9848,6139,0728,4678,28712,3915,2896,7174,2443,0863,0392,536870219,897167,677161,4456,232
Drôme35,55346,48431,17215,51810,94713,35312,85910,00511,2898,3996,9636,5774,7874,4994,149955309,557231,154223,5097,645
Isère77,21592,57680,85234,65029,34534,19235,24822,93013,66022,13217,98813,64910,85611,8556,3392,563708,265522,650506,05016,600
Loire57,37873,63845,51927,30019,20820,56717,09614,88710,88213,95111,4049,8085,4496,1544,8231,681483,976352,329339,74512,584
Rhône121,703130,36794,10159,62230,04244,82340,90824,13511,07338,03917,01317,00515,92316,20810,0252,633932,406691,830673,62018,210
Savoie33,95837,31224,68813,3529,21311,93611,9238,3265,6049,1865,8865,1973,8314,7382,3391,090265,061195,013188,5796,434
Haute-Savoie55,17561,54733,77624,57313,38016,78521,43111,2686,70518,1825,1056,9296,3259,4004,2501,221421,449306,394296,05210,342
Allier37,53325,38728,81411,57611,2419,3376,9618,4677,9366,01814,6163,2682,6692,5972,375973256,113189,047179,7689,279
Cantal27,3519,84812,7374,8854,4563,9182,9353,8398,2572,4532,4551,5421,2271,423812457123,82792,56288,5953,967
Haute-Loire24,63122,17115,43510,2876,9826,5145,5296,2595,8764,1672,9033,1311,9951,9721,952675166,347126,480120,4796,001
Puy-de-Dôme57,55141,30751,57121,69123,36319,20315,34517,69511,49010,48211,1236,0275,9915,5763,3261,742425,502317,550303,48314,067
Aude26,02134,35737,0217,5219,3448,7076,9997,70012,0504,1518,3654,3162,6192,1131,405745236,852179,992173,4346,558
Gard48,34279,74344,40619,57716,33216,56313,90112,55617,15810,71816,8689,9695,4714,7533,0461,452445,560331,084320,85510,229
Hérault68,502104,84173,20825,45222,55224,36225,24518,36926,30315,69618,66911,1209,1856,9503,8901,910632,459470,172456,25413,918
Lozère10,8385,9585,6373,2772,0352,0911,9442,0403,6441,8751,46474982269063317658,86445,51743,8731,644
Pyrénées-Orientales34,19942,19633,49812,35510,56710,4068,8258,57311,7356,4149,7014,8543,1912,6501,467842285,980208,397201,4736,924
Alpes-de Haute-Provence12,99813,18410,8454,6514,3664,6544,4684,0567,1232,9433,4652,2521,7001,459845421108,94382,39579,4302,965
Haute Alpes12,0369,9659,1524,8163,4374,0684,6773,7975,0633,5792,3761,9331,6641,59392632095,10072,04969,4022,647
Alpes-Maritimes102,588121,36256,86831,72917,54422,63422,38811,99211,43022,67113,98411,8256,9398,2833,4661,337690,348478,074467,04011,034
Bouches-du-Rhône138,189182,778114,32347,53040,22044,94741,56326,86032,09731,37139,03240,62814,07812,8236,4722,9791,144,969838,148815,89022,258
Var96,365106,71054,78127,62820,36323,99519,74813,62121,94818,90113,84414,3306,8587,8074,6241,651645,315464,740453,17411,566
Vaucluse41,93564,83131,61114,27011,27412,19011,8919,31315,1299,0257,7299,9244,4814,3502,3191,061342,881259,077251,3337,744
Corse-du-Sud13,8998,7497,5391,8311,6663,4001,6301,4083,8851,1982,3607211,16142122516886,52651,45050,2611,189
Haute-Corse16,2818,4179,2971,8291,9634,3001,6351,5925,1231,0053,1419582,801499244116104,77460,68759,2011,486
Guadeloupe26,4162,69521,0128078131,28997250734269259230033,79432853078278,10495,33391,1674,166
Martinique29,4241,56326,0597691,0552,02288242122148442917724,86423274284266,22994,25189,4284,823
French Guiana4,4961,1802,5064013105864552901432418815012,4791431593751,78724,21623,664552
Réunion86,8308,91591,1765,8385,9667,3055,0014,5121,1492,4602,7552,0274,9142,2322,129512436,745246,054233,72112,333
Sainte Pierre and Miquelon59926026580121821679331192027119292854,8132,0201,94278
Mayotte9,1055363,9722,5952497913064901221,1121272771,1201581339652,21821,52521,189336
Wallis and Futuna3,031462,14447704493547189913281617119,3536,0275,99037
French Polynesia47,1333,17918,6707046867861,118804287378150422389422309122151,50578,89075,5593,331
New Caledonia29,4906,61013,6671,4141,1841,1161,8471,352453760210540791923482112126,98562,55160,9511,600
colspan=21 style="text-align:left;" | Source: [http://eed.nsd.uib.no/webview/index.jsp?study=http://129.177.90.166:80/obj/fStudy/FIREF1994_Display&node=0&mode=cube&v=2&cube=http://129.177.90.166:80/obj/fCube/FIREF1994_Display_C1&top=yes European Election Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200112/http://eed.nsd.uib.no/webview/index.jsp?study=http%3A%2F%2F129.177.90.166%3A80%2Fobj%2FfStudy%2FFIREF1994_Display&node=0&mode=cube&v=2&cube=http%3A%2F%2F129.177.90.166%3A80%2Fobj%2FfCube%2FFIREF1994_Display_C1&top=yes |date=24 June 2021 }}

==By region==

class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size:85%;"

!align=left| Region

!align=left| Jacques Chirac

!align=left| Jean-Marie Le Pen

!align=left| Lionel Jospin

!align=left| François Bayrou

!align=left| Arlette Laguiller

!align=left| Jean-Pierre Chevènement

!align=left| Noël Mamère

!align=left| Olivier Besancenot

!align=left| Jean Saint-Josse

!align=left| Alain Madelin

!align=left| Robert Hue

!align=left| Bruno Mégret

!align=left| Christiane Taubira

!align=left| Corinne Lepage

!align=left| Christine Boutin

!align=left| Daniel Gluckstein

!align=left| Electorate

!align=left| Votes

!align=left| Valid votes

!align=left| Invalid votes

Île-de-France838,380583,673680,166299,041183,123265,682246,615139,00747,045200,275142,01479,327144,35690,22450,19216,1716,036,6984,099,7924,005,29194,501
Champagne-Ardenne125,325132,53988,99341,46941,40728,70826,57225,67626,15524,24018,30218,7378,82610,9226,4923,127901,835648,216627,49020,726
Picardy167,130185,880130,52254,29869,90843,20636,22539,99557,83528,95235,42424,83613,86514,8838,8485,4791,273,790947,426917,28630,140
Upper Normandy166,086149,791137,74753,53765,60640,54441,19943,04936,42429,44135,17723,85116,47315,3978,0334,8391,216,069896,932867,19429,738
Centre244,240210,385184,17482,41574,43462,48355,09850,59567,13549,23742,79730,12423,54223,35515,2016,5121,706,0161,268,3451,221,72746,618
Lower Normandy164,490108,403106,85350,44551,02233,47434,15934,72951,38528,52615,56514,29313,78115,2529,1023,9331,031,251761,268735,41225,856
Burgundy153,194147,046130,48152,85547,11946,05335,51336,51432,47633,13827,09422,10713,83714,0629,3924,4771,135,219836,905805,35831,547
Nord-Pas-de-Calais331,920365,345327,471114,217147,07593,79984,40684,42288,99461,93197,19246,63422,95624,55118,8129,6052,769,1121,990,7401,919,33071,410
Lorraine206,655231,929162,93971,12777,68155,41255,46850,47523,77738,09728,42733,21118,18519,62813,0756,1531,603,9081,133,2581,092,23941,019
Alsace150,818192,58590,49488,52940,16943,16949,41128,4438,40336,2648,02935,66114,50017,81513,4963,7381,153,255851,754821,52430,230
Franche-Comté101,328114,37777,38834,98531,98655,91027,95326,80419,84920,65412,08218,7809,29610,3527,6252,982780,217595,580572,35123,229
Pays de la Loire362,746204,016271,097137,542104,00575,802102,47184,50978,23972,37638,20228,27733,77338,70932,6799,2812,351,9061,749,9971,673,72476,273
Brittany342,538187,323286,515113,920101,50071,378102,13487,93458,38670,29747,97216,91335,24634,70221,5117,5002,181,8741,638,5001,585,76952,731
Poitou-Charentes181,494104,497149,12757,36057,71338,41147,16743,87967,96931,01026,41814,41117,82516,10010,2924,8011,220,836906,184868,47437,710
Aquitaine285,059196,171270,292117,36881,29864,99181,20669,235132,02741,74758,31123,27226,53623,79613,5066,0372,109,9051,546,4691,490,85255,617
Midi-Pyrénées237,397212,102270,82786,97475,44571,66877,99266,57993,89742,08049,44325,49030,88724,86915,0795,7541,881,5931,445,5161,386,48359,033
Limousin108,22541,68773,51516,54426,27618,83515,41420,13123,6989,65724,2766,1626,3325,9673,2411,887547,331421,867401,84720,020
Rhône-Alpes450,191521,584363,472204,613132,310165,393160,271109,24281,322127,75876,21071,83454,78461,15137,42712,0903,678,8312,716,2642,629,65286,612
Auvergne147,06698,713108,55748,43946,04238,97230,77036,26033,55923,12031,09713,96811,88211,5688,4653,847971,789725,639692,32533,314
Languedoc-Roussillon187,902267,095193,77068,18260,83062,12956,91449,23870,89038,85455,06731,00821,28817,15610,4415,1251,659,7151,235,1621,195,88939,273
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur404,111498,830277,580130,62497,204112,488104,73569,63992,79088,49080,43080,89235,72036,31518,6527,7693,027,5562,194,4832,136,26958,214
Corsica30,18017,16616,8363,6603,6297,7003,2653,0009,0082,2035,5011,6793,962920469284191,300112,137109,4622,675
Guadeloupe26,4162,69521,0128078131,28997250734269259230033,79432853078278,10495,33391,1674,166
Martinique29,4241,56326,0597691,0552,02288242122148442917724,86423274284266,22994,25189,4284,823
French Guiana4,4961,1802,5064013105864552901432418815012,4791431593751,78724,21623,664552
Réunion86,8308,91591,1765,8385,9667,3055,0014,5121,1492,4602,7552,0274,9142,2322,129512436,745246,054233,72112,333
Saint Pierre and Miquelon59926026580121821679331192027119292854,8132,0201,94278
Mayotte9,1055363,9722,5952497913064901221,1121272771,1201581339652,21821,52521,189336
Wallis and Futuna3,031462,14447704493547189913281617119,3536,0275,99037
French Polynesia47,1333,17918,6707046867861,118804287378150422389422309122151,50578,89075,5593,331
New Caledonia29,4906,61013,6671,4141,1841,1161,8471,352453760210540791923482112126,98562,55160,9511,600
colspan=21 style="text-align:left;" | Source: [http://eed.nsd.uib.no/webview/index.jsp?study=http://129.177.90.166:80/obj/fStudy/FIREF1994_Display&node=0&mode=cube&v=2&cube=http://129.177.90.166:80/obj/fCube/FIREF1994_Display_C1&top=yes European Election Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200112/http://eed.nsd.uib.no/webview/index.jsp?study=http%3A%2F%2F129.177.90.166%3A80%2Fobj%2FfStudy%2FFIREF1994_Display&node=0&mode=cube&v=2&cube=http%3A%2F%2F129.177.90.166%3A80%2Fobj%2FfCube%2FFIREF1994_Display_C1&top=yes |date=24 June 2021 }}

=Second round=

==By department==

class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size:85%;"

!align=left|Department

!align=left| Jacques Chirac

!align=left| Jean-Marie Le Pen

!align=left|Electorate

!align=left|Votes

!align=left| Valid votes

!align=left|Invalid votes

Paris784,74187,5011,081,313896,811872,24224,569
Seine-et-Marne444,755106,789721,846578,840551,54427,296
Yvelines556,79993,754825,366676,487650,55325,934
Essonne448,94079,451681,806552,297528,39123,906
Hauts-de-Seine561,11476,605815,107658,904637,71921,185
Seine-Saint-Denis382,42480,765631,147483,067463,18919,878
Val-de Marne448,37571,632677,795540,155520,00720,148
Val-de Oise382,97679,956604,201483,293462,93220,361
Ardennes106,79333,865192,407150,939140,65810,281
Aube112,46533,831193,743155,606146,2969,310
Marne218,62755,224372,035288,939273,85115,088
Haute-Marne80,66025,232143,608113,518105,8927,626
Aisne207,90867,727366,995295,064275,63519,429
Oise287,00396,100506,772406,658383,10323,555
Somme237,35365,949399,858325,298303,30221,996
Eure226,07662,939378,241305,393289,01516,378
Seine-Maritime526,650111,109837,500673,046637,75935,287
Cher142,41129,026228,040182,781171,43711,344
Eure-et-Loir168,20744,007277,980224,267212,21412,053
Indre113,00622,542176,656145,249135,5489,701
Indre-et-Loire249,48244,549381,114309,808294,03115,777
Loir-et-Cher144,75634,421232,618190,078179,17710,901
Loiret257,59759,448409,234334,192317,04517,147
Calvados295,88356,564458,107371,135352,44718,688
Manche237,08440,832358,870292,125277,91614,209
Orne135,90031,258214,186175,871167,1588,713
Côte-d'Or207,87546,619330,297271,035254,49416,541
Nièvre102,07922,766170,336134,578124,8459,733
Saône-et-Loire241,71953,422398,409316,514295,14121,373
Yonne138,76540,713235,620190,306179,47810,828
Nord989,046274,3901,721,1461,337,0681,263,43673,632
Pas-de-Calais600,597171,2311,048,035827,015771,82855,187
Meurthe-et-Moselle287,14864,244469,408371,683351,39220,291
Meuse81,88822,802138,855111,720104,6907,030
Moselle408,846114,536712,204553,009523,38229,627
Vosges168,53745,326283,162228,719213,86314,856
Bas-Rhin406,057105,886675,014539,336511,94327,393
Haut-Rhin280,69480,774478,476382,671361,46821,203
Doubs212,71947,303334,645277,382260,02217,360
Jura112,89326,227181,320149,442139,12010,322
Haute-Saône99,15331,698174,459142,796130,85111,945
Territoire de Belfort52,82214,97289,63173,12867,7945,334
Loire-Atlantique561,58270,653814,580663,938632,23531,703
Maine-et-Loire353,11848,488509,928421,902401,60620,296
Mayenne148,97319,190214,054176,747168,1638,584
Sarthe246,35645,429385,345310,468291,78518,683
Vendée297,85441,341427,854356,532339,19517,337
Côtes-d'Armor300,02139,753428,720360,703339,77420,929
Finistère446,63652,745635,432525,180499,38125,799
Ille-et-Vilaine439,60049,849618,248512,956489,44923,507
Morbihan337,12654,364498,955412,413391,49020,923
Charente165,01428,700255,097207,202193,71413,488
Charente Maritime268,30952,164417,799339,450320,47318,977
Deux-Sèvres186,37921,597260,914218,280207,97610,304
Vienne198,06327,920286,962238,101225,98312,118
Dordogne204,99334,215303,830257,403239,20818,195
Gironde561,009108,670867,695711,267669,67941,588
Landes174,98725,920258,814215,575200,90714,668
Lot-et-Garonne138,29439,101228,985190,920177,39513,525
Pyrénées-Atlantiques304,37943,503450,458371,787347,88223,905
Ariège69,40013,343108,98690,15982,7437,416
Aveyron150,28320,214214,793182,012170,49711,515
Haute-Garonne463,85087,682710,535586,043551,53234,511
Gers91,05715,821135,345114,853106,8787,975
Lot89,69012,335128,161109,627102,0257,602
Hautes-Pyrénées112,49417,486169,127139,934129,9809,954
Tarn169,48436,172261,513221,497205,65615,841
Tarn-et-Garonne94,58926,046153,674129,608120,6358,973
Corrèze134,98813,530184,162158,452148,5189,934
Creuse68,3139,014101,80282,45277,3275,125
Haute-Vienne182,43122,694260,919218,887205,12513,762
Ain204,02954,957338,181273,817258,98614,831
Ardèche140,20830,531219,803182,389170,73911,650
Drôme190,04749,649309,535254,068239,69614,372
Isère449,082100,462708,500577,528549,54427,984
Loire289,59075,022484,174385,483364,61220,871
Rhône587,749135,496932,615755,174723,24531,929
Savoie163,58437,736264,930213,098201,32011,778
Haute-Savoie262,56758,417421,165337,399320,98416,415
Allier164,60328,569256,086207,091193,17213,919
Cantal86,07811,168123,815102,61997,2465,373
Haute-Loire105,11223,368166,312137,517128,4809,037
Puy-de-Dôme286,92842,700425,361351,015329,62821,387
Aude139,87539,606236,812194,714179,48115,233
Gard248,90690,488445,500363,760339,39424,366
Hérault363,019117,631632,253515,174480,65034,524
Lozère39,7156,69358,81049,49146,4083,083
Pyrénées-Orientales160,55353,876285,938230,530214,42916,101
Alpes-de Haute-Provence66,45617,847108,90790,10784,3035,804
Haute Alpes60,75612,95295,07578,54373,7084,835
Alpes-Maritimes357,143143,648690,131524,984500,79124,193
Bouches-du-Rhône638,688241,8141,145,020926,102880,50245,600
Var346,240139,319645,326512,680485,55927,121
Vaucluse186,54578,601342,547281,353265,14616,207
Corse-du-Sud43,55712,50286,43159,74356,0593,684
Haute-Corse53,15312,009104,74269,90265,1624,740
Guadeloupe93,0388,889281,514109,435101,9277,508
Martinique108,5624,353266,530120,372112,9157,457
French Guiana19,7262,41651,78223,33922,1421,197
Réunion278,56324,542436,706317,186303,10514,081
Sainte Pierre and Miquelon2,8803194,8133,3243,199125
Mayotte17,8442,37152,18921,38620,2151,171
Wallis and Futuna5,7774929,3486,3506,26981
French Polynesia70,3869,824149,78283,09580,2102,885
New Caledonia49,81612,125126,96964,20461,9412,263
colspan=9 style="text-align:left;" | Source: [http://eed.nsd.uib.no/webview/index.jsp?study=http://129.177.90.166:80/obj/fStudy/FIREF1994_Display&node=0&mode=cube&v=2&cube=http://129.177.90.166:80/obj/fCube/FIREF1994_Display_C1&top=yes European Election Database] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200112/http://eed.nsd.uib.no/webview/index.jsp?study=http%3A%2F%2F129.177.90.166%3A80%2Fobj%2FfStudy%2FFIREF1994_Display&node=0&mode=cube&v=2&cube=http%3A%2F%2F129.177.90.166%3A80%2Fobj%2FfCube%2FFIREF1994_Display_C1&top=yes |date=24 June 2021 }}

==By region==

class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="font-size:85%;"

!align=left| Region

!align=left| Jacques Chirac

!align=left| Jean-Marie Le Pen

!align=left| Electorate

!align=left| Votes

!align=left| Valid votes

!align=left| Invalid votes

Île de France4,010,124676,4536,038,5814,869,8544,686,577183,277
Champagne-Ardenne518,545148,152901,793709,002666,69742,305
Picardy732,264229,7761,273,6251,027,020962,04064,980
Upper Normandy752,726174,0481,215,741978,439926,77451,665
Centre1,075,459233,9931,705,6421,386,3751,309,45276,923
Lower Normandy668,867128,6541,031,163839,131797,52141,610
Bourgogne690,438163,5201,134,662912,433853,95858,475
Nord-Pas-de-Calais1,589,643445,6212,769,1812,164,0832,035,264128,819
Lorraine946,419246,9081,603,6291,265,1311,193,32771,804
Alsace686,751186,6601,153,490922,007873,41148,596
Franche-Comté477,587120,200780,055642,748597,78744,961
Pays de la Loire1,607,883225,1012,351,7611,929,5871,832,98496,603
Brittany1,523,383196,7112,181,3551,811,2521,720,09491,158
Poitou-Charentes817,765130,3811,220,7721,003,033948,14654,887
Aquitaine1,383,662251,4092,109,7821,746,9521,635,071111,881
Midi-Pyrénées1,240,847229,0991,882,1341,573,7331,469,946103,787
Limousin385,73245,238546,883459,791430,97028,821
Rhône-Alpes2,286,856542,2703,678,9032,978,9562,829,126149,830
Auvergne642,721105,805971,574798,242748,52649,716
Languedoc-Roussillon952,068308,2941,659,3131,353,6691,260,36293,307
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur1,655,828634,1813,027,0062,413,7692,290,009123,760
Corsica96,71024,511191,173129,645121,2218,424
Guadeloupe93,0388,889281,514109,435101,9277,508
Martinique108,5624,353266,530120,372112,9157,457
French Guiana19,7262,41651,78223,33922,1421,197
Réunion278,56324,542436,706317,186303,10514,081
Saint Pierre and Miquelon2,8803194,8133,3243,199125
Mayotte17,8442,37152,18921,38620,2151,171
Wallis and Futuna5,7774929,3486,3506,26981
French Polynesia70,3869,824149,78283,09580,2102,885
New Caledonia49,81612,125126,96964,20461,9412,263

See also

References

{{Reflist}}

Further reading

  • Bélanger, Éric, et al. "Party, ideology, and vote intentions: Dynamics from the 2002 French Electoral Panel." Political Research Quarterly 59.4 (2006): 503–515.
  • Durand, Claire, André Blais, and Mylène Larochelle. "The polls in the 2002 French presidential election: An autopsy." Public Opinion Quarterly 68.4 (2004): 602–622. [http://www.mapageweb.umontreal.ca/durandc/recherche/publications/aapor2003/poqelec-fr.pdf Online]
  • Etienne, Anne. "Do Election Results Represent People's Political Ideologies? A Study of the French 2002 Presidential Elections." French Politics 5.1 (2007): 20–32.
  • Gaffney, John, ed. The French Presidential and Legislative Elections of 2002 (2004)
  • Gschwend, Thomas, and Dirk Leuffen. "Divided we stand–unified we govern? Cohabitation and regime voting in the 2002 French elections." British Journal of Political Science 35.4 (2005): 691–712. [https://www.ssoar.info/ssoar/bitstream/handle/document/25811/ssoar-britjps-2005-4-gschwend_et_al-divided_we_stand_-_unified.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y&lnkname=ssoar-britjps-2005-4-gschwend_et_al-divided_we_stand_-_unified.pdf Online]
  • Laver, Michael, Kenneth Benoit, and Nicolas Sauger. "Policy competition in the 2002 French legislative and presidential elections." European Journal of Political Research 45.4 (2006): 667–697.
  • Lewis-Beck, M. ed. The French Voter: Before and After the 2002 Elections (2004).
  • {{Cite journal | last = Miguet | first = A. |date= October 2002 | title = The French Elections of 2002: After the Earthquake, the Deluge | journal=West European Politics | volume = 25 | issue = 4 | pages = 207–220 | doi = 10.1080/713601633 | s2cid = 154297248 }}

External links

=Official results=

  • {{in lang|fr}} Official results from the Constitutional Council of France : [https://web.archive.org/web/20110613001035/http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/conseil-constitutionnel/francais/les-decisions/acces-par-date/decisions-depuis-1959/2002/declaration-presidentielle-premier-tour-2002/decision-declaration-presidentielle-premier-tour-2002-du-24-avril-2002.691.html 1st round], [https://web.archive.org/web/20110613000953/http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/conseil-constitutionnel/francais/les-decisions/acces-par-date/decisions-depuis-1959/2002/proclamation-presidentielle-2002/decision-proclamation-presidentielle-2002-du-08-mai-2002.693.html 2nd round]

=Commentary=

{{Commons category}}

  • {{in lang|fr}} [http://www.politiquemania.com/resultats-presidentielles-2002-commune-0-0-0.html#resultats 2002 Presidential Vote Results by Commune], Politiquemania.com
  • {{in lang|en|fr}} [http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/InterParl/Associations/France/May2002/page01-e.htm French 2002 Presidential Election], Mission of a Delegation from the Canadian Branch of the Canada-France Inter-parliamentary Association
  • [http://writ.news.findlaw.com/commentary/20020425_falvy.html Analysis of the voting anomaly on FindLaw]
  • [http://www.kiechle.com/rants/fascism/fascism.htm Fascism in France? Commentary on the 2002 French Presidential Elections]
  • [http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/theory_and_event/v006/6.3badiou.html Philosophical considerations of the very singular custom of voting: an analysis based on recent ballots in France]

{{French elections}}

{{Candidates in the 2002 French presidential election}}

{{Authority control}}

France

Presidential election

Presidential election

Category:Presidential elections in France