Marsden Point Branch

The Marsden Point proposal has been preceded by two earlier lines: the Onerahi Branch of 1911–33, and a proposed Waipu Branch that was partially built and then abandoned. The former was built for the same purpose as the Marsden Point Branch: better harbour access for Whangarei. In 1885, the government officially acknowledged that the wharf serving the Whangarei to Kamo railway line (later part of the North Auckland Line) was inadequate for the purpose it served and an alternative in deeper water was necessary. This was found at Onerahi, but construction was not approved until 1899 and the branch opened on 2 October 1911. The port served coastal shipping between Whangarei and Auckland, and when the North Auckland Line was completed in 1925 and provided a quicker overland route, traffic switched from ships to the railway and the wharf suffered a decline. The Great Depression further ruined the port's fortunes, and with insubstantial traffic, the Onerahi Branch closed on 30 June 1933.H. J. Hansen and F. J. Neil, Tracks in the North (Auckland: H. J. Hansen, 1992), 80–3.

Although the Onerahi Branch mirrors the Marsden Point Branch in purpose, the Marsden Point proposal more closely follows the route of the proposed Waipu branch. The branch was intended to serve agricultural interests and was surveyed in 1914. After World War I, work began and formation was established. At least 25 men were at work on the line's construction in 1920. A lack of government will doomed the line, and before any track was laid it was cancelled in 1924.{{sfn|Churchman|Hurst|2001|p=100}}

After the oil crisis of October 1973, a proposal was made that the Marsden Point B power station could use coal from the Waikato rather than oil. The railway is used elsewhere to carry high volumes of Waikato coal, and the quantity required if the conversion took place would have almost certainly required coal to be carried by rail. The proposal was abandoned. In 1979, another proposal was made to establish a deepwater port at Marsden Point to export forestry products and the plan was resurrected. The branch to the port would have been an approximately 14 km long, and was shelved due to a lack of development of the port.{{sfn|Churchman|Hurst|2001|p=100}}

In 1981 the NZR released a proposal for a 17 km branch line to the Marsden Port terminal from Oakleigh, 13.7 km south of Whangarei. After studying coastal and inland routes, the report proposed an inland route through hills, marshy flats and farmland with a tunnel, five rail bridges, at least two road bridges and several culverts.{{cite journal|journal=Rails|date=November 1984|page=83|title=Northland's Ports|issn=0110-6155}} The route would leave Oakleigh parallel to State Highway One for 3 km, cross Mata Creek, curve under Hewlett's Ridge in a tunnel, cross the Ruakaka River about 6 km from Oakleigh, pass farmland up to One Tree Point Road and swing east to parallel McEwen Road before crossing the road to enter the terminal. The report was prepared by the Auckland firm of Kingston, Reynolds, Thom and Allardice, following recommendations of the Northland Forestry Port Study in 1979.{{cite journal|title=New Branch Line contemplated near Whangarei |journal=New Zealand Railway Observer |year=1981 |issue=2 |page=82|volume=38 }}

In the early 2000s, the 1979 proposal was revived. In 2003, a feasibly study was undertaken, and it estimated that a 16 km line to Marsden Point from a junction with the North Auckland Line 25 km south of Whangarei in Oakleigh would cost NZ$86.5 million. Environmental issues include the need to cross a portion of wetland, and some substantial earthworks would be required for a cutting through a hill, but the line would remove a large number of trucks from local roads and provide a boost to local employment.{{cite news |url=http://www.nzherald.co.nz/section/3/story.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=10472719 |title=Northland port signals big future |author=Graham, Pam |date=29 October 2007 |agency=NZPA |work=The New Zealand Herald |access-date=20 October 2011}} The proposal was delayed in June 2006 when ONTRACK (now KiwiRail Network) declined to approve land designation for the line."Rail Link Decision Disappoints", Whangarei Leader, 27 June 2006. ONTRACK wanted greater certainty about potential freight tonnages from potential users of the line such as the Marsden Point Oil Refinery and Carter Holt Harvey. By August 2006 both the Northland Regional Council and ONTRACK had entered into talks with interested parties."NRC, Ontrack Assess Support for Potential Rail Link", Whangarei Leader, 29 August 2006.

The result of these talks was positive and in August 2007 the Council began work to purchase land for the proposed route.Northland Regional Council, [http://www.nrc.govt.nz/News-Archive/2007/Negotiations-for-rail-link-land-under-way/ "Negotiations for Rail Link Land Under Way"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071105092017/http://www.nrc.govt.nz/News-Archive/2007/Negotiations-for-rail-link-land-under-way/ |date=5 November 2007 }}, posted 9 August 2007, accessed 29 October 2007. ONTRACK subsequently confirmed that once the land is acquired it will designate the route as a rail corridor.ONTRACK, [http://www.ontrack.govt.nz/News/MarsdenPointRailLineDesignation/tabid/178/Default.aspx "Marsden Point Rail Line Designation Will Follow Land Negotiations"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080125135402/http://www.ontrack.govt.nz/News/MarsdenPointRailLineDesignation/tabid/178/Default.aspx |date=25 January 2008 }}, posted 9 August 2007, accessed 29 October 2007. On 27 November 2007 ONTRACK and the Council confirmed that they were entering into a joint venture arrangement to progress the land designation process and share the costs of land acquisition.Northland Regional Council, [http://www.nrc.govt.nz/News/Joint-venture-to-be-formed-to-advance-Marsden-Point-rail-link/ "Joint Venture to be Formed to Advance Marsden Point Rail Link"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201090311/http://www.nrc.govt.nz/News/Joint-venture-to-be-formed-to-advance-Marsden-Point-rail-link/ |date=1 December 2007 }}, posted 27 November 2007, accessed 28 November 2007. A commitment to build the line will be made once the corridor is designated.

In late 2008, ONTRACK served a notice of requirement to Whangarei District Council for the route's rail designation, seen as an important legal step towards the eventual line.{{cite web |url=http://www.ontrack.govt.nz/news/2008/Pages/ONTRACKservesnoticeforMarsdenPointraildesignation.aspx |title=ONTRACK serves notice for Marsden Point rail designation |access-date=20 January 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081224153916/http://www.ontrack.govt.nz/news/2008/Pages/ONTRACKservesnoticeforMarsdenPointraildesignation.aspx |archive-date=24 December 2008 }} ONTRACK serves notice for Marsden Point rail designation] (ONTRACK website press release, 22 December 2008) This process began in January 2009{{cite web|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/4815986a22377.html|title=Designation of rail link under way |publisher=Whangarei Leader|date=13 January 2009|access-date=2 March 2009}} and was completed later that year.{{cite web|url=http://www.beca.co.nz/services/~/media/publications/technical_papers/rejuvenating_rail%20_planning_for_the_marsden_point_rail_line.ashx|title=Rejuvenating Rail – Planning for the Marsden Point Rail Line|publisher=Beca Infrastructure|date=1 July 2010|access-date=6 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127164913/http://beca.co.nz/services/~/media/publications/technical_papers/rejuvenating_rail%20_planning_for_the_marsden_point_rail_line.ashx|archive-date=27 January 2016|url-status=dead}}

Land acquisition began following the KiwiRail designation of the route in 2009. New Zealand First candidate and leader (and former Northland MP) Winston Peters has proposed the construction of the line from 2015 to 2017.

In 2011, the joint venture to acquire land for the branch was formed between KiwiRail (as the successor to ONTRACK) and the Northland Regional Council, and properties along the route were acquired.{{cite web|url=https://www.kiwirail.co.nz/uploads/Publications/2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf|title=KiwiRail Annual Report 2011-12|publisher=KiwiRail|date=2012|access-date=30 April 2019|archive-date=27 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327075139/https://www.kiwirail.co.nz/uploads/Publications/2012%20Annual%20Report.pdf|url-status=live}} In 2020, the government announced $40 million to purchase land along the corridor.{{cite web|url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/408476/government-to-buy-land-for-rail-to-northport-and-marsden-point|publisher=Radio New Zealand|title=Government to buy land for rail to Northport and Marsden Point|date=30 January 2020|access-date=31 January 2020|archive-date=30 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130060614/https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/political/408476/government-to-buy-land-for-rail-to-northport-and-marsden-point|url-status=live}}

Construction of the line featured in the Northland by-election, 2015. New Zealand First candidate and leader Winston Peters argued the line should be built to carry containers from NorthPort to Auckland.{{cite web|url=http://nzfirst.org.nz/news/northport-answer-port-expansion|title=NorthPort answer to port expansion|date=23 March 2015|access-date=6 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208133334/http://nzfirst.org.nz/news/northport-answer-port-expansion|archive-date=8 December 2015|url-status=usurped}} In response the New Zealand Taxpayers' Union claimed that Peters had never visited NorthPort, confused the port with the closed Port of Whangarei, and that Northport's CEO had stated that NorthPort "does not want a rail link" and that the line "does not feature in the Port's 30-year plan."{{cite web|url=http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PO1503/S00213/northland-port-doesnt-want-winstons-rail-link.htm|title=Northland Port doesn't want Winston's rail link|publisher=scoop.co.nz|author=New Zealand Taxpayers' Union|author-link=New Zealand Taxpayers' Union|date=19 March 2015|access-date=6 December 2015|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208045654/http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/PO1503/S00213/northland-port-doesnt-want-winstons-rail-link.htm|url-status=live}}

NorthPort responded to these claims by stating that while the line "is not a short-term priority" for Northport, the company supported "the designation of the rail corridor" as it fits with the company's strategy of long-term growth. The company confirmed Peters had never visited the port.{{cite web|url=http://northport.co.nz/node/5791|title=Response to statement by the NZ Taxpayers' Union|publisher=NorthPort|access-date=6 December 2015|archive-date=8 December 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208234252/http://northport.co.nz/node/5791|url-status=live}}

The matter became an issue during campaigning for the 2017 general election. On 31 August 2017, New Zealand First party leader Winston Peters announced a policy of relocating the Port of Auckland to Marsden Point by 2027.{{cite web |first1= Brad |last1= Flahive |first2= Adam |last2= Jacobson |date= 31 August 2017 |title= Winston Peters promises shift of Auckland port to Northland |url= https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/96340312/winston-peters-promises-shift-of-auckland-port-to-northland |publisher= Stuff.co.nz |access-date= 3 September 2017 |archive-date= 3 September 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170903072445/https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/96340312/winston-peters-promises-shift-of-auckland-port-to-northland |url-status= live }} Peters had vowed in July that the building of the Marsden Point Branch at a cost of up to $1 billion was non-negotiable in any post–election coalition between NZ First and either National or Labour.{{cite news|url=http://www.newshub.co.nz/home/politics/2017/07/northland-rail-going-to-happen-winston-peters-promises.html|access-date=3 September 2017|title=Northland rail 'going to happen', Winston Peters promises|newspaper=Newshub |date=15 July 2017|publisher=Newshub – newshub.co.nz|archive-date=3 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170903075429/http://www.newshub.co.nz/home/politics/2017/07/northland-rail-going-to-happen-winston-peters-promises.html|url-status=dead}}

As part of the Labour-NZ First coalition agreement for the Sixth Labour Government, there was a feasibility study of moving the Port of Auckland to Northport, with upgrades of road and rail to Northport.{{cite web |url= https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/98124898/coalition-government-eyes-a-shift-north-for-the-ports-of-auckland |title= Government eyes port shift north |publisher= Stuff (Fairfax) |date= 22 October 2017 |access-date= 21 January 2018 |archive-date= 7 November 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171107013520/https://www.stuff.co.nz/national/politics/98124898/coalition-government-eyes-a-shift-north-for-the-ports-of-auckland |url-status= live }}{{cite web |url= https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/98471273/call-for-kiwi-ports-to-join-chinas-maritime-silk-rd |title= Chinese money for Northport etc? |publisher= Stuff (Fairfax) |date= 2 November 2017 |access-date= 21 January 2018 |archive-date= 5 January 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180105083940/https://www.stuff.co.nz/business/98471273/Call-for-Kiwi-ports-to-join-Chinas-maritime-Silk-Rd |url-status= live }}

The interim report of the feasibility study investigating moving the Port of Auckland to Northport was published in April 2019.{{cite web|url=https://www.transport.govt.nz/multi-modal/keystrategiesandplans/upper-north-island-supply-chain-strategy/|title=Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy|publisher=Ministry of Transport (New Zealand)|date=April 2019|access-date=30 April 2019|archive-date=4 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190504145918/https://www.transport.govt.nz/multi-modal/keystrategiesandplans/upper-north-island-supply-chain-strategy/|url-status=live}} The interim report noted that further investment in Northport was not feasible without investment in the construction of the Marsden Point Branch and upgrades to the North Auckland Line.{{cite web|url=https://www.transport.govt.nz/assets/Import/Uploads/Research/Documents/Cabinet-Papers/8934e52ae5/UNISCS-Interim-progress-report-on-the-Upper-North-Island-Supply-Chain-Strategy_Final.pdf|title=Interim progress report on the Upper North Island Supply Chain Strategy|date=April 2019|access-date=30 April 2019|publisher=Ministry of Transport (New Zealand)|archive-date=1 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190501070718/https://www.transport.govt.nz/assets/Import/Uploads/Research/Documents/Cabinet-Papers/8934e52ae5/UNISCS-Interim-progress-report-on-the-Upper-North-Island-Supply-Chain-Strategy_Final.pdf|url-status=live}}

A business case for the upgrade of the North Auckland Line and the Marsden Point Branch's construction was prepared by New Zealand Ministry of Transport and published May 2019.{{cite news|url=https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/money/2019/05/exclusive-northland-rail-upgrade-to-cost-1-3b.html|title=Northland rail upgrade to cost $1.3b, but Northport expansion needed to get value for money|author=John-Michael Swannix|newspaper=Newshub|date=18 May 2019|access-date=18 May 2019|archive-date=18 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518073939/https://www.newshub.co.nz/home/money/2019/05/exclusive-northland-rail-upgrade-to-cost-1-3b.html|url-status=dead}} The business case found the total cost of the upgrade and Marsden Point line would be NZ$1.3 billion, with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.19 (assuming NorthPort's expansion goes ahead), meaning for every $1.00 spent there would be a return of $1.19. The estimated cost of the line was $300m.

A KiwiRail arranged geotechnical survey carried out four test drills in December 2018 and January 2019 to check the land along the route. At completion, a press conference was held by minister Shane Jones plus KiwiRail chairman Greg Miller and acting Chief Executive Todd Moyle; although "the numbers still had to be crunched" before any announcement on construction was made.The New Zealand Railfan March 2019 No 348-page 12 (Vol 25 No 2)

The Northland Rail rejuvenation project funding announced in January 2020 includes $40 million for land purchase on the Marsden Point/Northport rail route. KiwiRail has said that trains could be running to Marsden Point by 2023.{{cite web |url= https://www.kiwirail.co.nz/what-we-do/projects/northland-rail-rejuvenation/ |title= Northland Rail Rejuvenation (project timetable) |publisher= KiwiRail |date= 2019 |access-date= 1 September 2019 |archive-date= 23 January 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200123015459/https://www.kiwirail.co.nz/what-we-do/projects/northland-rail-rejuvenation/ |url-status= dead }} In July 2020 it was announced that land purchased by the Northland Regional Council for the line had been purchased by KiwiRail, who have also engaged a real estate company, The Property Group, to purchase the remaining land for the route.

In addition to freight traffic, there is also the possibility of passenger services. The last passenger trains to service Whangarei were mixed trains and were cancelled in 1976. However, Northland Regional Land Transport Committee chairman Bill Rossiter suggested in February 2006 that passenger trains could be introduced (in the long term) for commuters between Ruakaka and Whangarei."All aboard for Ruakaka", Whangarei Leader, 21 February 2006. The population of Ruakaka and surrounds was expected to grow by 15,000 in the ten years from 2007, although the population at the 2018 census was only 2,586. Proposals for commercial precincts, residential subdivisions, and a tertiary education centre then led to calls for a commuter rail service and industrial development that would require a rail-road freight transit centre.Sandra K. Bogart, [http://coastalfocus.co.nz/issue3featuredarticles/marsdencitycentre/marsdencitycentre.html "Planning for the Future: Marsden Point City Centre and Northgate Park"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071021034327/http://coastalfocus.co.nz/issue3featuredarticles/marsdencitycentre/marsdencitycentre.html |date=21 October 2007 }}, Coastal Focus Northland, accessed 28 November 2007.

The Helensville railway station at the western extremity of Auckland's commuter network was New Zealand's northernmost main-line passenger railway station until services were reduced to Waitakere railway station in 2010;{{sfn|Churchman|Hurst|2001|p=97}} and to Swanson railway station in 2015 (because of low passenger traffic to Waitakere, and the expense of increasing clearance in the Waitakere tunnel for electrification).

• North Auckland Line
• Dargaville Branch
• Donnellys Crossing Section/Branch
• Ōkaihau Branch
• Onerahi Branch
• Opua Branch

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• {{Churchman & Hurst Railways of New Zealand}}

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• [https://web.archive.org/web/20071105225853/http://www.nrc.govt.nz/Your-Council/Council-Projects/Marsden-Point-Rail-Link/ Northland Regional Council's overview of the Marsden Point Rail Link]
• [https://www.kiwirail.co.nz/what-we-do/projects/northland-rail-rejuvenation/ KiwiRail – Northland Rail Rejuvenation]

{{NZR Lines}}

Category:Proposed railway lines in New Zealand

Category:Whangarei District

Category:Rail transport in the Northland Region