Matzuva
{{Short description|Kibbutz in Western Galilee, Israel}}
{{Infobox Kibbutz
| name = Matzuva
| image = Mezuba.JPG
| caption =
| hebname = {{Script/Hebrew|מַצּוּבָה}}
| meaning =
| stdHeb =
| altOffSp = Mazzuva
| altUnoSp = Matzuba
| arname =
| foundation = 1940
| founded_by = German Jews
| country = {{ISR}}
| district = north
| council = Mateh Asher
| affiliation = Kibbutz Movement
| popyear = {{Israel populations|Year}}
| population = {{Israel populations|Mazzuva}}
| population_footnotes = {{Israel populations|reference}}
| pushpin_map = Israel northwest#Israel
| pushpin_mapsize = 250
| coordinates = {{coord|33|3|48|N|35|9|30|E|display=inline,title}}
|area_dunam =
| mayor =
| website =
}}
Matzuva ({{langx|he|מַצּוּבָה}}), also known as Metzuba, is a kibbutz in the Western Galilee in northern Israel. Located to the south of the development town of Shlomi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Asher Regional Council. In {{Israel populations|Year}} it had a population of {{Israel populations|Mazzuva}}.{{Israel populations|reference}}
Etymology
The settlement was named after the nearby Byzantine-period town of Pi-ha-Masuba, a place mentioned in the Tosefta (Shevi'it 4:8-ff.) and in the 3rd-century Mosaic of Rehob.{{cite journal |last=Haltrecht|first=Ephraim|title=Pi-ha-Masuba |journal=Bulletin of the Jewish Palestine Exploration Society: Israel Exploration Society |pages=43|jstor=23727325|date=1948}}. The ancient Christian town was thoroughly destroyed in 613 or 614, never to regain its former size and wealth, but the name survived throughout the Early Muslim, Crusader, and into the Mamluk period. The remains of Byzantine-era Pi Metzuba, whose location was known from previous surveys, were actually discovered in 2020 along the road connecting Shlomi and Hanita,[https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/.premium-christian-town-destroyed-by-persians-found-in-northern-israel-1.8928015 Christian Town Destroyed by Persians 1,400 Years Ago Found in Northern Israel], Ariel David for Haaretz, 17 June 2020. Re-accessed 6 April 2023. a short distance north of Matzuva.
The name is believed to have been derived from mṣwbh, a Semitic root, meaning 'pyramid' or 'pyramidal pile'.p. 103 in: {{cite journal |last=Zadok |first=Ran |title=A Preliminary Analysis of Ancient Survivals in Modern Palestinian Toponymy |journal=Mediterranean Language Review |volume=9|pages=93–171 |jstor=10.13173/medilangrevi.9.1997.0093 |date=1995–1997}}
History
The village was established in 1940 by immigrants from Germany, members of the Maccabi HaTzair youth movement. After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, it expanded onto land that had belonged to the Arab village of al-Bassa, which was depopulated in the war.{{cite book|title=All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ |first1=Walid|last1=Khalidi|author-link=Walid Khalidi|year=1992|location=Washington D.C.|publisher=Institute for Palestine Studies|isbn=0-88728-224-5|pages=8–9}}
Economy
Due to economic problems, the kibbutz textile factory closed down in 2003.[http://www.haaretz.com/news/employees-petition-to-liquidate-kibbutz-matzuva-1.109004 Employees petition to liquidate Kibbutz Matzuva]
File:מצובה - מראה-JNF027290.jpeg|Matzuva 1942
File:מצובה - הילדים-JNF014011.jpeg|Matzuva 1943 JNF photograph
File:Matzuva aerial view 1946.jpg|Kibbutz Matzuva, 1946
File:מצובה - מראה כללי-JNF036381.jpeg|Matzuva 1947
File:מצובה - מיכלי המים במצודה.-JNF033078.jpeg|Matzuva water tanks & fortress 1947
See also
- Matzuva attack, a 2002 cross-border terrorist attack
References
{{Reflist}}
{{Mateh Asher Regional Council}}
{{Authority control}}
Category:German-Jewish culture in Israel
Category:Populated places established in 1940