Maurice Roche, 8th Viscount Fermoy

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{{Tree chart|Txt|Txt=Maurice Roche with wife, parents, and other selected relatives.{{Efn|This family tree is based on genealogies of the Viscounts of Fermoy,{{Sfn|Burke|1866|pp=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_K3MaAAAAYAAJ/page/n483/ 454–456]|ps=Genealogies of the viscounts of Fermoy}} and the earls of Clancarty.{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n360/ 344]|ps=Genealogies of the earls of Clancarty}} Also see the lists of siblings and children in the text.}}|boxstyle_Txt=border: 0 solid white; text-align: left;}}

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|ElnFG=Eleanor
FitzGerald

|MrcF6=Maurice
6th Viscount
d. 1600|boxstyle_MrcF6=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;

|CthFG=Catherine
FitzGerald}}

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{{Tree chart| | |DvdF7|y|JoanB|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|DvdF7=David
7th Viscount
1573–1635|boxstyle_DvdF7=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;

|JoanB=Joan
Barry

|WtO11=Walter
11th Earl
1559–1633
'Beads'|boxstyle_WtO11=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: wheat;}}

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|Sbjct=Maurice
8th Viscount
1597–1670|boxstyle_Sbjct=border: 2px solid red; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;

|EllPw=Ellen
Power}}

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{{Tree chart|DvdF9| |JnF10|y|CthCn|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|DvdF9=David
9th Viscount
d. 1681|boxstyle_DvdF9=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;

|JnF10=John
10th Viscount
d. 1694|boxstyle_JnF10=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;

|CthCn=Catherine
Condon}}

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{{Tree chart| | | | | | |DvF11|boxstyle=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em;

|DvF11=David
11th Viscount
d. 1703
Naval Officer|boxstyle_DvF11=border-width: 1px; border-radius: 0.5em; background: lavender;}}

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Maurice was born in 1597,{{Sfn|Ó Siochrú|2009|loc=paragraph 1|ps=. "Roche, Maurice (1597–1670), 3rd Viscount Fermoy"}}{{Sfn|Dunlop|Cunningham|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613970/page/460/ 460, right column, line 20]|ps=. "He was succeeded by his son Maurice Roche, eighth Viscount Roche of Fermoy (1592/3–1670) ..."}} probably in Castletownroche, County Cork, Munster, Ireland. He was the eldest son of David Roche, 7th Viscount Fermoy and his wife, Joan Barry.{{Sfn|Cokayne|1926|p=[https://archive.org/details/CokayneG.E.TheCompletePeerageSecondEditionVolume5EAGO/page/n158/ 299, line 15]|ps=. "VII. 1600. 7. David (Roche), Viscount Roche of Fermoy [I. [Ireland] ], only surv. [surviving] s. [son] and h. [heir] by his 1st wife."}} At the time of his birth, his grandfather was the 6th Viscount Fermoy (also counted as the 1st). His father was heir apparent and would succeed as the 7th Viscount in 1600.{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n459/ 455, left column, line 54]|ps=. "... 24 October 1600, he [Maurice, the 6th Viscount] d. [died] at his seat at Glanogher ..."}} His father's family, the Roches were Old English and descended from Adam de Rupe who had come to Ireland from Wales with Robert FitzStephen during the Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland.{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n458/ 454]|ps=. "The family of Roche was established in Ireland by Adam de Rupe of Roch Castle, co. Pembrokeshire, who accompanied Robert FitzStephen to that country in 1196."}}

Maurice's mother was a daughter of James de Barry, 4th Viscount Buttevant, by his wife Ellen MacCarthy Reagh.{{Sfn|Dunlop|Cunningham|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613970/page/460/ 460, left column]|ps=. "Roche married, before 1593, Joan daughter of James FitzRichard Barry, Viscount Buttevant, and his wife, Ellen MacCarthy Reagh."}} His mother's family, the de Barrys, were Old English like his own and descended from Philip de Barry, who had come to Ireland from Wales in 1183.{{Sfn|Furnivall|1896|p=[https://archive.org/details/englishconquesto00girauoft/page/126 126]|ps=. "Nat longe ther aftyr, come into Irland Richard de Cogan, Miles brother, wyth fair meygne from the kynge I-sent; & ther-aftyr yn the begynnyge of Marce come Phylype de barry, a man ..."}}

He was one of nine siblings, which are listed in his father's article. Of note are Redmond Roche, MP for County Cork, and Ellen, who married Charles MacCarthy, 1st Viscount Muskerry as his second wife.

About 1625 Roche married Ellen (Eleanor), daughter of John Og Power, son and heir of Richard Power, 4th Baron Power of Curraghmore{{Sfn|Dunlop|Cunningham|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613970/page/460/ 460, right column, line 28]|ps=. "About 1625 he married Ellen, daughter of John Power, son and heir of Richard, Lord Power."}}{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_K3MaAAAAYAAJ/page/n471/ 443, left column]|ps=. "Richard le Poer ... d. [died] 2 August, 1607, having had issue, I. John (Oge) his heir who d.v.p. [predeceased his father] ..."}} and sister of John Power, 5th Baron Power of Curraghmore.

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Maurice and Ellen had two sons:

1. David (died 1681), succeeded as the 9th Viscount but died in London unmarried{{Sfn|Cokayne|1926|p=[https://archive.org/details/CokayneG.E.TheCompletePeerageSecondEditionVolume5EAGO/page/n159/ 300]|ps=. "9. David (Roche), Viscount Roche of Fermoy [I.], s. and h., in 1650 'had a good party in the West of Ireland' in the Rom. Cath. interest. He d. unm., 1681, in London."}}{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n460/ 456, left column, line 10]|ps=. "David Roche, Viscount Fermoy, a naval officer, was drowned near Plymouth, in the great storm of 1703, and dying unm. [unmarried] was s. [succeeded] by his nephew "}}
2. John, succeeded as the 10th viscount and married Catharine Condon,{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n460/ 456, left column, line 4]|ps=. "II. John, m. [married] Catharine Condon, and had issue,"}}

—and at least one daughter:

1. Ellen, married William, Lord Castle Connell{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n460/ 456, left column, line 8]|ps=. "I. Ellen, m. [married] to William, Lord Castle Connell."}}

He succeeded his father as the 8th Viscount Fermoy on 22 March 1635.{{Sfn|Dunlop|1897|p=[https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofnati49stepuoft/page/68/ 68, left column, bottom]|ps=. "He died in the odour of loyalty at Castletown Roche on 22 March, 1635, and was buried on 12 April at the Abbey, Bridgetown."}} He is also counted as 3rd Viscount.{{Sfn|Ó Siochrú|2009|loc=Beginning|ps=. "Roche, Maurice (1597–1670), 3rd Viscount Fermoy, politician, was son and heir of David Roche (qv) and Joan, daughter of James FitzRichard, Viscount Buttevant."}} Lord Fermoy took his seat in the House of Lords of the Parliament 1640–1649 on 26 October 1640.{{Sfn|Dunlop|Cunningham|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613970/page/460/ 460, right column, line 30]|ps=. "He took his seat by proxy in the House of Lords on 26 October 1640 ..."}}{{Sfn|House of Lords|1779|p=136, left column|ps=. "Die lunae, 26o Octobris 1640o ... Maurice Viscount Fermoy is brought in, and placed by his proxy, the earl of Ormond ..."}}

Ireland suffered 11 years of war from 1641 to 1652, which are usually divided into the Rebellion of 1641, the Confederate Wars, and the Cromwellian Conquest. This eleven years' war in turn formed part of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms,{{Sfn|Morrill|1991|p=[https://archive.org/details/impactofenglishc0000unse/page/8/ 8]|ps=. "Yet there never has been any agreement amongst historians about what to call the crisis in England in the 1640s. Contemporaries in England saw it as 'The Troubles' or 'The Great Civil War'" or as the 'Great Rebellion'; while contemporaries in Scotland saw it as the 'Wars of the Covenant' and contemporaries in Ireland as the 'War of the Three Kingdoms'.}} also known as the British Civil Wars.{{Sfn|Pocock|1996|p=172|ps=. "Irish historians ... object, or so I have been told, to the term 'the British Isles' for reasons with which I can sympathise."}}

Phelim O'Neill launched the Rebellion from the northern province of Ulster in October 1641.{{Sfn|Dunlop|1895|p=[https://archive.org/details/DictionaryOfNationalBiographyVolume42_630/page/n217/ 205]|ps=. "In accordance with the final arrangements for the rebellion, Sir Phelim on the evening of 22 Oct. surprised Charlemont Castle ..."}} Fermoy was one of the first in the southern province of Munster to join the rebels and was the leader of the Confederates in Munster in the early times. In January 1642 Fermoy, together with Garret Barry, besieged Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, the most powerful of the Munster Protestants, in Youghal.{{Sfn|Townshend|1904|pp=[https://archive.org/details/journal04socigoog/page/n112/ 100–101]|ps=. "... in the beginning of January [1642] Youghal had surrendered to the Irish under Lord Roche and General Barry. ... My Lord [Cork] had some small notice of their coming, and therefore got with all his men into the castle ..."}} The siege was soon relieved from Lismore Castle by troops under his sons-in-law George FitzGerald, 16th Earl of Kildare, and David Barry, 1st Earl of Barrymore.{{Sfn|Townshend|1904|p=[https://archive.org/details/journal04socigoog/page/n113/ 101–102]|ps=. "... Lord Cork's sons-in-law, the Earls of Kildare and Barrymore, ... were under arms with 4,000 men ... These marched in good order and better resolution ..."}} On 2 March 1642 Donough MacCarty, the 2nd Viscount Muskerry, joined the rebellion.{{Efn|Muskerry changed sides on Ash Wednesday 1642.{{Sfn|McGrath|1997a|p=203, line 20|ps=. "He declared for his co-religionists on Ash Wednesday 1642 ..."}} Calculations with the [https://webspace.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/easter/eastercalculator.htm Easter Calculator] of the University of Utrecht or that of the [https://promenade.imcce.fr/en/pages4/440.html IMCCE] show that Ash Wednesday fell on 2 March in 1642.}}{{Sfn|M'Enery|1904|p=172|ps=. "Lord Muskerry joined the insurgents early in March [1642]."}} Muskerry was Fermoy's nephew by marriage as Muskerry's father had married Fermoy's sister Ellen in 1599 as his second wife.{{Sfn|Ohlmeyer|2004|p=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613857/page/107/ 107, left column, line 31]|ps=. "Donough's mother died in or before 1599 when his father married as his second wife Ellen (d. [died] in or after 1610), widow of Donnell MacCarthy Reagh and daughter of David Roch, seventh Viscount Fermoy."}} In March and April, Muskerry and Fermoy{{Sfn|McGrath|1997b|p=266, line 6|ps=. "In April 1642 he [St Leger] was besieged in Cork by Theobald Purcell, Richard Butler, and Lords Roche, Ikerrin, Dunboyne and Muskerry."}} with 4,000 men{{Sfn|Bagwell|1895|p=[https://archive.org/stream/dictionaryofnati41stepuoft/page/320/ 320, right column, line 52]|ps=. "In April 1642, during the siege of Cork by Muskerry with four thousand men, Inchiquin ..."}} unsuccessfully besieged William St Leger, the Lord President of Munster, in Cork City.{{Sfn|Bagwell|1909|p=[https://archive.org/details/irelandunderstua02bagw/page/3/ 3]|ps=. "... besieged in Cork 'by a vast body of enemy lying within four miles of the town, under my Lord of Muskerry, O'Sullivan Roe, MacCarthy Reagh, and all the western gentry ...' "}} In May and June 1642, Muskerry, Garret Barry, Patrick Purcell of Croagh, and Fermoy attacked Limerick.{{Sfn|M'Enery|1904|p=163, penultimate line|ps=. "The principal men among the besiegers were General Gerald Barry, Patrick Pursell of Croagh, County Limerick, lord Roche, lord Muskerry ..."}} The town opened its gates willingly,{{Sfn|Meehan|1882|p=[https://archive.org/details/confederationki01meehgoog/page/n46/ 28, line 11]|ps=. "The inhabitants ... opened their gates to the confederates ..."}} but the Protestants defended King John's Castle in the Siege of Limerick. The castle surrendered on 21 June.{{Sfn|Adams|1904|p=[https://archive.org/details/castlesofireland00adamiala/page/255/ 255]|ps=. "... capitulated on the 21st of June [1642]. Lord Muskerry took possession the next day."}} Fermoy was among the losers when Murrough O'Brien, 6th Baron of Inchiquin defeated the insurgeants at the Battle of Liscarroll on 3 September 1642.

When the insurgents organized themselves in the Irish Catholic Confederation, Fermoy was elected a member of the first Supreme Council, sitting from November 1642 to May 1643;{{Sfn|Cregan|1995|p=510 top|ps=. "First Supreme Council, 11 November 1642 – May 1643 ... Viscount Roche ..."}} and was re-elected for the second Supreme Council sitting from May 1643 to November 1643.{{Sfn|Cregan|1995|p=510 middle|ps=. "Second Supreme Council, May 1643 – November 1643 ... Viscount Roche ..."}}

He then lost influence but made a come back in the seventh Supreme Council.{{Sfn|Cregan|1995|p=511 lower|ps=. "Seventh Supreme Council, 17 September 1646 – 17 March 1647 ... Viscount Roche ..."}}

Fermoy was excluded from pardon of life and estate in the Commonwealth's Act of Settlement on 12 August and therefore lost his estates.{{Sfn|Firth|Rait|1911|p=[https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000046036137&view=1up&seq=605 599]|ps=. "That James Butler Earl of Ormond, James Touchet Earl of Castlehaven, Ullick Bourk Earl of Clanrickard, Christopher Plunket Earl of Fingal, James Dillon Earl of Roscomon, Richard Nugent Earl of Westmeath, Morrogh O Brien Baron of Inchiquin, Donogh Mac Carthy Viscount Muskerry, Theobald Taaff, Viscount Taaff of Corren, Richard Butler Viscount Mountgarret, Roch Viscount Fernjoy ... be excepted from pardon for Life and Estate."}}

At the Stuart Restoration he regained his title but not his estates.{{Sfn|Ó Siochrú|2009|loc=Last paragraph, penultimate sentence|ps=. "After the restoration of Charles II in 1660, Fermoy petitioned in vain for the return of his estates."}}

Fermoy died on 22 March 1670 and was succeeded by his son David, a naval officier.{{Sfn|Ó Siochrú|2009|loc=Last paragraph, last sentence|ps=. "He [Fermoy] died in relative poverty in 1670 and was succeeded by his son and heir David."}}{{Sfn|Burke|1866|p=[https://archive.org/details/agenealogicalhi00burkgoog/page/n460/ 456, left column, line 10]|ps=. "David Roche, Viscount Fermoy, a naval officer, was drowned near Plymouth, in the great storm of 1703, and dying unm. [unmarried] was s. [succeeded] by his nephew "}}

{{Notelist}}

{{Reflist}}

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• {{Cite book|last=Meehan |first=Rev. Charles Patrick |author-link=Charles Patrick Meehan |date=1882 |title=The Confederation of Kilkenny |edition=New revised and enlarged |publisher=James Duffy |location=Dublin |oclc=224157081 |url=https://archive.org/details/confederationki01meehgoog/}}
• {{Cite book|editor-last=Morrill |editor-first=John |date=1991 |title=The Impact of the English Civil War |publisher=Collins & Brown |location=London |isbn=1-85585-042-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/impactofenglishc0000unse/ |url-access=registration}}
• {{Cite encyclopedia|last=Ohlmeyer |first=Jane H. |author-link=Jane Ohlmeyer |editor1-last=Matthew |editor1-first=Colin |editor1-link=Colin Matthew |editor2-last=Harrison |editor2-first=Brian |editor2-link=Brian Harrison (historian) |date=2004 |title=MacCarthy, Donough, first earl of Clancarty (1594–1665) |encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography |volume=35 |publisher=Oxford University Press |location=New York |pages=107–108 |isbn=0-19-861385-7 |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_0198613857/page/107/ |url-access=registration}}
• {{Cite web|last=Ó Siochrú |first=Micheál |editor1-last=McGuire |editor1-first=James |editor2-last=Quinn |editor2-first=James |date=October 2009 |title=Roche, Maurice |website=Dictionary of Irish Biography |url=https://www.dib.ie/biography/roche-maurice-a7750 |access-date=28 June 2021}}
• {{Cite book|last=O'Sullivan |first=Mary Donovan |author-link=Maureen Donovan O'Sullivan |date=1983 |orig-date=1st pub. 1942 |title=Old Galloway: the history of a Norman colony in Ireland |publisher=Kennys Bookshops and Art Galleries |location=Galway |isbn=978-0-906312-21-6 |url=https://archive.org/details/oldgalwayhistory00osul/ |url-access=registration}}
• {{Cite book|last=Pocock |first=John Greville Agard |title=The British Problem, c. 1534–1707 |author-link=J. G. A. Pocock |editor1-last=Bradshaw |editor1-first=Brendan |editor2-last=Morrill |editor2-first=John |date=1996 |chapter=The Atlantic Archipelago and the War of the Three Kingdoms |pages=172–191 |publisher=MacMillan Education |location=London |doi=10.1007/978-1-349-24731-8_7 |isbn=978-0-333-59246-5 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-349-24731-8_7}}
• {{Cite journal|last=Townshend |first=Dorothea |date=1904 |title=The Irish Attack on Youghal in 1642 |journal=Journal of the Cork Historical and Archaeological Society |volume=10 |issue=62 |pages=100–102 |url=https://www.corkhist.ie/wp-content/uploads/jfiles/1904/b1904-025.pdf}}
• {{Cite book|last=Warner |first=Ferdinand |date=1768 |title=History of the Rebellion and Civil-War in Ireland |volume=II |publisher=James William |location=Dublin |oclc=82770539 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyrebellio01warngoog/}} – 1643 to 1660 and index

{{Refend}}

{{S-start}}

{{S-reg |ie}}

{{S-bef |before=David Roche}}

{{S-ttl |title=Viscount Fermoy |years=1635–1670}}

{{S-aft |after=David Roche}}

{{S-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fermoy, Maurice Roche, 8th Viscount}}

Category:1597 births

Category:1670 deaths

Category:Irish Roman Catholic Confederates

Category:Viscounts Fermoy

Category:People from Castletownroche