Maximo Kalaw

{{Short description|Filipino political scientist and novelist}}

{{Philippine name|Manguiat|Kalaw}}

{{Infobox officeholder

| name = Maximo Manguiat Kalaw

| image = Maximo Manguiat Kalaw.jpg

| caption = Photograph from The Commercial & Industrial Manual of the Philippines, 1941

| office = Secretary of Instruction and Information

| termstart = March 8, 1945

| termend = May 4, 1945

| predecessor = Carlos P. Romulo

| successor = Jose Reyes

| president = Sergio Osmeña

| office2 = Member of the National Assembly from Batangas's Third District

| term_start2 = September 16, 1935

| term_end2 = December 30, 1941{{efn|District dissolved into the two-seat Batangas's at-large district for the National Assembly (Second Philippine Republic).}}

| predecessor2 = Emilio Mayo

| successor2 = Position abolished
Position next held by Jose Laurel Jr.

| party = Nacionalista

| birth_date = {{birth date|1891|5|20}}

| birth_place = Lipa, Batangas, Captaincy General of the Philippines

| death_date = {{Death date and age|1954|3|23|1891|5|20}}

| death_place = Calapan, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines

| nationality = Filipino

| occupation = Political scientist, educator, author

| known_for = First Filipino head of the Department of Political Science, University of the Philippines

| alma_mater = University of Washington {{small|(AB)}}
Georgetown University {{small|(LLB)}}
University of Michigan {{small|(PhD)}}

| module = {{Infobox academic

| embed = yes

| notable_works = The Philippine Revolution
The Present Government of the Philippines
Democracy in the Philippines

| awards =

}}

}}

Maximo Valerio Manguiat Kalaw (May 20, 1891 – March 23, 1954) was a Filipino political scientist and novelist.{{Cite book|last1=Benson|first1=Eugene|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nGfMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1142|title=Encyclopedia of Post-Colonial Literatures in English|last2=Conolly|first2=L. W.|date=2004-11-30|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-46848-5|pages=1142|language=en}} He was the first Filipino head of the Department of Political Science at the University of the Philippines.{{Cite journal|last=Agpalo|first=Remigio E.|date=1990-12-01|title=The Political Science of Dr. Maximo M. Kalaw|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/01154451.1990.9754162|journal=Philippine Political Science Journal|volume=16|issue=31–32|pages=21–38|doi=10.1080/01154451.1990.9754162|issn=0115-4451|url-access=subscription}}{{Citation|last=Joseph Ponce|first=Martin|title=The Romantic Didactics of Maximo Kalaw's Nationalism|date=2012|url=https://www.universitypressscholarship.com/10.18574/nyu/9780814768051.001.0001/upso-9780814768051-chapter-1|work=Beyond the Nation|publisher=NYU Press|doi=10.18574/nyu/9780814768051.001.0001|isbn=978-0-8147-6805-1|url-access=subscription|doi-access=free}}{{Cite journal|last=Willoughby|first=W. W.|date=1923|title=Philippine Government. By George A. Malcolm and Maximo M. Kalaw. (D. C. Heath and Company: New York. 1923. Pp. xxiv, 373.)|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/american-political-science-review/article/abs/philippine-government-by-george-a-malcolm-and-maximo-m-kalaw-d-c-heath-and-company-new-york-1923-pp-xxiv-373/9567E1F6992B0D9281C866523518D44D|journal=American Political Science Review|language=en|volume=17|issue=4|pages=654–655|doi=10.2307/1943768|jstor=1943768|s2cid=147262054 |issn=0003-0554|url-access=subscription}} He argued for Filipino independence from the United States.{{Cite book|last1=Hoganson|first1=Kristin L.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c3jDDwAAQBAJ|title=Crossing Empires: Taking U.S. History into Transimperial Terrain|last2=Sexton|first2=Jay|date=2020-01-03|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-1-4780-0743-2|language=en}} He also served as assemblyman for Batangas's 3rd district from 1935 to 1941 and Secretary of Instruction and Information in 1945.

He was born in the town of Lipa, Batangas, in the Philippines.{{Cite web|title=Dr. Maximo Kalaw: the other Great Kalaw of Lipa during the American Colonial Era - Batangas History, Culture and Folklore|url=https://www.batangashistory.date/2018/03/maximo.html|access-date=2022-01-15|website=www.batangashistory.date}} He was the brother of Teodoro Kalaw. He studied at the George Washington University and Georgetown University. In 1924, he received a PhD from the University of Michigan. He was Dean of the College of Liberal Arts of the University of the Philippines from 1920-1936.