Mayor of New York City

{{See also|List of mayors of New York City}}

In 1665, Governor Richard Nicolls appointed Thomas Willett as the first mayor of New York. For 156 years, the mayor was appointed and had limited power. Between 1783 and 1821 the mayor was appointed by the Council of Appointment in which the state's governor had the loudest voice. In 1821 the Common Council, which included elected members, gained the authority to choose the mayor. An amendment to the New York State Constitution in 1834 provided for the direct popular election of the mayor. Cornelius W. Lawrence, a Democrat, was elected that year.

Gracie Mansion has been the official residence of the mayor since Fiorello La Guardia's administration in 1942. Its main floor is open to the public and serves as a small museum.

The mayor is entitled to a salary of $258,750 a year.{{cite web |url=http://www.lwvnyc.org/nycgovern.html |title=League of Women Voters of the City of New York – About Us |publisher=Lwvnyc.org |access-date=October 17, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111231120643/http://www.lwvnyc.org/nycgovern.html |archive-date=December 31, 2011 |df=mdy-all }} Michael Bloomberg, mayor of the city from 2002 to 2013 and one of the richest people in the world,{{cite news|title=Forbes Profile|url=https://www.forbes.com/profile/michael-bloomberg/|work=Forbes|access-date=July 1, 2013}} declined the salary and instead was paid $1 yearly.

In 2000, direct control of the city's public school system was transferred to the mayor's office. Thereafter, in 2003, the reorganization established the New York City Department of Education.

File:New York's New Solar System2.jpg revolves around Boss Croker in this 1899 cartoon in Puck.]]

Tammany Hall, which evolved from an organization of craftsmen into a Democratic political machine, was an American political organization founded in 1786 and incorporated on May 12, 1789. It became the main local political machine of the Democratic Party and played a major role in controlling New York City and New York State politics. The organization gained control of Democratic Party nominations in the state and city in 1861, and played a major role in New York City politics into the 1960s and was a dominant player from the mayoral victory of Fernando Wood in 1854 through the era of Robert Wagner (1954–1965). Its last political leader was an African American man named J. Raymond Jones.

The mayor of New York City may appoint several deputy mayors to help oversee major offices within the executive branch of the city government. The powers and duties, and even the number of deputy mayors, are not defined by the City Charter.

The post was created by Fiorello La Guardia (who appointed Grover Whalen as deputy mayor) to handle ceremonial events that the mayor was too busy to attend. Since then, deputy mayors have been appointed with their areas of responsibility defined by the appointing mayor. There are currently five deputy mayors, all of whom report directly to the mayor. The majority of agency commissioners and department heads report to one of the deputy mayors, giving the role a great deal of power within a mayoral administration.

Deputy mayors do not have any right to succeed to the mayoralty in the case of vacancy or incapacity of the mayor.

• Randy Mastro, First Deputy Mayor{{cite web |title=Mayor Adams Appoints Randy Mastro As First Deputy Mayor |url=https://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/162-25/mayor-adams-appoints-randy-mastro-first-deputy-mayor |publisher=NYC.gov |access-date=22 March 2025}}

: Advises the mayor on citywide administrative, operational, and policy matters. Oversees and coordinates operations of the Office of Management and Budget, the Office of Policy Planning and Delivery, the Department of Finance, the Office for Economic Opportunity, the Office of Minority and Women-Owned Business Enterprises, the Chief Efficiency Officer, the New York City Housing Authority, the Department of Housing Preservation and Development, the Office of Housing Recovery Operations, the Office to Protect Tenants, the Department of Small Business Services, the Department of Consumer and Worker Protection, the Department of City Planning, the Department of Cultural Affairs, the Office of Media and Entertainment, the Landmarks Preservation Commission, the Office of Talent and Workforce Development, the Public Design Commission, and New York City Tourism + Conventions.

• Camille Joseph Varlack, Deputy Mayor for Administration

: Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Department of Citywide Administrative Services, the Office of International Affairs, the Office of Operations, the Office of Civic Engagement (consisting of the Public Engagement Unit, NYC Service, the Civic Engagement Commission, and the Community Affairs Unit), the Office of Sports, Wellness & Recreation, the Office of Special Projects and Community Events, the Office of Citywide Event Coordination and Management, Gracie Mansion, the Office of Scheduling and Executive Operations, the Office of Advance, the Office of Correspondence, the Office of Asylum Seeker Operations, the Office of Innovation and Emerging Markets, the Office of Appointments and the Office of Administrative Services.

• Adolfo Carrión Jr., Deputy Mayor for Housing, Economic Development, and Workforce

: Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Economic Development Corporation, the Department of City Planning, Department of Housing Preservation and Development, Department of Small Business Services, Department of Cultural Affairs, New York City Housing Development Corporation and related agencies.

• Suzanne Miles-Gustave, Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services

: Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Human Resources Administration, Department of Homeless Services, the Administration for Children's Services, New York City Health and Hospitals, and related agencies.

• Jeffrey Roth, Deputy Mayor for Operations

: Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Department of Environmental Protection, Department of Sanitation, Department of Transportation, Department of Parks and Recreation, Department of Design and Construction, School Construction Authority, Department of Buildings, Taxi and Limousine Commission, and related agencies.

• Kaz Daughtry, Deputy Mayor for Public Safety{{cite web |last1=Sommerfeldt |first1=Chris |title=NYC Mayor Adams names four deputy mayors after mass resignations, holds off picking new top aide |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/2025/03/07/nyc-mayor-adams-names-four-new-deputy-mayors/ |website=New York Daily News |access-date=March 8, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250308204036/https://www.nydailynews.com/2025/03/07/nyc-mayor-adams-names-four-new-deputy-mayors/ |archive-date=March 8, 2025 |date=March 7, 2025 |url-status=live}}{{cite web |last1=Mays |first1=Jeffery |title=Eric Adams Names 4 New Deputy Mayors After Others Resigned in Protest |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/07/nyregion/adams-deputy-mayors-daughtry.html |website=The New York Times |access-date=March 8, 2025 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250308203444/https://www.nytimes.com/2025/03/07/nyregion/adams-deputy-mayors-daughtry.html |archive-date=March 8, 2025 |date=March 7, 2025 |url-access=subscription|url-status=live}}

: Oversees and coordinates the operations of the Fire Department, Department of Correction, Department of Probation, New York City Emergency Management, Mayor's Office of Criminal Justice, and related agencies.

• Ana Almanzar, Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives{{Cite web |date=May 26, 2023 |title=Mayor Adams Appoints Ana Almanzar as Deputy Mayor for Strategic Initiatives |url=http://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/365-23/mayor-adams-appoints-ana-almanzar-deputy-mayor-strategic-initiatives |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=The official website of the City of New York}}{{Cite web |last1=Hogan |first1=Bernadette |last2=Crane |first2=Emily |date=2023-05-26 |title=Ex-Cuomo official Ana Almanzar appointed as NYC deputy mayor |url=https://nypost.com/2023/05/26/ex-cuomo-official-ana-almanzar-appointed-as-nyc-deputy-mayor/ |website=New York Post |access-date=2023-08-16 |language=en-US}}
• Fabien Levy, Deputy Mayor for Communications{{Cite web |last=Gartland |first=Michael |date=2023-08-14 |title=Mayor Adams names new deputy mayor for communications |url=https://www.nydailynews.com/news/politics/new-york-elections-government/ny-fabien-levy-deputy-mayor-for-communications-mayor-adams-press-secretary-20230814-d7vmhcgtxvhwdhefmhsxkgtm7e-story.html |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=New York Daily News}}{{Cite web |last=Graham |first=Aidan |date=2023-08-14 |title=Adams appoints former press secretary Fabien Levy as Deputy Mayor for Communications |url=https://www.amny.com/politics/adams-fabien-levy-deputy-mayor-communication/ |access-date=2023-08-16 |website=amNewYork |language=en-US}}
• Tiffany Raspberry, Deputy Mayor for Intergovernmental Affairs{{Cite web |date=2025-01-13 |title=Mayor Adams Appoints Camille Joseph Varlack as Deputy Mayor for Administration, Tiffany Raspberry as |url=https://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/021-25/mayor-adams-appoints-camille-joseph-varlack-deputy-mayor-administration-tiffany-raspberry |access-date=2025-01-13 |website=The official website of the City of New York}}

Under Eric Adams

• Lorraine Grillo 2022 First Deputy Mayor
• Philip Banks III 2022–2024 Public Safety
• Sheena Wright 2023–2024 First Deputy Mayor
• Maria Torres-Springer, 2024–2025 First Deputy Mayor
• Chauncey Parker, 2024–2025 Deputy Mayor for Public Safety
• Meera Joshi, 2022–2025 Deputy Mayor for Operations
• Anne Williams-Isom, 2022–2025 Deputy Mayor for Health and Human Services

• Emma Wolfe 2020–2021 Administration
• Dean Fuleihan 2018–2021 First Deputy Mayor
• Anthony Shorris 2014–2017 First Deputy Mayor
• Vicki Been 2019–2021 Housing and Economic Development
• Alicia Glen 2014–2019 Housing and Economic Development
• Herminia Palacio 2016–2019 Health and Human Services
• Lilliam Barrios-Paoli 2014–2016 Health and Human Services

• Patricia Harris 2001–2013
• Stephen Goldsmith 2010–2011
• Daniel L. Doctoroff 2002–2008
• Robert K. Steel 2010–2013
• Dennis M. Walcott
• Howard Wolfson

• Joe Lhota 1998-2001—under Rudy Giuliani
• William Lynch 1990–92—under David Dinkins
• Randy Daniels 1992—under David Dinkins
• Barry F. Sullivan 1992–94—under David Dinkins
• Kenneth Lipper 1983—under Ed Koch
• Basil Paterson 1978-79—under Ed Koch
• Robert J. Milano 1978—under Ed Koch
• Herman Badillo 1977–79—under Ed Koch
• Osborn Elliott 1976-77—under Abraham Beame
• Robert W. Sweet 1966–69—under John Lindsay
• Charles Henry Tenney 1962-65—under Robert F. Wagner Jr

{{Further|List of New York City agencies}}

"The mayor has the power to appoint and remove the commissioners of more than 40 city agencies and members of City boards and commissions."{{cite web |url=http://a856-gbol.nyc.gov/gbolwebsite/390.html |title=Office of the Mayor |access-date=December 17, 2013 |publisher=New York City |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217224112/http://a856-gbol.nyc.gov/gbolwebsite/390.html |archive-date=December 17, 2013 |df=mdy-all }} These include:

• New York City Police Commissioner
• New York City Fire Commissioner
• New York City Criminal Court judges
• New York City Marshals
• New York City Schools Chancellor (as of 2002)
• New York City Mayor's Office of Management and Budget
• Commissioner of Health of the City of New York

The mayor of New York City is an ex-officio board member of the following organizations:

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• American Museum of Natural History
• Brooklyn Academy of Music
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden
• Brooklyn Children's Museum
• Brooklyn Museum of Art
• Brooklyn Public Library
• Carnegie Hall
• El Museo del Barrio
• Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
• Metropolitan Museum of Art
• Museum of Jewish Heritage
• Museum of the City of New York
• National September 11 Memorial & Museum
• New York Botanical Garden
• New York Hall of Science
• New York Public Library
• New York Shakespeare Festival
• Public Design Commission
• Queens Borough Public Library
• Queens Botanical Garden
• Queens Museum of Art
• Snug Harbor Cultural Center
• Staten Island Botanical Garden
• Staten Island Children's Museum
• Staten Island Historical Society
• Staten Island Institute of Arts and Sciences
• Staten Island Zoo
• Wave Hill
• Wildlife Conservation Society

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According to the New York City Charter, the governor of New York has the power to remove the mayor from office in response to allegations of misconduct, but the governor must hear the mayor's defense of the allegations before doing so.{{Cite web |date=2024-09-26 |title=No NYC mayor has resigned in decades. But here's what would happen if they did. |url=https://www.cityandstateny.com/politics/2024/09/no-nyc-mayor-has-resigned-1932-heres-what-would-happen-if-they-did/392217/ |access-date=2024-10-03 |website=City & State NY |language=en}}{{Cite news |last1=Mahoney |first1=Bill |last2=Reisman |first2=Nick |date=2024-09-26 |title=Hochul examining dormant power to remove a New York City mayor |url=https://www.politico.com/news/2024/09/26/hochul-new-york-city-mayor-00181349 |access-date=2024-10-04 |work=Politico}} The governor can suspend the mayor for 30 days while considering the allegations. In 2024, it was reported that Governor Kathy Hochul was considering whether to use that process against Eric Adams after his indictment on federal corruption charges. Prior to 2024, the last New York governor to consider exercising this power was in 1932, when (then Governor) Franklin D. Roosevelt considered removing Jimmy Walker as mayor, who was accused of taking bribes from city contractors; however, Walker resigned before Roosevelt could remove him.

The charter also provides a separate process for the mayor's removal without the involvement of the governor: a five-member "Inability Committee" is formed composed of the city's corporation counsel (head of the New York City Law Department), the speaker of the New York City Council, a deputy mayor (the mayor gets to choose which one), the New York City comptroller, and the longest-serving borough president; by a four-fifths vote, the committee can refer allegations of misconduct or incapacity to the City Council, who can then by a two-thirds vote permanently remove the mayor from office, or temporarily suspend the mayor. This process has never been used.{{Cite news |last=Oreskes |first=Benjamin |date=2024-09-26 |title=The Two Ways Eric Adams Could Be Forced From Office |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/09/26/nyregion/eric-adams-removed-from-office.html |access-date=2024-10-04 |work=The New York Times}}

In the event the mayor dies, resigns or is removed from office, the order of succession is the public advocate of the City of New York, then the comptroller of the City of New York.{{cite book|title=What Makes New York City Run? A Citizen's Guide To How City Government Works|date=2001|publisher=League of Women Voters of the City of New York Education Fund|location=New York, N.Y.|isbn=0-916130-02-9|pages=30–31|edition=Third|language=en|chapter=The Mayor}} The successor becomes interim mayor pending a special election.

The New York City mayoralty has become known as the "second toughest job in America."{{cite web|title=Why New York mayor is the 'second toughest job in America'|last=Gabbatt|first=Adam|website=The Guardian|date=April 22, 2021|access-date=March 27, 2021|url=https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/apr/22/new-york-mayor-race-covid-income-racial-inequality}} It has been observed that politicians are rarely elected to any higher office after serving as mayor of New York City; the last mayor who later achieved higher office was John T. Hoffman, who became governor of New York in 1869. Former mayor Ed Koch said that the post was jinxed due to divine intervention, whereas Michael Bloomberg has called the supposed curse "a statistical fluke."{{cite web|title=A curse? No higher office for NYC mayors|website=NBC News|date=January 31, 2008|access-date=March 27, 2021|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna22927885}}

{{Portal|New York City|New York (state)|Politics}}

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• List of mayors of New York City
• New York City mayoral elections (since 1897)
• Borough president
• Government of New York City
• History of New York City
• New York City Council
• New York City Public Advocate
• New York City Comptroller
• New York City Board of Estimate (1897–1990)
• New York City Civil Court
• New York City Criminal Court
• New York City: the 51st State

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{{Reflist|30em}}

• Arnold, R. Douglas, and Nicholas Carnes. "Holding mayors accountable: New York's executives from Koch to Bloomberg." American Journal of Political Science 56.4 (2012): 949-963 [http://people.duke.edu/~nwc8/arnold_carnes_holding_mayors_accountable.pdf online].
• Fine, Elizabeth, and James Caras. "Twenty-Five Years of the Council-Mayor Governance of New York City: A History of the Council’s Powers, the Separation of Powers, and Issues for Future Resolution" New York Law School Review (2013) 58#1 pp. 119–136 [https://digitalcommons.nyls.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1043&context=nyls_law_review online]
• Fuchs, Ester R. Mayors and money: Fiscal policy in New York and Chicago (University of Chicago Press, 1992) [https://books.google.com/books?id=pkwcmRkNokMC&dq=Mayor+new+York+city&pg=PR9 online].
• Hoffman, David C., Tiffany Lewis, and Don Waisanen. "The language of political genres: inaugural and state speeches of New York City Mayors and US Presidents." Proceedings of the New York State Communication Association 2017.1 (2021): 9+ [https://docs.rwu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1112&context=nyscaproceedings online].
• Holli, Melvin G., and Peter d'A. Jones, eds. Biographical Dictionary of American Mayors 1820-1980 (Greenwood, 1981) Short scholarly biographies of all NYC mayors 1820–1980; see list p. 410.
• Jackson, Kenneth T., ed. The encyclopedia of New York City (2nd ed. Yale University Press, 2010). [https://books.google.com/books?id=lF_uDwAAQBAJ&dq=Mayor+new+York+city&pg=PP1 online]
• McNickle, Chris. To be mayor of New York: Ethnic politics in the city (Columbia University Press, 1993) [https://books.google.com/books?id=ONlCSIMrV_kC&dq=Mayor+new+York+city&pg=PR9 online]; covers 1881–1989.
• McNickle, Chris. Bloomberg: A Billionaire's Ambition (Simon and Schuster, 2017), scholarly study of mayoralty. 2002–2013 [https://books.google.com/books?id=OjaCDwAAQBAJ&dq=mcnickle++Bloomberg&pg=PA1401 online].
• Reitano, Joanne. The Restless City: A short history of New York from colonial times to the present (Routledge, 2010).
• Rogers, David. Mayoral control of the New York City schools (Springer, 2009). [https://books.google.com/books?id=9xLCFZ0iSbEC&dq=Mayor+new+York+city&pg=PR1 online]
• Weikart, Lynne A. Follow the Money: Who Controls New York City Mayors? (SUNY Press, 2009).

• {{Official website}}
• [http://rules.cityofnewyork.us/codified-rules?agency=MAYOR Mayor] in the Rules of the City of New York

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Category:1665 establishments in the Province of New York