New York Botanical Garden

{{quote|The New York Botanical Garden is an advocate for the plant world. The Garden pursues its mission through its role as a museum of living plant collections arranged in gardens and landscapes across its National Historic Landmark site; through its comprehensive education programs in horticulture and plant science; and through the wide-ranging research programs of the International Plant Science Center.{{cite web|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|title=Mission and History|url=http://www.nybg.org/about/mission_and_history.php|access-date=April 12, 2012}}}}

As early as 1877, ideas had been circulating in New York City to create a botanical garden; funding could not be obtained at the time, although the efforts led to parkland being set aside for future use.{{cite book|last=Tanner|first=Ogden|title=The New York Botanical Garden|url=https://archive.org/details/newyorkbotanical0000tann|url-access=registration|place=New York|publisher=Walker and Company|year=1991|isbn=9780802711410 |pages=47–50 }} By 1888, the Torrey Botanical Society was promoting the construction of a large botanical garden in New York City. The Garden's creation followed a fund-raising campaign led by the Torrey Botanical Society and Columbia University botanist Nathaniel Lord Britton and his wife Elizabeth Gertrude Britton, who were inspired to emulate the Royal Botanic Gardens in London.{{Rp|2}}

In 1889, the Torrey Botanical Society's members decided to build the botanical garden at Bronx Park in the center of the Bronx, New York City's northernmost borough.{{cite web|url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/2311.pdf|title=Museum Building, Fountain of Life, and Tulip Tree Allee, New York Botanical Garden|date=March 24, 2009|publisher=New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission}}{{Rp|2}} The Lorillard family owned most of the land at that location.{{cite enc-nyc}}{{rp|147}} The city had already been given authorization to acquire the land as part of the 1884 New Parks Act, which was intended to preserve lands that would soon become part of New York City.{{rp|166}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.nycgovparks.org/parks/bronx-park/history|title=Bronx Park Highlights|publisher=New York City Department of Parks and Recreation|access-date=June 28, 2019}}{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1884/03/25/106145636.pdf|title=The Albany Legislators|date=March 25, 1884|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 8, 2017|issn=0362-4331}}{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1884/01/24/106138894.pdf|title=Proposed New Parks|date=January 24, 1884|work=The New York Times|access-date=January 8, 2017|issn=0362-4331}} Some {{convert|640|acre|km2}} of land surrounding the Lorillard estate was acquired by the City of New York as part of Bronx Park in 1888–1889.{{rp|147}}

By act of the New York State Legislature, the New York Botanical Garden was established on April 28, 1891.{{Cite journal|date=1891|title=An act to provide for the establishment of a botanic garden and arboretum|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=nyp.33433090742150&view=1up&seq=537|journal=Laws of the State of New York Passed at the Sessions ... 114th Session|pages=523–525|via=HathiTrust}} The garden occupied part of the grounds of the Lorillard estate and a parcel that was formerly the easternmost portion of the campus of St. John's College (now Fordham University);{{rp|147}} the latter included three graves of the Fordham University Cemetery, which were then relocated.{{Cite web|url=https://www.fordham.edu/info/27396/archives_and_special_collections/10580/fordham_university_history/2|title=Fordham University History: Fordham Cemetery|website=Fordham University Libraries|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200101023145/https://www.fordham.edu/info/27396/archives_and_special_collections/10580/fordham_university_history/2|archive-date=January 1, 2020|access-date=January 1, 2020}} The stated purpose of the act was:

{{quote|... for the purpose of establishing and maintaining a botanical garden and museum and arboretum therein, for the collection of and culture of plants, flowers, shrubs and trees, the advancement of botanical science and knowledge, and the prosecution of original researches therein and in kindred subjects, for affording instruction in the same, for the prosecution and exhibition of ornamental and decorative horticulture and gardening, and for the entertainment, recreation and instruction of the people.{{rp|2}}}}

As per the acts of incorporation, a board of directors would manage the NYBG. The board of directors included Columbia College's president and professors of biology, chemistry, and geology; the presidents of the Torrey Society, New York City Board of Education, and the Department of Public Parks' board of commissioners; the Mayor of New York City; and nine other members elected to the board.{{Rp|2}} The legislation would provide {{Convert|250|acre||abbr=}} within Bronx Park to the NYBG, and enable the board of directors to construct a library and conservatory, if at least $250,000 was raised within five years. If this condition were reached, the city would then issue $0.5 million in bonds.{{Rp|2}} The principal officers of the new corporation set up for the garden were Cornelius Vanderbilt II, Andrew Carnegie and J.P. Morgan, with Nathaniel Lord Britton as the new secretary.

Prominent civic leaders and financiers, including Vanderbilt, Carnegie, and Morgan, agreed to match the City's commitment to finance the buildings and improvements.{{Rp|2}} By May 1895, the $250,000 in bonds had been raised{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1896/05/10/archives/botanical-garden-plans-prof-brittons-lecture-before-the-gardeners.html|title=Botanical Garden Plans; Prof. Britton's Lecture Before the Gardeners' Club|date=May 10, 1896|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 6, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} but the plans had not been fully confirmed.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1895/06/13/archives/for-the-botanic-garden-only-11000-needed-to-complete-the-250000.html|title=For the Botanic Garden; Only $11,000 Needed to Complete the $250,000 Required Fund|date=June 13, 1895|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 6, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} The Board of Directors then asked landscape architect Calvert Vaux and his partner, Parks Superintendent Samuel Parsons Jr., to consult on site selection. The north end of Bronx Park was decided as the best location for the NYBG.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1895/08/18/archives/no-better-site-found-the-choice-of-bronx-park-for-a-botanical.html|title=No Better Site Found; The Choice of Bronx Park for a Botanical Garden|date=August 18, 1895|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 6, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} By August 1895, the architects had started a survey on the site. Because the Bronx River and various small tributaries ran through the park, drainage was a major consideration.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1895/08/15/archives/botanic-garden-survey-work-in-bronx-park-will-be-begun-within-a.html|title=Botanic Garden Survey; Work in Bronx Park Will Be Begun Within a Short Time|date=August 15, 1895|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 6, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} Though Vaux's preliminary layout was approved in October 1895, he died the following month.{{Rp|3}} The topographical survey was completed in March 1896.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1896/03/08/archives/plans-for-the-botanical-garden-work-to-be-begun-in-the-spring-2500.html|title=Plans for the Botanic Garden; Work to be Begun in the Spring|date=March 8, 1896|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 6, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} The master plan was created by a team that included Britton & Parsons, as well as landscape engineer John R. Brinley, landscape gardener Samuel Henshaw, botanist Lucien Marcus Underwood, and architects Robert W. Gibson and Lincoln Pierson (the latter from the firm Lord & Burnham).{{Rp|3}}

The LuEsther T. Mertz Library and Enid A. Haupt Conservatory were among the first structures at the NYBG to open. The Library was built between 1897 and 1900,{{Rp|4}} and the Conservatory was built around the same time, being completed in 1902.{{cite web|url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0481.pdf|title=The Conservatory, New York Botanical Garden|date=October 16, 1973|publisher=New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission}}

For over a century after its opening, the NYBG refused to charge admission.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/08/02/nyregion/bronx-garden-imposes-fee-for-admission.html|title=Bronx Garden Imposes Fee For Admission|last=Purdy|first=Matthew|date=August 2, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} Because of this, as well as insufficient government and private funding, its budget deficit started to increase in the 1950s. After the city cut the NYBG's budget in 1970, the garden was forced to remain closed for 3 to 4 days a week, and officials worried that this could eventually lead to permanent closure.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/22/archives/botanical-garden-feels-budget-pinch.html|title=Botanical Garden Feels Budget Pinch|date=December 22, 1970|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} In 1974, for the first time in the botanical garden's history, officials had to annually petition New York State Legislature for funds. That year, the NYBG announced a major renovation to the conservatory and the addition of a building dedicated to displaying plants in different habitats.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1974/03/13/archives/bronx-botanical-garden-sprouts-plan-to-erect-new-building-and-fix.html|title=Bronx Botanical Garden Sprouts Plan To Erect New Building and Fix Old One|last=Carmody|first=Deirdre|date=March 13, 1974|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} The next year, budget cuts related to the 1975 New York City fiscal crisis resulted in the NYBG being closed on weekdays for the first time in its history.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/12/27/archives/cuts-force-closings-at-botanical-garden-botanical-garden-curbs.html|title=Cuts Force Closings at Botanical Garden|last=Hess|first=John L.|date=December 27, 1975|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}

In 1988, the NYBG announced a renovation of its museum building, including the addition of a new annex, which was supposed to open in 1991.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1988/02/24/nyregion/bronx-botanical-garden-plans-an-expansion.html|title=Bronx Botanical Garden Plans an Expansion|last=Anderson|first=Susan Heller|date=February 24, 1988|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} By the early 1990s, the NYBG facilities were neglected. The garden did not have enough space in its parking lots to accommodate all its visitors, turning away potential guests. Many areas were neglected, except for the {{Convert|40|acre||abbr=}} surrounding the conservatory, and a wetland had even been created unintentionally due to a broken sewer.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1995/12/13/nyregion/garden-grows-in-new-direction-struggling-bronx-institution-aims-to-widen-appeal.html|title=Garden Grows in New Direction;Struggling Bronx Institution Aims to Widen Appeal|last=Martin|first=Douglas|date=December 13, 1995|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} A controversy arose in 1994 when the adjacent Fordham University proposed building a {{Convert|480|ft|m|-tall|abbr=|adj=mid}} radio tower for its radio station WFUV directly across from the Haupt Conservatory.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/07/06/nyregion/a-tower-pits-fordham-vs-botanical-garden.html|title=A Tower Pits Fordham vs. Botanical Garden|last=Dunlap|first=David W.|date=July 6, 1994|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} The dispute continued until 2002, after several years of failed resolutions, when Montefiore Medical Center offered to move WFUV's antenna to its own facilities.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/05/14/nyregion/deal-would-end-10-year-feud-on-fordham-s-radio-tower.html|title=Deal Would End 10-Year Feud on Fordham's Radio Tower|last=Elliott|first=Andrea|date=May 14, 2004|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}

By the mid-1990s, additions to the NYBG were being undertaken to reverse years of neglect. In 1994 the formerly free garden started charging an admission fee to fund these improvements as well as the continued maintenance of existing facilities. The Everett Children's Garden opened in mid-1998.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/04/19/travel/travel-advisory-a-children-s-garden-grows-in-the-bronx.html|title=Travel Advisory; A Children's Garden Grows in the Bronx|date=April 19, 1998|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} By 2000, the NYBG had requested $300 million for renovations, including a new gift shop and renovation of the greenhouses and roads.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/04/nyregion/botanical-garden-is-seeking-300-million.html|title=Botanical Garden Is Seeking $300 Million|last=Lipton|first=Eric|date=October 4, 2000|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} A new visitor center and gift shop were announced the following year, which would replace temporary facilities built in 1990.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/02/04/realestate/postings-9-million-project-new-york-botanical-garden-designed-hardy-holzman.html|title=Postings: $9 Million Project at New York Botanical Garden Designed by Hardy Holzman Pfeiffer Associates; Amid the Flowers, a Visitor Center|date=February 4, 2001|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} The new main entrance, with a gift shop, bookstore, plaza, restrooms, cafe, and information kiosks, was completed in 2004 at a cost of $21 million.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/04/24/nyregion/seeing-garden-trees-for-its-new-visitor-center-botanical-landmark-preserves.html|title=Seeing the Garden From the Trees; For Its New Visitor Center, Botanical Landmark Preserves the Landscaping|last=Collins|first=Glenn|date=April 24, 2004|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} Meanwhile, the addition of the library annex was delayed to 1994,{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38593879/|title=The Botanical Garden sows $32M project|date=October 7, 1992|work=New York Daily News|access-date=November 5, 2019|page=33|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}}} then to 2000.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1997/11/02/realestate/postings-new-for-new-york-botanical-garden-ivy-walled-herbarium.html|title=POSTINGS: New for New York Botanical Garden; Ivy-Walled Herbarium|date=November 2, 1997|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} Construction on the annex started in 1998{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/38594045/|title=Cornerstone unveiled for Bronx botany study center|date=September 29, 1998|work=Democrat and Chronicle|access-date=November 5, 2019|page=1|via=newspapers.com {{open access}}}} and it opened in 2002 as the International Plant Science Center.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/15/nyregion/beyond-flowers-grove-academe-refurbished-botanical-garden-looks-raise-scholarly.html|title=Beyond Flowers, a Grove of Academe; Refurbished Botanical Garden Looks to Raise Scholarly Profile|last=Collins|first=Glenn|date=April 15, 2002|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 7, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}

In 2000, the NYBG began raising money for a $300 million renovation campaign after the city government donated $22 million.{{Cite news |last=Lipton |first=Eric |date=2000-10-04 |title=Botanical Garden Is Seeking $300 Million |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2000/10/04/nyregion/botanical-garden-is-seeking-300-million.html |access-date=2023-08-02 |issn=0362-4331}} The NYBG's International Plant Science Center reopened in 2002 following a renovation.{{Cite news|last=Dunham|first=Jillian|date=2002-04-28|title=Travel Advisory; Seven Million Plant Specimens and Counting|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2002/04/28/travel/travel-advisory-seven-million-plant-specimens-and-counting.html|access-date=2023-08-02|issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite news|first=Jennifer|last=Weil|date=2002-05-01|title=$100M Study Center in Bloom|pages=121|work=Daily News|url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-100m-study-center-in-bloom/129286618/|access-date=2023-08-02}} Several other projects were completed and programs implemented in the 2000s. In 2004, the Leon Levy Visitor Center opened as the Botanical Garden's main entrance. It included the NYBG Shop and the Pine Tree Café.{{cite web|url=https://nymag.com/nymetro/arts/architecture/reviews/n_10358/|title=Flower Power|last1=Giovannini|first1=Joseph|date=May 6, 2004|website=New York|access-date=September 4, 2020}} The following year, the Nolen Greenhouses for Living Collections opened with its publicly accessible Bourke-Sullivan Display House.{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/05/05/garden/a-gardens-future-in-glass-houses.html/|title=A Garden's Future, in Glass Houses|last1=Raver|first1=Anne|date=May 5, 2005|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 4, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} The Plant Research Laboratory was completed in early 2005{{Cite news |last=Wolfer |first=Sondra |date=2005-03-10 |title=$23M Lab Taking Shape |pages=112 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-23m-lab-taking-shape/129285786/ |access-date=2023-08-02}} and opened the next year at a cost of $23 million.{{Cite news |last=Collins |first=Glenn |date=2006-03-12 |title=A Place to Work on Darwin's 'Abominable Mystery' |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/12/nyregion/a-place-to-work-on-darwins-abominable-mystery.html |access-date=2023-08-02 |issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite news |last=Wolfer |first=Sondra |date=2006-05-21 |title=23M Pfizer Lab to Study Plants |pages=43 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-23m-pfizer-lab-to-study-plant/129286022/ |access-date=2023-08-02}} In addition to restoring or redesigning existing gardens and collections, such as the Ladies' Border (2002),{{cite web |date=2004 |title=Ladies' Border |url=https://www.nybg.org/garden/ladies-border/ |access-date=September 8, 2020 |publisher=New York Botanical Garden}} the Benenson Ornamental Conifers (2004),{{cite web |last1=Raver |first1=Anne |date=October 28, 2004 |title=Forever Green |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/28/garden/forever-green.html |access-date=September 8, 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}} the Peggy Rockefeller Rose Garden (2007),{{cite web |last1=Collins |first1=Glenn |date=June 22, 2007 |title=Romancing the Rose in Its Infinite Splendor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/22/arts/22rose.html |access-date=September 8, 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}} the Thain Family Forest (2011), and the Marjorie G. Rosen Seasonal Walk by Piet Oudolf (2014),{{cite news |last1=Higgins |first1=Adrian |date=December 10, 2014 |title=Why We Need Horticulturists |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/home/why-we-need-horticulturists/2014/12/09/a63a152a-7cb4-11e4-b821-503cc7efed9e_story.html |access-date=September 8, 2020 |issn=0190-8286}} the New York Botanical Garden added new gardens and collections to its grounds: the Home Gardening Center (2005),{{cite web |date=2005 |title=Home Gardening Center |url=https://www.nybg.org/garden/home-gardening-center/ |access-date=September 8, 2020 |publisher=New York Botanical Garden}} the Maureen K. Chilton Azalea Garden (2011) by landscape architect Shavaun Towers of Towers|Golde LLC,{{cite web |last1=Rothstein |first1=Edward |date=May 5, 2011 |title=A Method Behind All the Wildness |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/06/arts/design/azalea-garden-at-new-york-botanical-garden.html |access-date=September 8, 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}} and Native Plant Garden (2013), by landscape architect Sheila Brady of Oehme, van Sweden.{{cite news |last1=Higgins |first1=Adrian |date=May 17, 2013 |title=Public gardens: A new model blossoms |newspaper=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/public-gardens-a-new-model-blossoms/2013/05/16/4adfd0dc-b737-11e2-92f3-f291801936b8_story.html |access-date=September 8, 2020 |issn=0190-8286}}

Off-site, the institution opened The New York Botanical Garden Midtown Education Center in Manhattan in 2010.{{cite web|url=https://www.nyc-arts.org/organizations/21913/midtown-education-center/|title=Midtown Education Center|date=2010|website=NYC-ARTS|access-date=September 4, 2020}} NYBG added a parking garage, the Peter J. Sharp Building, nearby in 2012, along with a Bedford Gate entrance to the Garden.{{cite web|url=https://www.bxtimes.com/nybg-opens-garage-and-intermodal-facility/|title=NYBG opens garage and 'intermodal' facility|last1=Rocchio|first1=Patrick|date=April 8, 2012|website=Bronx Times|access-date=September 4, 2020}} NYBG restored its Lorillard Snuff Mill in 2010 and it was named the Lillian and Amy Goldman Stone Mill.{{cite web|url=https://www.bxtimes.com/historic-stone-mill-restored/|title=Historic stone mill restored|last1=Mitchell|first1=Max|date=September 22, 2010|website=Bronx Times|access-date=September 4, 2020}} NYBG's Humanities Research Institute, supported by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, was created in 2014 to stimulate public discourse about humankind's relationship with nature and the environment.{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/new-york-botanical-garden-going-beyond-the-botany-1403229151/|title=New York Botanical Garden Going Beyond Botany|last1=Hollander|first1=Sophia|date=June 19, 2014|website=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 4, 2020|issn=0099-9660}} NYBG opened an on-site restaurant, the Hudson Garden Grill, in 2015.{{cite magazine|url=https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2015/04/new-york-botanical-garden-restaurant-hudson-garden-grill/|title=A New Restaurant Is Blooming at The New York Botanical Garden|last1=Beggs|first1=Alex|date=April 9, 2015|magazine=Vanity Fair|access-date=September 4, 2020}} It redesigned and reopened its East Gate entrance in 2017.{{cite web|url=https://www.norwoodnews.org/nybg-reopens-east-gate-following-10-year-3-3-million-renovation/|title=NYBG Reopens East Gate Following 10-Year, $3.3 Million Renovation|last1=Hanssen|first1=Adeline|last2=Cruz|first2=David|date=April 27, 2017|website=Norwood News|access-date=September 4, 2020}} The Edible Academy, an educational facility for teaching children, families, educators, and the general public about vegetable gardening, nutrition awareness, and environmental stewardship, opened in 2018.{{cite web|url=https://www.bxtimes.com/nybgs-edible-garden-to-bear-fruits-of-knowledge/|title=NYBG's Edible Garden to bear fruits of knowledge|last1=Wirsing|first1=Robert|date=June 25, 2018|website=Bronx Times|access-date=September 4, 2020}} In February 2020, NYBG announced that it was partnering with Douglaston Development to create affordable apartments on the northwest edge of the garden. {{Cite web|url=https://ny.curbed.com/2020/2/12/21134513/new-york-botanical-gardens-bronx-affordable-housing-project|title=New York Botanical Garden plans Bronx affordable housing project|last=Spivack|first=Caroline|date=February 12, 2020|website=Curbed NY|language=en|access-date=February 13, 2020}} In January 2024, the NYBG revealed a major rebranding, developed in partnership with global brand consultancy Wolff Olins. The rebrand included a new logo featuring a bespoke typeface "NY Botanical Gothic", as well as a new color palette.{{Cite web |title=The New York Botanical Garden Unveils Major Brand Refresh {{!}} LBBOnline |url=https://lbbonline.com/news/the-new-york-botanical-garden-unveils-major-brand-refresh |access-date=2024-01-31 |website=lbbonline.com |language=en}}

File:The New York Botanical Garden Stone Mill.jpg

The Garden contains 50 different gardens and plant collections. There is a serene cascade waterfall, as well as wetlands and a {{convert|50|acre|ha|adj=on}} tract of original, never-logged, old-growth New York forest.

Garden highlights include the 1890s-vintage Haupt Conservatory, designed by Lord & Burnham; the Peggy Rockefeller Rose Garden, originally laid out by Beatrix Jones Farrand in 1916; an alpine rock garden, designed and installed by Thomas H. Everett in the 1930s;{{Cite news|last=Ferreniea|first=Viki|date=1987-05-10|title=Westchester Opinion; Botanical Rock Garden, Completed in 1934, Gets a New Name|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1987/05/10/nyregion/westchester-opinion-botanical-rock-garden-completed-in-1934-gets-a-new-name.html|access-date=2021-03-03|issn=0362-4331}} an Herb Garden, designed by Penelope Hobhouse;{{cite news|last1=Donald|first1=Caroline|title=Gardening guru Penelope Hobhouse sells her Dorset house and garden|url=https://www.thetimes.com/life-style/wildlife-nature/article/gardening-guru-penelope-hobhouse-sells-her-dorset-house-and-garden-lz630hxx5tm|access-date=May 5, 2017|work=The Sunday Times|date=March 30, 2008}} and a {{convert|37|acre|ha|adj=on}} conifer collection. The NYBG's extensive research facilities include a propagation center, 550,000-volume research library, and an herbarium of 7.2 to 7.8 million botanical specimens dating back more than three centuries, among the largest in the world.{{Cite web |title=The William and Lynda Steere Herbarium of the New York Botanical Garden, Global Plants |url=https://plants.jstor.org/partner/NY |access-date=November 7, 2019 |publisher=JSTOR}}{{Cite web |date=January 24, 2019 |title=The William and Lynda Steere Herbarium |url=https://www.nybg.org/plant-research-and-conservation/tour/herbarium/ |access-date=September 8, 2020 |publisher=New York Botanical Garden}}

At the heart of the Garden is the Thain Family Forest,{{Cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/garden/forest/|title=Forest|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|language=en-US|access-date=November 9, 2019}} an old-growth forest. It is the largest existing remnant of the original forest which covered all of New York City before the arrival of European settlers in the 17th century. The forest, which was never logged, contains oaks, American beeches, cherry, birch, tulip and white ash trees, some more than two centuries old.{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/04/arts/where-the-lenape-trod.html|title=Where the Lenape Trod|last=Rothstein|first=Edward|date=November 3, 2011|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 9, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.timeout.com/newyork/blog/20-facts-you-definitely-didnt-know-about-the-new-york-botanical-garden-022317|title=20 facts you definitely didn't know about the New York Botanical Garden|website=Time Out New York|date=February 23, 2017 |language=en|access-date=November 9, 2019}}

The forest itself is split by the Bronx River, the only freshwater river in New York City, and this stretch of the river includes a riverine canyon and rapids. Along the shores sits the Stone Mill, previously known as the Lorillard Snuff Mill, built in 1840. Sculptor Charles Tefft created the Fountain of Life on the grounds in 1905.{{Rp|9}}

The Ladies' Border, originally commissioned by the Women's Auxiliary Committee in the 1920s,{{Cite news |date=1926-05-23 |title=Women to Improve Botanical Garden; Mrs. Arthur H. Scribner, Chairman of Advisory Council, Talks on Plans |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1926/05/23/archives/women-to-improve-botanical-garden-mrs-arthur-h-scribner-chairman-of.html |access-date=2023-08-02 |issn=0362-4331}} was designed by Ellen Shipman{{Cite news |date=1950-03-29 |title=Mrs. Ellen Shipman, Landscape Designer |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1950/03/29/archives/mrs-ellen-shipman-landscape-designer.html |access-date=2023-08-02 |issn=0362-4331}} and installed between 1931 and 1933. It consists of a sheltered area measuring {{convert|30|by|300|ft}} across, near the Haupt Conservatory.{{cite book |last=Miller |first=L.B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fHubd2-LIM4C&pg=PA29 |title=Parks Plants and People: Beautifying The Urban Landscape |publisher=WW Norton |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-393-73203-0 |page=29 |access-date=August 2, 2023}} In 2000, designer Lynden B. Miller created a new plan for the Ladies' Border.{{Cite web|last=Information|first=Plant|title=Research Guides: Ladies' Border: Home|url=https://libguides.nybg.org/c.php?g=655119&p=4597455|access-date=2021-03-17|website=libguides.nybg.org|language=en}} The Jane Watson Irwin Perennial Garden was designed in the 1970s by Dan Kiley and redefined by Miller in the 1980s and again in 2003.{{cite web|url=https://libguides.nybg.org/perennialgarden|title=Jane Watson Irwin Perennial Garden|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|access-date=February 25, 2020|first=Louise|last=Edeiken}}

File:Peggy Rockefeller Rose Garden NYBG jeh.jpg

The Pfizer Plant Research Laboratory, named for Pfizer, is a two-story. {{convert|28000|ft2|adj=on}} research building that opened in 2006. The laboratory studies plant genomics, molecular systematics, plant use in New York City's immigrant communities , and the processes through which plants create neurotoxins. The building has nine labs, one of which is a lab with robotic workstations on the second floor. Genomic DNA from many different species is extracted to create a library of the DNA of the world's plants. This collection is stored in a DNA storage room with 20 freezers housing millions of specimens, including rare, endangered or extinct species.

{{main|LuEsther T. Mertz Library}}

File:New York Botanical Garden April 2015 010.jpg]]

Founded in 1899 and named after supporter LuEsther Mertz, the LuEsther T. Mertz Library is located in the northern section of the NYBG.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/visit/interactive-map/|title=Interactive Map|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|language=en-US|access-date=November 7, 2019}} A 2002 New York Times article mentioned that the library had 775,000 items and 6.5 million plant specimens in its collection, while a book published in 2014 by the NYBG mentioned that the library had "550,000 physical volumes and 1,800 journal titles".{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G-cRBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA30|title=Flora Illustrata: Great Works from the LuEsther T. Mertz Library of the New York Botanical Garden|author=New York Botanical Garden|last2=Fraser|first2=S.M.|last3=Sellers|first3=V.B.|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|year=2014|isbn=978-0-300-19662-7|access-date=November 7, 2019 |page=33}} {{As of|2016||df=}} the Mertz Library still contained one of the world's largest collections of botany-related texts.{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/go-inside-new-yorks-nearly-secret-botanical-library-180959813/|title=Go Inside New York's Nearly Secret Botanical Library|last=Blakemore|first=Erin|website=Smithsonian|language=en|access-date=November 7, 2019}}{{Cite web|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/new-york-botanical-garden-mertz-library_n_577bc86de4b041646410a496|title=Welcome To The Library Hiding In A Garden Hiding In New York City|last=Brooks|first=Katherine|date=July 5, 2016|website=HuffPost|language=en|access-date=November 7, 2019}} The library is housed in what was formerly known as the NYBG's Museum Building or Administration Building, which started construction in 1897{{cite news|url=https://bklyn.newspapers.com/clip/38572907/|title=New York Botanical Garden|date=January 11, 1897|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|access-date=November 6, 2019|page=12|via=Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com {{open access}}}} and was completed in 1900.{{cite news|url=https://bklyn.newspapers.com/clip/38573300/|title=Harlem and the Bronx|date=March 27, 1900|work=Brooklyn Daily Eagle|access-date=November 6, 2019|page=15|via=Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com {{open access}}}} The structure was designed by Robert W. Gibson{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1896/11/28/archives/for-the-study-of-botany-a-quarter-of-a-million-dol-lars-for-a.html|title=For the Study of Botany; a Quarter of a Million Dollars for a Building|date=November 28, 1896|work=The New York Times|access-date=November 6, 2019|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}} in the Renaissance Revival style.{{Rp|1}}

{{Main|Enid A. Haupt Conservatory}}

File:Enid A. Haupt Conservatory.jpg

The Enid A. Haupt Conservatory, named after Enid A. Haupt, is a greenhouse near the western end of the NYBG. The conservatory was designed by the major greenhouse company of the late 1890s, Lord and Burnham Co. The design was modeled after the Palm House at the Royal Botanic Garden and Joseph Paxton's Crystal Palace in Italian Renaissance style. Groundbreaking took place on January 3, 1899, and the conservatory was completed in 1902 at a cost of $177,000. The building was constructed by John R. Sheehan under contract for the New York City Department of Parks and Recreation.{{cite book|last=Tanner|first=Ogden|title=The New York Botanical Garden: An Illustrated Chronicle of Plants and People|publisher=Walker and Company|year=1991|isbn=978-0-8027-1141-0|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VJ2kQgAACAAJ|page=90}} Since the original construction, major renovations took place in 1935, 1950, 1978, and 1993.{{cite journal|first=Linda|last=Koebner|title=Green house|journal=Landscape Architecture|volume=87|issue=5|year=1997|page=62}}

The conservatory houses numerous tropical plants and flowers, cacti and other desert plants, and rainforest vegetation. In summer months, the two pools adjacent to the conservatory display many varieties of lotuses and water lilies.{{cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/garden/conservatory/|title=Conservatory|publisher=New York Botanical Garden}}

The William & Lynda Steere Herbarium, in the International Plant Science Center behind the library, is one of the largest herbaria in the world, with approximately 7.9 million specimens.{{Cite web |title=Index Herbariorum - The William & Lynda Steere Herbarium |url=http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/ |access-date=December 19, 2024 |publisher=New York Botanical Garden}} after the French National Museum of Natural History in Paris. Founded in 1891, the herbarium quickly became a repository for many important collections. In 1895 the garden incorporated the herbarium of Columbia College, an acquisition of approximately 600,000 specimens, including the private herbaria of John Torrey and C. F. Meisner. In 1945 the garden incorporated the herbaria of the Columbia College of Pharmacy and Princeton University.{{cite journal|last1=Holmgren|first1=P. K.|first2=J. A.|last2=Kallunki|first3=B. M.|last3=Thiers|year=1996|url=http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/docs/brittonia_1996_collections.pdf|title=A short description of the collections of The New York Botanical Garden Herbarium (NY)|journal=Brittonia|volume=48|issue=3|pages=285–296|doi=10.1007/BF02805288|bibcode=1996Britt..48..285H |s2cid=31231903}} The herbarium is named after William Steere (son of William C. Steere) and his wife Lynda, who endowed the herbarium in 2002.{{Cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/plant-research-and-conservation/tour/william-lynda-steere/|title=William and Lynda Steere|publisher=New York Botanical Garden}}

The Index Herbariorum code assigned to this botanic garden is NY{{Cite web|url=http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/ih/herbarium-details/?irn=125525|title=Index Herbariorum|publisher=Steere Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden|access-date=29 November 2021}} and it is used when citing housed specimens.

In 2008, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation granted the NYBG $572,000 to begin a project called TreeBOL, the Tree Barcode of Life.{{Cite news |date=2008-05-04 |title=Leafing Through Catalog |pages=37 |work=Daily News |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/daily-news-leafing-through-catalog/129286394/ |access-date=2023-08-02}} By sampling the DNA from as many as 100,000 different species of trees from around the world, TreeBOL will document the diversity of plant life, and advance the process of plant DNA barcoding.{{cite web |title=Tree-BOL to Barcode World's 100,000 Trees |url=http://www.bgci.org/worldwide/news/0463 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171223160857/http://www.bgci.org/worldwide/news/0463 |archive-date=December 23, 2017 |access-date=May 4, 2008 |website=www.bgci.org}}

A staff of 200 trains 42 doctoral students at a time. Since the 1890s, scientists from the NYBG have mounted about 2,000 exploratory missions worldwide to collect plants in the wild.

In 1932, Thomas H. Everett expanded an existing training program into a robust curriculum for developing professional horticulturists. {{Cite web|title=School of Professional Horticulture » New York Botanical Garden|url=https://www.nybg.org/learn/school-of-professional-horticulture/|access-date=2021-03-15|website=New York Botanical Garden|language=en-US}} Patterned after diploma programs at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, the School for Gardeners combined academic studies with hands-on practical experience in a two-year, full-time program. With the exception of a hiatus during and after the Second World War, the School has trained students since then. Now called the School of Professional Horticulture, this fully-accredited program{{Cite web|title=Licensing & Accreditation » New York Botanical Garden|url=https://www.nybg.org/learn/school-of-professional-horticulture/licensing-accreditation/|access-date=2021-03-15|website=New York Botanical Garden|language=en-US}} continues to develop horticulturists of the highest caliber for positions in both public and private gardens.{{Cite news|title=CHOOSING A CAREER AS A HORTICULTURIST| work=The New York Times |url=http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1985/06/20/063991.html?pageNumber=57|access-date=2021-03-15|language=en}} After successfully completing the program, students receive The New York Botanical Garden's Diploma in Horticulture.

The New York Botanical Garden has mounted public exhibitions throughout its history. In 1992, NYBG began presenting what would eventually be called the Holiday Train Show, an annual exhibition of model trains running through a display of New York landmarks made of natural materials.{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/06/arts/design/06train.html|title=Where All New Yorkers Can See the City Anew|last1=Rothstein|first1=Edward|date=December 5, 2008|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} In 2002, it introduced The Orchid Show, an annual exhibition of orchid displays and designed installations with changing themes.{{cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/nybg-orchid-show|title=Living Chandeliers Are the Highlight of NYBG's Orchid Show|last1=Stamp|first1=Elizabeth|date=February 28, 2015|website=Architectural Digest|access-date=September 10, 2020}} Beginning in 2007, the Garden added an annual fall exhibition of kiku, Japanese chrysanthemums trained to grow in modern and ancient forms.{{cite web|url=https://riverdalepress.com/stories/a-japanese-take-on-the-famous-chrysanthemum,63848|title=A Japanese take on the famous chrysanthemum|last1=Sura|first1=Jeselsohn|date=October 27, 2017|website=The Riverdale Press|access-date=September 10, 2020}}

The New York Botanical Garden has also presented large-scale, stand-alone exhibitions, including: Sculpture from the Museum of Modern Art at The New York Botanical Garden (2002),{{cite web|url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/exhibitions/145|title=Sculpture from The Museum of Modern Art at The New York Botanical Garden|publisher=Museum of Modern Art|access-date=September 10, 2020}} Chihuly at The New York Botanical Garden (2006),{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/07/14/arts/design/14gard.html|title=Odes to Nature, Grand and Demure, at Two Bronx Gardens|last1=Johnson|first1=Ken|date=July 14, 2006|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} Darwin's Garden: An Evolutionary Adventure (2008),{{cite web|url=https://www.csmonitor.com/The-Culture/Gardening/2008/0529/charles-darwin-gardener|title=Charles Darwin, gardener|last1=Brown|first1=Jay Roy|date=May 29, 2008|website=Christian Science Monitor|access-date=September 10, 2020}} Moore in America: Monumental Sculpture at The New York Botanical Garden (2008–2009),{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/05/23/arts/design/23moor.html|title=Giants Amid the Blooms|last1=Kennedy|first1=Randy|date=May 23, 2008|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} Emily Dickinson's Garden: The Poetry of Flowers (2010),{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/04/30/arts/design/30dickinson.html|title=The Poet as Gardener and Tiger Lily|last1=Cotter|first1=Holland|date=April 29, 2010|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} Spanish Paradise: Gardens of the Alhambra (2011),{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304432304576371464130937144|title=Evolution of a Garden|last1=Kaufman|first1=Joanne|date=June 15, 2011|website=The Wall Street Journal|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0099-9660}} Monet's Garden (2012),{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/18/arts/design/monets-garden-at-the-new-york-botanical-garden.html|title=Giverny Blooms in the Bronx|last1=Johnson|first1=Ken|date=May 17, 2012|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} Manolo Valdés: Monumental Sculpture (2012),{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/29/arts/design/manolo-valdes-sculpture-at-new-york-botanical-garden.html|title=Reflections of Nature, Towering in the Grass|last1=Pogrebin|first1=Robin|date=August 28, 2012|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} Frida Kahlo: Art, Garden, Life (2015),{{cite web|url=https://news.artnet.com/exhibitions/frida-kahlo-botanical-garden-297592|title=Frida Kahlo's Vision Comes to Life at New York Botanical Garden|last1=Cascone|first1=Sarah|date=May 13, 2015|website=artnet|access-date=September 10, 2020}} Impressionism: American Gardens on Canvas (2016),{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/05/13/arts/design/at-new-york-botanical-garden-time-to-smell-the-impressionists-roses.html|title=At New York Botanical Garden, Time to Smell the Impressionists' Roses|last1=Kahn|first1=Eve M.|date=May 12, 2016|website=The New York Times|access-date=September 10, 2020|issn=0362-4331}} CHIHULY (2017),{{cite web|url=https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/dale-chihuly-new-york-botanical-garden|title=Inside the Most Visually Arresting Art Installation of the Year|last1=Foxley|first1=David|date=April 21, 2017|website=Architectural Digest|access-date=September 10, 2020}} Georgia O'Keeffe: Visions of Hawai'i (2018),{{cite web|url=https://hyperallergic.com/444938/georgia-okeeffe-hawaii-new-york-botanical-garden/|title=Georgia O'Keeffe's Visions of Hawai'I Blossom in the Bronx|last1=Frey|first1=Angelica|date=May 30, 2018|website=Hyperallergic|access-date=September 10, 2020}} Brazilian Modern: The Living Art of Roberto Burle Marx (2019),{{cite web|url=https://apnews.com/5cc139f2624245c8bd7bcfeba67bc8f7|title=Huge NY show honors Brazilian Modern landscape architect|last1=Roth|first1=Katherine|date=July 30, 2019|website=Associated Press|access-date=September 10, 2020}} KUSAMA: Cosmic Nature (2021),{{cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/event/kusama/|title=Kusama: Cosmic Nature|access-date=November 11, 2021}} and …things come to thrive…in the shedding…in the molting… by Ebony Patterson.{{Cite web |title=…things come to thrive…in the shedding…in the molting… » New York Botanical Garden |url=https://www.nybg.org/event/ebony-g-patterson/ |access-date=2023-07-29 |website=New York Botanical Garden |language=en-US}}{{Cite news |last=Heinrich |first=Will |date=2023-06-15 |title=Ebony G. Patterson Brings a Crowd to the New York Botanical Garden |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2023/06/15/arts/design/patterson-new-york-botanical-garden-review-vultures.html |access-date=2023-07-29 |issn=0362-4331}}

• Dr. Nathaniel Lord Britton (1891–1929){{cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/library/finding_guide/archv/NLBritton_rg4f.html|title=Nathaniel Lord Britton records (RG4)|date=2006|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|access-date=September 11, 2018}}
• Elmer D. Merrill (1930–1935){{cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/library/finding_guide/archv/merrill_rg4f.html|title=Elmer Drew Merill records (RG4)|date=2006|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|access-date=September 11, 2018}}
• Dr. Marshall A. Howe (1935–1936){{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/taxonomicliterat21979staf/page/347|title=Taxonomic literature: a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types|last1=Stafler|first1=Frans Antonie|last2=Cowan|first2=Richard S.|year=1976|edition=2nd|volume=I|location=Utrecht|pages=[https://archive.org/details/taxonomicliterat21979staf/page/347 347–48]|contribution=Howe, Marshall Avery|oclc=2709682|isbn=9789031302246|publisher=Bohn, Scheltema & Holkema}}
• Dr. Henry A. Gleason (acting, 1937–1938){{cite web|url=https://www.nybg.org/library/finding_guide/archv/gleason_rg4f.html|title=Henry A. Gleason records (RG4)|date=2006|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|access-date=September 12, 2018}}
• Dr. William J. Robbins (1938–1958){{cite book|title=Biographical Memoirs|last1=Kavanagh|first1=Frederick|last2=Hervey|first2=Annette|publisher=National Academy of Sciences|year=1991|volume=60|location=Washington D.C.|pages=301–306|chapter=William Jacob Robbins 1890-1978|chapter-url=http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/robbins-william-j.pdf}}
• Dr. William C. Steere (1958–1972){{cite journal|last1=Crum|first1=Howard|date=1977|title=William Campbell Steere: an account of his life and work|journal=The Bryologist|volume=80|issue=4|pages=662–694|doi=10.2307/3242430|jstor=3242430}}
• Dr. Howard S. Irwin (1973–1979){{cite web|url=http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/libr/finding_guide/irwin.asp.html|title=Howard S. Irwin records (RG4)|date=2006|publisher=New York Botanical Garden|access-date=September 13, 2018}}
• James M. Hester (1980–1989){{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/01/07/nyregion/james-hester-90-dies-guided-nyu-amid-challenges-to-become-a-major-university.html|title=James Hester, 90, Dies; Guided N.Y.U. to Become a Major University|date=January 3, 2015|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 13, 2018|issn=0362-4331}}
• Gregory Long (1989–2018){{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/04/20/arts/design/a-farewell-to-flowers-botanical-gardens-leader-steps-down.html|title=A Farewell to Flowers: Botanical Garden's Leader Steps Down|last1=Kahn|first1=Eve M.|date=April 20, 2017|work=The New York Times|access-date=September 13, 2018|issn=0362-4331}}
• Dr. Carrie Rebora Barratt (2018–2020){{cite web|url=https://www.bxtimes.com/ceo-and-first-female-president-of-new-york-botanical-garden-in-the-bronx-steps-down/|title=CEO and first female president of New York Botanical Garden in The Bronx steps down|last1=Bagcal|first1=Jenna|date=July 10, 2020|website=Bronx Times|access-date=September 4, 2020}}
• Jennifer Bernstein (2021–Present){{cite web|url=https://www.crainsnewyork.com/hospitality-tourism/new-york-botanical-garden-hires-nrdc-exec-president|title=New York Botanical Garden hires NRDC exec as president|last1=Poblete|first1=Gabriel|date=June 16, 2021|website=Crain's New York Business|access-date=August 31, 2021}}

The NYBG published The Garden Journal ({{ISSN|0016-4585}}) from 1977 to 1990 and from 1931 has produced the scientific journal, Brittonia.{{cite web|title=Brittonia|url=https://www.springer.com/journal/12228|website=Springer Nature|access-date=May 10, 2020|language=en|date=2020}}

The New York Botanical Garden was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1967.{{cite web|url={{NHLS url|id=67000009}}|title="New York Botanical Garden", January 22, 1976, by Richard Greenwood: National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination|date=January 22, 1976|publisher=National Park Service}}{{cite web|url={{NHLS url|id=67000009|photos=y}}|title=New York Botanical Garden — Accompanying 17 photos, from c.1962|date=January 22, 1976|publisher=National Park Service}} In addition, three structures are designated as individual New York City landmarks: the Enid A. Haupt Conservatory (designated in 1973),{{Rp|1}} the LuEsther T. Mertz Library (2009),{{Rp|1}} and the Lorillard Snuff Mill (1966,{{cite web|url=http://s-media.nyc.gov/agencies/lpc/lp/0121.pdf|title=Lorillard Snuff Mill, New York Botanical Garden|date=April 19, 1966|publisher=New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission|page=1|access-date=November 7, 2019}} also separately on the National Register of Historic Places).{{cite web|url=http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1727&ResourceType=Building|title=Lorillard Snuff Mill|date=September 15, 2007|work=National Historic Landmark summary listing|publisher=National Park Service|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605232030/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=1727&ResourceType=Building|archive-date=June 5, 2011}}

{{Portal|Architecture|National Register of Historic Places|New York City}}

• Education in New York City
• List of herbaria in North America
• List of botanical gardens and arboretums in New York
• List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City
• List of National Historic Landmarks in New York City
• National Register of Historic Places listings in Bronx County, New York
• Other botanical gardens in New York City
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden
• Queens Botanical Garden
• Staten Island Botanical Garden

{{Notelist}}

{{reflist}}

• {{cite book |last1=Lederman |first1=L. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sbdvDwAAQBAJ |title=Magnificent Trees of the New York Botanical Garden |last2=Forrest |first2=T. |last3=Long |first3=G. |publisher=Monacelli Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-1-58093-333-9}}
• {{cite book |last1=Long |first1=G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kjE0jgEACAAJ |title=The New York Botanical Garden: Revised and Updated Edition |last2=Forrest |first2=T.A. |publisher=Harry N. Abrams |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-4197-1975-2}}

{{Wikidata property|P6035}}

{{Commons category|New York Botanical Garden}}

{{Wikispecies|NY}}

• {{official website|http://www.nybg.org/}}
• [https://www.nybg.org/blogs/plant-talk/ Plant Talk: Inside The New York Botanical Garden] blog
• {{NYTtopic|organizations/n/new_york_botanical_garden}}
• [https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/000518651 Brittonia] at HathiTrust Digital Library
• [https://www.scimagojr.com/journalsearch.php?q=17349&tip=sid&clean=0 Brittonia] at SCImago Journal Rank
• [https://botanyjournals.blogspot.com/ Brittonia] at Botanical Scientific Journals
• {{cite web|title=The New York Botanical Garden: The Steere Herbarium|date=July 11, 2013|website=YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=idK7lAHvROc| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211117/idK7lAHvROc| archive-date=2021-11-17 | url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}
• {{cite web|title=The New York Botanical Garden: Mertz Library Tour|date=July 11, 2013|website=YouTube|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPM-dDSDIOs| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211117/QPM-dDSDIOs| archive-date=2021-11-17 | url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}

{{Protected areas of New York City}}

{{New York City Historic Sites}}

{{National Register of Historic Places listings in the Bronx}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:1891 establishments in New York (state)

Category:Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places in New York (state)

Category:Agricultural buildings and structures on the National Register of Historic Places

Category:Botanical research institutes

Category:Bronx Park

Category:Education in New York City

Category:Education in the Bronx

Category:Environmental organizations based in New York City

Category:Fordham, Bronx

Category:Greenhouses in New York (state)

Category:Herbaria in the United States

Category:Institutions accredited by the American Alliance of Museums

Category:Japanese gardens in the United States

Category:Museums in the Bronx

Category:National Historic Landmarks in New York City

Category:National Register of Historic Places in the Bronx

Category:Natural history museums in New York (state)

Category:Parks in the Bronx

Category:Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in New York City

Category:Protected areas of the Bronx

Category:Science museums in New York City

Category:Tourist attractions in the Bronx

Category:Urban forests in the United States