Mem#Hebrew mem

Mem is believed to derive from the Egyptian hieroglyphic symbol for water, N35 which had been simplified by the Phoenicians and named after their word for "water", mem (File:Phoenician mem.svg), ultimately coming from Proto-Semitic *may-.

{{Infobox grapheme

|name=Mīm ميم

|letter=م

|variations=

|image=

|imagesize=200

|imagealt=

|script=Arabic script

|type=Abjad

|typedesc=

|language=Arabic language

|phonemes={{IPA link|m}}

|unicode={{Unichar|0645|ARABIC LETTER MEEM}}

|alphanumber=24

|number=

|usageperiod=

|children=

|equivalents=

|associates=

|direction=Right-to-left

|fam2=𐤌|fam3=𐡌‎|fam4=𐢒‎, 𐢓‎}}

The letter is named {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|mīm}}, and is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:

{{Arabic alphabet shapes|م}}

Some examples on its uses in Modern Standard Arabic:

Mīm is used in the creation of ism words (i.e. nouns and adjectives; they are treated fundamentally the same in Arabic grammar). Specifically, {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|mīm}} is used in the creation of the masdar (verbal noun) of Stem III verbs (the masdar of verbs on the pattern fāʿala is mufāʿala), of subject and object nouns for verbs of Stems II-X (using the example of Stem II, subject nouns—called fāʿil words because of their form in Stem I—are mufaʿʿil for verbs of Stems II-X, and object nouns—called mafʿūl also because of their Stem I form—take the form mufaʿʿal for verbs of Stems II-X). Place-nouns are also created with {{Transliteration|ar|DIN|mīm}}; the pattern mafʿal is used to create maktab "office" from the triliteral k-t-b (to write) and maṣnaʿ "factory" from ṣ-n-ʿ (to make).

Hebrew spelling: {{lang|he|מֵם}}

Mem represents a bilabial nasal {{IPAblink|m}}.

In Hebrew, Mem, like Kaph, Nun, Pe, and Tzadi, has a final form, used at the end of words: its shape changes from {{Script/Hebrew|מ}} to {{Script/Hebrew|ם}}.

In gematria, Mem represents the number 40 in both the Standard and Mispar Gadol Methods of Gematria; However, (mem sofit) final mem's value is 40 in the Standard Method and 600 in the Mispar Gadol method. The Standard Method adds the values of Tav and Resh (400+200) to denote the value of mem sofit.

In the Sefer Yetzirah, the letter Mem is King over Water, Formed Earth in the Universe, Cold in the Year, and the Belly in the Soul.

As an abbreviation, it stands for metre. In the Israeli army it can also stand for mefaked, commander. In Hebrew religious texts, it can stand for the name of God Makom, the Place.

Mem is associated with The Hanged Man (Atu XII), the element of water and the path between Geburah and Hod on the Tree of Life.

{{Arabic alphabet shapes|ܡ}}

{{charmap

|05DE|name1=Hebrew Letter Mem

|05DD|name2=Hebrew Letter Final Mem

|0645|name3=Arabic Letter Meem

|0721|name4=Syriac Letter Mim

|080C|name5=Samaritan Letter Mim

|FB26|name6=Hebrew Letter Wide Final Mem

|FB3E|name7=Hebrew Letter Mem With Dagesh

}}

{{charmap

|1038E|name1=Ugaritic Letter Mem

|1084C|name2=Imperial Aramaic Letter Mem

|1090C|name3=Phoenician Letter Mem

}}

• Nun (letter)

{{commons category|Mem (letter)}}{{Arabic language}}{{Hebrew language}}

{{Northwest Semitic abjad}}

Category:Phoenician alphabet

Category:Arabic letters

Category:Hebrew letters

Category:Urdu letters

Category:Letters with final form