Michigan's 1st congressional district
{{Short description|U.S. House district for Michigan}}
{{use mdy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Infobox U.S. congressional district
|state = Michigan
|district number = 1
| image name = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|from=Michigan's 1st congressional district (2023–2033).map|frame-height=300|frame-width=400|frame-latitude=46|frame-longitude=-86|zoom=6|overlay-horizontal-alignment=right|overlay-vertical-alignment=bottom|overlay=100px}}
| image width =
| image caption = Interactive map of district boundaries since January 3, 2023
|representative = Jack Bergman
|party = Republican
|residence = Watersmeet
|distribution ref=[https://www2.census.gov/geo/relfiles/cdsld13/26/ur_cd_26.txt Michigan congressional districts by urban and rural population and land area]
|percent urban = 36.58
|percent rural = 63.42
|population year = 2023
|median income = $62,145{{Cite web | url=https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=26&cd=01 |title = My Congressional District}}
| percent white = 89.4
| percent hispanic = 2.0
| percent black = 0.9
| percent asian = 0.5
| percent native american = 2.4
| percent more than one race = 4.4
| percent other race = 0.3
}}
Michigan's 1st congressional district is a United States congressional district that fully contains the 15 counties of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and 20 counties of Northern Michigan in the Lower Peninsula. The district is currently represented by Republican Jack Bergman.
Characteristics
The district is the second-largest congressional district east of the Mississippi River by land area, only behind Maine's 2nd congressional district. Its boundaries contain the entire Upper Peninsula of Michigan and much of the northern part of the Lower Peninsula. Altogether, the district makes up about 44% of the land area of the state of Michigan yet contains only 7% of Michigan's population. It contains the second-longest shoreline of any district in the United States, behind Alaska's at-large congressional district.
Counties and municipalities
For the 118th and successive Congresses (based on redistricting following the 2020 census), the district contains all or portions of the following counties and municipalities:[https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST26/CD118_MA01.pdf https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/cong_dist/cd118/cd_based/ST26/CD118_MI01.pdf]
Alcona County (13)
: All 13 municipalities
Alger County (10)
: All 10 municipalities
Alpena County (10)
: All 10 municipalities
Antrim County (20)
: All 20 municipalities
Arenac County (18)
: All 18 municipalities
Baraga County (7)
: All 7 municipalities
Benzie County (7)
: All 7 municipalities
Charlevoix County (19)
: All 19 municipalities
Cheboygan County (22)
: All 22 municipalities
Chippewa County (18)
: All 18 municipalities
Crawford County (7)
: All 7 municipalities
Delta County (17)
: All 17 municipalities
Dickinson County (10)
: All 10 municipalities
Emmet County (21)
: All 21 municipalities
Gogebic County (9)
: All 9 municipalities
: All 16 municipalities
Houghton County (21)
: All 21 municipalities
Iosco County (14)
: All 14 municipalities
Iron County (5)
: All 5 municipalities
Kalkaska County (13)
: All 13 municipalities
Keweenaw County (6)
: All 6 municipalities
Leelanau County (15)
: All 15 municipalities
Luce County (5)
: All 5 municipalities
Mackinac County (13)
: All 13 municipalities
Marquette County (22)
: All 22 municipalities
Menominee County (19)
: All 19 municipalities
Missaukee County (17)
: All 17 municipalities
: All 9 municipalities
Ogemaw County (17)
: All 17 municipalities
Ontonagon County (12)
: All 12 municipalities
Oscoda County (6)
: All 6 municipalities
Otsego County (11)
: All 11 municipalities
Presque Isle County (18)
: All 18 municipalities
Roscommon County (12)
: All 12 municipalities
: All 9 municipalities
Wexford County (5)
: Buckley, Greenwood Township, Hanover Township, Liberty Township, Wexford Township (part; also 2nd)
History
Prior to 1992, the 1st congressional district was a Detroit-based congressional district. From the election of Republican John B. Sosnowski in 1925 until 1964, the former 1st district was represented by only one non-Polish-American politician, Robert H. Clancy. Along with Sosnowski, 6 Polish-Americans served as the 1st district's representatives elected 7 times, since 1925. The other strong Polish Michigan congressional districts were the 15th district (where half of the elected were Polish-American) and the dissolved 16th district (where all three elected representatives were of Polish descent). In 1964, the 1st congressional district was drawn as a new, African-American majority district reflecting the changing demographics of Detroit, while enough of the old 1st district was moved to the 14th district so that the 14th district retained the 1st's old congressman. John Conyers was elected to congress from the 1st district, a position he would hold until the 1st was removed from Detroit.
After 1992, the 1st district covered land in the UP and Northern Michigan. Most of this territory had been known as the 11th district from 1892 to 1992. The 1st from 1992 to 2002 was similar to the present district, except that it did not extend nearly as far south along Lake Michigan, while it took in Traverse City and some surrounding areas on the west side of the state.
Recent election results from statewide races
class=wikitable
! Year ! Office ! Resultshttps://davesredistricting.org/maps#viewmap::287ace43-1a66-4686-b596-949f578971a8 |
|2008
| align="right" {{party shading/Democratic}}|Obama 49% - 48% |
|2012
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Romney 55% - 45% |
|2016
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Trump 59% - 36% |
rowspan=3|2018
| Senate | align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|James 55% - 43% |
Governor
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Schuette 54% - 43% |
Attorney General
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Leonard 57% - 38% |
rowspan=2|2020
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Trump 59% - 39% |
Senate
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|James 59% - 40% |
rowspan=3|2022
| Governor | align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Dixon 54% - 44% |
Secretary of State
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Karamo 53% - 44% |
Attorney General
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|DePerno 55% - 43% |
rowspan=2|2024
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Trump 60% - 38% |
Senate
| align="right" {{party shading/Republican}}|Rogers 58% - 38% |
List of members representing the district
class=wikitable style="text-align:center"
! Member ! Party ! Years ! Cong ! Electoral history ! District location |
style="height:3em"
| colspan=6 | District created March 4, 1843 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1843 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|28|30}} | Elected in 1843. | rowspan=3 | 1843–1853 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1849 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|31}} | Elected in 1848. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Whig}} | Whig | nowrap | March 4, 1851 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|32}} | Elected in 1850. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1853 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|33}} | Elected in 1852. | rowspan=6 | 1853–1863 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | {{Party shading/Opposition}} | Opposition | nowrap | March 4, 1855 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|34}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 1854. |
style="height:3em"
| {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1857 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|35}} |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | George B. Cooper | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1859 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|36}} | Elected in 1858. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | May 15, 1860 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|36}} | Won election contest. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1861 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|37}} | Elected in 1860. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1863 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|38|41}} | Redistricted from the {{ushr|Michigan|2|C}} and re-elected in 1862. | rowspan=2 | 1863–1873 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1871 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|42}} | Elected in 1870. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1873 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|43}} | Elected in 1872. | rowspan=5 | 1873–1883 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1875 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|44|45}} | Elected in 1874. |
style="height:3em"
| colspan=2 | Vacant | nowrap | December 21, 1878 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|45}} | |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1879 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|46}} | Elected in 1878. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1881 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|47}} | Elected in 1880. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | DemocraticWilliam C. Maybury was elected as a fusion candidate, but was seated in Congress with the Democratic Party. | nowrap | March 4, 1883 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|48|49}} | Elected in 1882. | rowspan=2 | 1883–1893 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | March 4, 1887 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|50|53}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 1886. |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=4 | 1893–1903 |
style="height:3em"
| colspan=2 | Vacant | nowrap | August 17, 1893 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|53}} | |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | December 4, 1893 – | Elected to finish Chipman's term. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1895 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|54|57}} | Elected in 1894. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1903 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|58}} | Elected in 1902. | rowspan=3 | 1903–1913 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1905 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|59|61}} | Elected in 1904. |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | March 4, 1911 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|62|66}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 1910. |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=5 | 1913–1933 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1921 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|67}} | Elected in 1920. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1923 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|68}} | Elected in 1922. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1925 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|69}} | Elected in 1924. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | nowrap | March 4, 1927 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|70|72}} | Elected in 1926. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | March 4, 1933 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|73|75}} | Elected in 1932. | rowspan=2 | 1933–1943 |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | DemocraticRudolph G. Tenerowicz campaigned as a Republican in 1946, 1948, 1950, 1952, and 1954. | nowrap | January 3, 1939 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|76|77}} | Elected in 1938. |
style="height:3em"
| align=left | 100px | {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | nowrap | January 3, 1943 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|78|81}} | Elected in 1942. | rowspan=2 | 1943–1953 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | January 3, 1951 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|82|87}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 1950. |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=3 | 1953–1963 |
style="height:3em"
| colspan=2 | Vacant | nowrap | September 18, 1961 – | {{USCongressOrdinal|87}} | |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | November 7, 1961 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|87|88}} | rowspan=2 | Elected to finish Machrowicz's term. |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 | 1963–1973 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=3 align=left | 100px | rowspan=3 {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | rowspan=3 nowrap | January 3, 1965 – | rowspan=3 | {{USCongressOrdinal|89|102}} | rowspan=3 | Elected in 1964. |
style="height:3em"
| 1973–1983 |
style="height:3em"
| 1983–1993 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Democratic}} | Democratic | rowspan=2 nowrap | January 3, 1993 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|103|111}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 1992. | 1993–2003 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 | 2003–2013 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | rowspan=2 nowrap | January 3, 2011 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|112|114}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 2010. |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 | 2013–2023 |
style="height:3em"
| rowspan=2 align=left | 100px | rowspan=2 {{party shading/Republican}} | Republican | rowspan=2 nowrap | January 3, 2017 – | rowspan=2 | {{USCongressOrdinal|115|Present}} | rowspan=2 | Elected in 2016. |
style="height:3em"
| 2023–present |
Elections
= 2012 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2012{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/2012-election/results/house/michigan|title=2012 Michigan House Results|website=Politico}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|candidate=Dan Benishek (incumbent)|party=Republican Party (United States)|votes=167,060|percentage=48.1}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|candidate=Gary McDowell|party=Democratic Party (United States)|votes=165,179|percentage=47.6}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|candidate=Emily Salvette|party=Libertarian Party (United States)|votes=10,630|percentage=3.1}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|candidate=Ellis Boal|party=Green Party (United States)|votes=4,168|percentage=1.2}}
{{Election box total no change|votes=347,037|percentage=100.0}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|winner=Republican Party (United States)}}
{{Election box end}}
= 2014 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2014{{Cite web|url=https://mielections.us/election/results/14GEN/|title=2014 Michigan Official General Election Results - 11/04/2014}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Dan Benishek (incumbent)|votes=130,414|percentage=52.1}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Jerry Cannon|votes=113,263|percentage=45.3}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Libertarian Party (United States)|candidate=Loel Gnadt|votes=3,823|percentage=1.5}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Green Party (United States)|candidate=Ellis Boal|votes=2,631|percentage=1.1}}
{{Election box total no change|votes=250,131|percentage=100.0}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|winner=Republican Party (United States)}}
{{Election box end}}
= 2016 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2016{{cite web|url=https://mielections.us/election/results/2016GEN_CENR.html|title=2016 Michigan Election Results - Official Results|publisher=Michigan Department of State|date=November 8, 2016|access-date=December 9, 2016}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Jack Bergman|votes=197,777|percentage=54.9}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Lon Johnson|votes=144,334|percentage=40.1}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Libertarian Party (United States)|candidate=Diane Bostow|votes=13,386|percentage=3.7}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Green Party (United States)|candidate=Ellis Boal|votes=4,774|percentage=1.3}}
{{Election box total no change|votes=360,271|percentage=100.0}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|winner=Republican Party (United States)}}
{{Election box end}}
= 2018 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2018{{Cite web|url=https://www.politico.com/election-results/2018/michigan/|title = Michigan Election Results 2018: Live Midterm Map by County & Analysis|website = Politico}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Jack Bergman (incumbent)|votes=187,251|percentage=56.3}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Matt Morgan|votes=145,246|percentage=43.7}}
{{Election box total no change|votes=332,497|percentage=100.0}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|winner=Republican Party (United States)}}
{{Election box end}}
= 2020 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2020{{cite web |title=2020 Michigan Election Results Official |url=https://mielections.us/election/results/2020GEN_CENR.html |website=Michigan Secretary of State |access-date=November 23, 2020}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change|party=Republican Party (United States)|candidate=Jack Bergman (incumbent)|votes=256,581|percentage=61.7}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Democratic Party (United States)|candidate=Dana Ferguson|votes=153,328|percentage=36.8}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change|party=Libertarian Party (United States)|candidate=Ben Boren|votes=6,310|percentage=1.5}}
{{Election box total no change|votes=416,219|percentage=100.0}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|winner=Republican Party (United States)}}
{{Election box end}}
= 2022 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2022{{cite web|url=https://mielections.us/election/results/2022GEN_CENR.html|title=2022 Michigan Election Results|publisher=Michigan Department of State|date=November 8, 2022|access-date=July 8, 2024}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Jack Bergman (incumbent)
| party = Republican Party (United States)
| votes = 233,094
| percentage = 59.9
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Bob Lorinser
| party = Democratic Party (United States)
| votes = 145,403
| percentage = 37.4
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Liz Hakola
| party = Working Class Party
| votes = 5,510
| percentage = 1.4
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
| candidate = Andrew Gale
| party = Libertarian Party (United States)
| votes = 4,592
| percentage = 1.1
}}
{{Election box total no change
| votes = 388,599
| percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
| winner = Republican Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
= 2024 =
{{Election box begin no change|title=Michigan's 1st congressional district, 2024{{cite web|url=https://mvic.sos.state.mi.us/votehistory/Index?type=C&electionDate=11-5-2024|title=2024 Michigan Election Results|publisher=Michigan Department of State|date=November 22, 2024}}}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
|party=Republican Party (United States)
|candidate=Jack Bergman (incumbent)
|votes=282,264
|percentage=59.2
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party=Democratic Party (United States)
|candidate=Callie Barr
|votes=180,937
|percentage=37.9
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party=Working Class Party
|candidate=Liz Hakola
|votes=8,497
|percentage=1.8
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party=Libertarian Party (United States)
|candidate=Andrew Gale
|votes=5,486
|percentage=1.2
}}
{{Election box total no change
|votes=477,184
|percentage=100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
|winner=Republican Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}
See also
{{portal|United States|Michigan}}
Notes
References
- [http://www.govtrack.us/congress/findyourreps.xpd?state=MI&district=1 Govtrack.us for the 1st District] - Lists current Senators and representative, and map showing district outline
- [http://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/usrep.html The Political graveyard: U.S. Representatives from Michigan, 1807–2003]
- [http://www.legislature.mi.gov/(S(bh0gg4454mkrpj55i03lixvj))/documents/publications/manual/2003-2004/2003-mm-0606-0624-USRep.pdf U.S. Representatives 1837–2003], Michigan Manual 2003–2004
- {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1989|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}
- {{cite book|title = The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts|last = Martis|first = Kenneth C.|year = 1982|publisher = Macmillan Publishing Company|location = New York}}
- [https://web.archive.org/web/20100423082228/http://bioguide.congress.gov/biosearch/biosearch.asp Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present]
External links
- [https://bergman.house.gov/ Rep. Jack Bergman's official House of Representatives website]
{{USCongDistStateMI}}
{{coord|46|09|26|N|86|26|13|W|region:US_type:city_source:kolossus-eswiki|display=title}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Michigan's 1st Congressional District}}
Category:Upper Peninsula of Michigan
Category:Constituencies established in 1843