Minuscule 4

The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book), containing an almost complete text of the four Gospels with four gaps (Matthew 2:9-20; Mark 15:42-16:14; John 1:1-13.49-3:11), consisting of 212 parchment leaves (sized {{×|18.5|14.3}}). The text is written in one column per page, 26-28 lines per page.{{r|Aland}}

The text is divided according to the chapters (known as κεφαλαια / kephalaia), whose numbers are given in the margin, with the titles of chapters (τιτλοι / titloi) at the top of the pages. There is also another division according to the smaller Ammonian Sections (an early division of the Gospels into sections). The codex has 27 sections in Mark. There are also references to the Eusebian Canons (another early division of the Gospels into sections, and where they overlap).{{r|Gregory}}

It contains the Letter to Carpian, tables of contents (also known as κεφαλαια / kephalaia) are placed before each Gospel, lectionary markings in the margin (for liturgical use), incipits, synaxaria, Menologion, subscriptions at the end of each Gospel, numbers of {{lang|grc|στιχοι}}, and extracts from some Church Fathers.{{Cite book | last=Gregory | first=Caspar René | author-link=Caspar René Gregory | title=Textkritik des Neuen Testaments | volume=1 | pages=128–129 | year=1900 | publisher=J.C. Hinrichs | location=Leipzig | url=https://archive.org/stream/textkritikdesne00greggoog#page/n141/mode/2up }}

The Pericope Adulterae ({{bibleref|John|7:53-8:11}}) is marked with an obelus.{{r|Gregory}}

The Greek text of this codex is a mixture of text-types. According to biblical scholar Constantin von Tischendorf, its text is mixed but with a strong Byzantine element.Tischendorf, C. v., [https://archive.org/stream/novumtestamentu00tiscgoog#page/n218/mode/2up Novum Testamentum Graece. Editio Septima], Lipsiae 1859, p. CXCV.

Biblical scholar Kurt Aland did not place it in any Category within his categories of New Testament manuscripts.{{Cite book | last=Aland | first=Kurt | author-link=Kurt Aland | last2=Aland | first2=Barbara | author-link2=Barbara Aland | others=Erroll F. Rhodes (trans.) | title=The Text of the New Testament: An Introduction to the Critical Editions and to the Theory and Practice of Modern Textual Criticism | page=138 | year=1995 | publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | location=Grand Rapids | isbn=978-0-8028-4098-1}} Textually it is close to the codex 273.

According to the Claremont Profile Method (a specific analysis method of textual data), it represents Family Kx in Luke 10 and Luke 20. In Luke 1 it has mixed Byzantine text.{{Cite book | last=Wisse | first=Frederik | title=The Profile Method for the Classification and Evaluation of Manuscript Evidence, as Applied to the Continuous Greek Text of the Gospel of Luke | page=53 | year=1982 | publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company | location=Grand Rapids | isbn=0-8028-1918-4 | url=https://archive.org/details/profilemethodfor00wiss | url-access=registration }}

In {{bibleref|Matthew|21:31}} it has the textual variant ὁ δεύτερος (the second) instead of ὁ πρῶτος (the first), ὁ ὕστερος (the last), or ὁ ἔσχατος (the last). This reading is supported by Minuscule 273 and lectionary ℓ 547.{{Cite book | first=Bruce Manning | last=Metzger | author-link=Bruce M. Metzger | title=A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament | edition=2nd | page=45 | year=2001 | publisher=Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft | location=Germany | isbn=978-3-438-06010-5 }}{{Cite book | title=Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece | editor-first1=Kurt | editor-last1=Aland | editor1-link=Kurt Aland | editor-first2=Matthew | editor-last2=Black | editor2-link=Matthew Black | editor-first3=Carlo Maria | editor-last3=Martini | editor3-link=Carlo Maria Martini | editor-first4=Bruce M. | editor-last4=Metzger | editor4-link=Bruce Metzger | editor-first5=Allen | editor-last5=Wikgren | editor5-link=Allen Wikgren | edition=26 | page=60 | year=1981 | publisher=Deutsche Bibelstiftung | location=Stuttgart | isbn=3-438-051001}}

The manuscript was used by biblical scholar Desiderius Erasmus in his edition of Novum Testamentum, and by Robert Estienne in his Editio Regia (1550), who designated it as γ'. Biblical scholar John Mill noticed its affinity to the Latin versions and the Complutensian Polyglot.{{r|Scrivener}}

It was examined by Scholz and Paulin Martin.Jean-Pierre-Paul Martin, Description technique des manuscrits grecs, relatif au N. T., conservé dans les bibliothèques des Paris (Paris 1883), p. 18-19 Biblical scholar Caspar René Gregory saw the manuscript in 1885.{{r|Gregory}}

The codex is located now at the Bibliothèque nationale de France (Gr. 84) in Paris.{{r|Aland}}{{Cite web | title=Liste Handschriften | publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research | location=Münster | url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=30004 | access-date=2013-05-01 }}

• List of New Testament minuscules
• Textus Receptus
• Textual criticism

{{Reflist}}

• Jean-Pierre-Paul Martin, Description technique des manuscrits grecs, relatif au Nouveau Testament, conservé dans les bibliothèques des Paris (Paris 1883), p. 18-19

• R. Waltz, [http://www.skypoint.com/members/waltzmn/Manuscripts1-500.html#m4e Minuscule 4] at the Encyclopedia of Textual Criticism (2007)
• {{Cite web|url=http://intf.uni-muenster.de/vmr/NTVMR/ListeHandschriften.php?ObjID=30004|title= Liste Handschriften|publisher=Institute for New Testament Textual Research|access-date=7 November 2011|location=Münster}}
• [https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b107230259/f10.item Online images of Minuscule 4] at the National Library of France.
• [https://manuscripts.csntm.org/manuscript/Group/GA_4 Online images of Minuscule 4] (microfilm) at the CSNTM.

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Category:Greek New Testament minuscules

Category:13th-century biblical manuscripts

Category:Bibliothèque nationale de France collections