Mono Grande
{{Short description|Mythical South American ape}}
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The Mono Grande (Spanish for "Large Monkey"), a large monkey-like creature, has been occasionally reported in South America. Such creatures are reported as being much larger than the commonly accepted New World monkeys. These accounts have received rather little publicity, and typically generated little or no interest from experts.
Older reports and sightings
The German naturalist Alexander von Humboldt, who travelled in South America during early 19th century, heard stories from Orinoco about furry human-like creatures called Salvaje ("Wild"), which were rumoured to capture women, build huts and to occasionally eat human flesh. He attached no belief to the myth.{{cite book |first=Alexander |last=Von Humboldt |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uKQniZCQPZQC&pg=PA271 |title=Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of America, During the Years 1799-1804 by Alexander Von Humboldt and Aime Bonpland |volume=2 |publisher=H. G. Bohn |year=1852 |pages=271–72}} The naturalist Philip Gosse also tried to examine these legends during his travels in Venezuela during the mid-19th century, but with no real success ({{harvp|Sjögren| 1980}}).
Modern reports and sightings
The so-called Loys' Ape was photographed in 1920 and proposed as a possible unknown great ape of South America; it has since been identified as almost certainly a spider monkey, after being first debunked by Sir Arthur Keith (1929).{{cite web |last1=Bressan |first1=David |title=De Loys' Ape |url=https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/history-of-geology/de-loys-ape/ |website=Scientific American: History of Geology |publisher=Scientific American |date= October 7, 2012|accessdate=28 October 2020}} Part of the reason Loys became convinced was he thought he had learned the beast' name in the native language, but in fact when he showed his photo around, they were all asking "What is it?!{{Refn|"indianska nam.. inget annat än vad är det?"}} In 1931, inspired by Loys' ape, three Italians made an expedition to the Mazaruni River in Guyana, but without further evidence than more alleged sightings from the residents. {{illm|Bengt Sjögren|sv}} writes (1980) that: "They returned home with a couple of eyewitness-reports, that give the impression that the interviewed tried to make fun of {{sic|?|the}} them".{{page needed|date=February 2012}}
An American millionaire also set up a reward of 50,000 dollars to the one who could find a specimen, but nobody seems to have claimed the reward.{{citation needed|date=February 2012}} In the 1940s, American scientist Philip Herschkowitz traveled in the same areas as de Loys, and concluded that the story was a myth whose origin was the spider monkey, Ateles belzebuth. However, in 1951, a Frenchman named {{illm|Roger Courteville|fr}} claimed to have seen an apeman at the same Tarra River where de Loys said he had seen his creatures. Like de Loys, he presented a photograph of the creature as evidence, though he was accused of perpetrating a hoax with a manipulated photograph (based on Loys photograph{{page needed|date=February 2012}}).
In 1987, Gary Samuels (a mycologist studying under a grant from the New York Botanical Garden) was studying fungi in Guyana. Hearing footsteps nearby, he glanced up, expecting to see his Guyanese assistant. Instead, he saw a bipedal, ape-like creature standing about five feet tall. Samuels said the creature bellowed at him, then ran away.
Criticism
As mentioned above, Humboldt considered the reports of Salvaje to be just myths that came to South America with European colonists. The Swedish author Rolf Blomberg speculates (1966) that rumours of hidden monsters in the Amazon basin might have been inspired by Arthur Conan Doyle's book The Lost World (1912) combined with exaggerated reports of sightings of unusually large spider monkeys ({{harvp|Sjögren|1980}}), and Sjögren (1962) remarked: "For critically educated zoologists is of course all this 'ape mystery' just a good joke".
Beyond humans, hominids (Hominoidea) are restricted to the Old World, while the New World is populated by smaller, often arboreal monkeys with long tails and flatter noses (Platyrrhini).
See also
References
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Sources
{{More footnotes|date=June 2010}}
- Rolf Blomberg, "Rio Amazonas", Almqvist&Wiksell, 1966.
- Michael Shoemaker, "The Mystery of Mono Grande", Strange Magazine, April 1991.
- Sjögren, Bengt, "Farliga djur och djur som inte finns", 1962
- Sjögren, Bengt, Berömda vidunder, Settern, 1980, {{ISBN|91-7586-023-6}} {{in lang|sv}}
- Pino Turolla, "Beyond The Andes", Harper & Row, 1980.
Category:South American folklore
Category:Spanish-language South American legendary creatures