Mordor, Warsaw
{{Short description|Informal name for an area of Warsaw, Poland}}
{{About|an area in the city of Warsaw, Poland|a fictional location in The Lord of the Rings|Mordor|other uses|Mordor (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Mordor
| official_name =
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| settlement_type = Neighbourhood
| image_skyline = Ulica Wołoska w Warszawie 2019f.jpg
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| image_caption = The office buildings as Wołoska Street, in area known informally as Mordor, in the city of Warsaw, in 2019.
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| coordinates = {{Coord|52|10|50|N|20|59|59|E|region:PL_type:city(1,800,000)|display=inline,title}}
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| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Poland}}
| subdivision_type1 = Voivodeship
| subdivision_name1 = Masovian Voivodeship
| subdivision_type2 = City county
| subdivision_name2 = Warsaw
| subdivision_type3 = District
| subdivision_name3 = Mokotów
| subdivision_type4 = Subdistrict
| subdivision_name4 = Upper Mokotów
| subdivision_type5 = City Information System areas
| subdivision_name5 = Ksawerów
Służewiec
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| timezone = CET
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Mordor, also known as Mordor on Domaniewska Street,{{efn|Polish: Mordor na Domaniewskiej}} is an informal name for the area, mostly composed of office buildings, in the city of Warsaw, Poland, located within the neighbourhoods of Służewiec (Służewiec Przemysłowy) and western Ksawerów in the district of Mokotów. It is located in the area around Cybernetyki, Domaniewska, Marynarska, and Wołoska Streets. The area is mostly composed of office buildings, including the headquarters of branches of many multinational corporations.
It is named after Mordor, a fictional location in the 1954–1955 fantasy novel The Lord of the Rings written by J. R. R. Tolkien. The local government had declined to officially recognize the name of the area. However, in 2022, two streets in the area had been named after J. R. R. Tolkien, and Gandalf (character from the novel), in reference to the unofficial name.{{Cite web|url=https://warszawa.naszemiasto.pl/ulice-tolkiena-i-gandalfa-powstaly-w-warszawie-autor-wladcy/ar/c1-9156637|title=Ulice Tolkiena i Gandalfa powstały w Warszawie. Autor "Władcy pierścieni" i bohater jego powieści zostali patronami ulic w Mordorze|author=Martyna Konieczek|date=8 January 2023|website=warszawa.naszemiasto.pl|language=pl}}
Characteristics
File:Siedziba Ringier Axel Springer Polska, ul. Domaniewska 49.jpg, located as 49 Domaniewska Street.]]
The area in the city of Warsaw, Poland, known informally as Mordor, is located within the neighbourhoods of Służewiec (Służewiec Przemysłowy) and western Ksawerów in the district of Mokotów. Its boundaries are commonly accepted to be Cybernetyki, Domaniewska, Marynarska, and Wołoska Streets.{{cite web|url=https://warszawa.naszemiasto.pl/mordor-na-domaniewskiej-jak-powstalo-najslynniejsze/ar/c3-5135823|title=Mordor na Domaniewskiej. Jak powstało najsłynniejsze zagłębie biurowe w Polsce?|language=pl|website=warszawa.naszemiasto.pl|author=Monika Golonka|date=10 April 2021}}Joanna Gierak-Onoszko: M w Mordorze. In: Polityka, p. 32, 27 January–2 February 2016.Michał Wojtczuk: Służewiec w korku i kryzysie. In: Gazeta Stołeczna, p. 4, 22 June 2016.
The area mostly consists of office buildings, counting over 100 of them. It includes headquarters of the branches of many multinational corporations. According to the estimates, to the area commutes between 80 and 100 thousand employees, and 87% of the employees of the corporations were of age between 20 and 39 years, with the biggest group, counting 39%, being people from ages between 26 and 30 years.{{cite web|url=https://forsal.pl/artykuly/882260,jak-naprawde-wyglada-praca-w-mordorze-na-domaniewskiej.html|title=Jak naprawdę wygląda praca w "Mordorze na Domaniewskiej"?|website=forsal.pl/|language=pl|date=10 July 2015}}
The huge number of people commuting to and from the area every day, together with local road systems not designed for such a number of vehicles, is causing the area to be regularly sight of massive traffic congestion, as well as lack of parking spaces. Many candidates cite difficulties in commuting, as the main reason for turning down offers to work in the area.{{cite web|url=https://finanse.wp.pl/mordor-na-domaniewskiej-jedyna-taka-dzielnica-w-polsce-6114855240136321a|title=Mordor na Domaniewskiej. Jedyna taka dzielnica w Polsce|website=finanse.wp.pl|language=pl|date=27 March 2015}}
In March 2019, the average number of areas not being rented, was equal to 19.8%, with the average for the whole city of Warsaw, being 9.1%.
History
File:Służewiec Przemysłowy lata 70..jpg in the 1970s.Leszek Wysznacki: Warszawa od wyzwolenia do naszych dni. Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Sport i Turystyka, 1977, p. 146.]]
In 1952, the area of modern Służewiec Przemysłowy, had been designated as the industrial area of the Industrial–Storage District of Służewiec (Polish: Dzielnica Przemysłowo-Składowa „Służewiec”), marking the beginning of the construction of the industrial factories and magazines there. It covered an area of around {{convert|2.6|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}. In the early 1970s, in the area worked around 20 000 people.Józef Kazimierski, Ryszard Kołodziejczyk, Żanna Kormanowa, Halina Rostowska: Dzieje Mokotowa. Warsaw: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1972, p. 269.Kronika wydarzeń w Warszawie 1945−1958. Warszawskie Kalendarz Ilustrowany 1959, p. 67, 1958. Wydawnictwo Tygodnika Ilustrowanego „Stolica”.
In the 1990s, the manufacturing industry ceased to exist in the area of Służewiec and the nearby western part of Ksawerów. As such, it had caused the appearance on the real estate market of huge and developed estates, located near the city centre and the Warsaw Chopin Airport. It then contributed to the development of the business industry in the area, and eventually leading to the creation of the biggest complex of office buildings in Poland One of the first new infestations in the area was the construction of Curtis Plaza office building in 1992, located at 18 Wołoska Street.Marta Leśniakowska: Architektura w Warszawie 1989−2001. Warsaw: Arkada Pracownia Historii Sztuki, 2002, p. 206. ISBN 83-908950-5-6. From 1995 to 2001, in the area had been built the complex of office buildings known as Mokotów Business Park, located in the area of Domaniewska and Postępu Streets.Marta Leśniakowska: Architektura w Warszawie 1989−2001. Warsaw: Arkada Pracownia Historii Sztuki, 2002, p. 70−74. ISBN 83-908950-5-6. In 2000, in the area had been opened Westfield Mokotów (originally known as Galeria Mokotów), one of the biggest shopping centres in the city.Paweł Dunin-Wąsowicz. Mordor literacki w serpentynie głupstw. In: Stolica, p. 36, June 2019. By 2019, in the area had been built 83 office buildings.Adam Roguski. Mordor na nowo: dla jednych nakłady, dla innych okazje. In: Rzeczpospolita, p. A20, 19–20 June 2019. They were mostly built without city oversight and contributed to the development of the office monoculture.{{cite web|url=https://warszawa.wyborcza.pl/warszawa/7,54420,24930421,biurowy-biznes-strzela-w-niebo-warszawa-prawie-jak-londynskie.html|author=Michał Wojtczuk|date=25 June 2019|title=Biurowy biznes strzela w niebo. Warszawa prawie jak londyńskie City|website=warszawa.wyborcza.pl|language=pl}} In 2019, the area begun losing its status of office centre, to the district of Wola.
Name
File:Tablice MSI skrzyżowanie ulic Tolkiena i Gandalfa w Warszawie 2023.jpg
Due to increased industrial development leading to chronic traffic congestion, the area began being informally referred to as Mordor. The name was popularized by a Facebook page titled Mordor on Domaniewskiej in 2013. In 2018, the fansite had gained 100 000 followers, and by February 2022, it has over 170 000.{{cite web|url=https://innpoland.pl/126081,oswiecony-korposzczur-poznajcie-rafala-ferbera-ktory-stworzyl-mordor-z-domaniewskiej|title=Rafał Ferber założył fanpage "Mordor na Domaniewskiej" dla zabawy. Dziś zarabia na nim miliony... lajków|language=pl|website=innpoland.pl|author=Tomasz Staśkiewicz|date=6 April 2016}}{{cite web|url=https://imokotow.pl/artykul/mordor-na-domaniewskiej/402942|title="Mordor na Domaniewskiej" obchodzi piątą rocznicę swojego istnienia na Facebooku|date=16 March 2018|language=pl|website=imokotow.pl}}{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/MordorNaDomaniewskiej/timeline|title=Mordor Na Domaniewskiej|language=pl|website=facebook.com}} There is a magazine named Voice of Mordor{{efn|Polish: Głos Mordoru}} addressed to local workers.{{cite web|url=https://glosmordoru.pl/o-nas/|title=O nas|website=glosmordoru.pl|language=pl}}
Accordingly, the corporate employees in the area are informally referred to as orcs. In the book, they inhabited the fictional Mordor. The name was coined as a commentary on the rat race culture that many of the employees engage in.{{cite web|url=https://warszawa.wyborcza.pl/warszawa/7,54420,23149180,piec-lat-mordoru-na-domaniewskiej.html|title=Życie orków z Mordoru na Domaniewskiej: target na asapie, 1300 zł na umowie o dzieło. "Bo już mam orka na twoje miejsce"|website=warszawa.wyborcza.pl|language=pl|date=16 March 2018|author=Martyna Śmigiel}}
There is a movement to make Mordor the officially recognized name of the area. In 2015, its supporters hung a street sign with name Mordor in the area, which however quickly taken down by the authorities.{{cite web|url=https://wiadomosci.wp.pl/mordor-na-domaniewskiej-sluzby-szybko-zajely-sie-tabliczka-na-mokotowie-6025265832731777a|title="Mordor" na Domaniewskiej. Służby szybko zajęły się tabliczką na Mokotowie|language=pl|website=/wiadomosci.wp.pl|date=2 April 2015}} In 2018, the local inhabitants had proposed via the participatory budgeting, the recognition of the name, which however was not approved.{{cite web|url=https://noizz.pl/spoleczenstwo/warszawski-mordor-bedzie-oficjalna-nazwa-w-stolicy-jest-na-to-szansa/qm7s262|title=Warszawski Mordor będzie oficjalną nazwą w stolicy? Jest na to szansa|date=28 January 2018|author=Żaneta Gotowalska|website=noizz.pl|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180820011208/https://noizz.pl/spoleczenstwo/warszawski-mordor-bedzie-oficjalna-nazwa-w-stolicy-jest-na-to-szansa/qm7s262 |archive-date=2018-08-20 }} Since 2015, the name is accepted in the search of the Google Maps.{{Cite web|url=https://natemat.pl/156269,jaka-tam-domaniewska-google-maps-uznal-mordor-za-oficjalna-nazwe|title=Jaka tam Domaniewska? Google Maps uznał "Mordor" za oficjalną nazwę|author=Bartosz Świderski|date=29 September 2015|website=natemat.pl|language=pl}} On December 12, 2020, two small streets in the neighborhood of Służewiec were named in reference to Tolkien, J. R. R. Tolkiena Street and Gandalfa Street.{{cite web|url=https://edziennik.mazowieckie.pl/legalact/2022/12175/|title=Uchwała nr LXXII/2394/2022 Rady Miasta Stołecznego Warszawy z 17 listopada 2022 r. w sprawie nadania nazwy obiektowi miejskiemu w Dzielnicy Mokotów m.st. Warszawy|date=28 November 2022|language=pl|website=edziennik.mazowieckie.pl}}{{cite web|url=https://edziennik.mazowieckie.pl/legalact/2022/12176/|title=Uchwała nr LXXII/2395/2022 Rady Miasta Stołecznego Warszawy z dnia 17 listopada 2022 r. w sprawie nadania nazwy obiektowi miejskiemu w Dzielnicy Mokotów m.st. Warszawy|date=28 November 2022|language=pl|website=edziennik.mazowieckie.pl}}
See also
Notes
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