Muhammad ibn Muqatil al-Akki
{{short description|Provincial governor of Ifriqiya}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Muhammad ibn Muqatil al-Akki
محمد بن مقاتل العكي
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date =
| birth_place = Abbasid Empire
| death_date =
| death_place = Abbasid Empire
| monarch1 = Harun al-Rashid
| office1 = Abbasid Governor of Ifriqiya
| term1 = 797–799
(first period)
| predecessor1 = Harthama ibn A'yan
| successor1 = Tammam ibn Tamim al-Tamimi
| monarch2 = Harun al-Rashid
| office2 = Abbasid Governor of Ifriqiya
| term2 = 797 - 800
(second period)
| predecessor2 = Tammam ibn Tamim al-Tamimi
| successor2 = Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab
| parents = Muqatil ibn Hakim al-Akki
| spouse =
| children =
}}
Muhammad ibn Muqatil ibn Hakim al-Akki ({{langx|ar|محمد بن مقاتل بن حكيم العكي}}) was a provincial governor for the Abbasid Caliphate. Appointed to Ifriqiya in 797, he was the last Provincial governor of that province prior to the establishment of the Aghlabid Governor dynasty in 800.
Career
The son of Muqatil ibn Hakim al-Akki, a supporter of the Abbasid Revolution,{{sfn|Crone|1980|pp=185-86}} Muhammad himself was a foster brother of the caliph Harun al-Rashid (r. 786–809). In 797, Harun appointed him to Ifriqiya, as a replacement for Harthamah ibn A'yan. Arriving at the provincial capital al-Qayrawan in late October or early November, his administration quickly ran into problems due to his bad conduct, and his relations with the jund (local army) soon became strained. Eventually a rebellion led by Makhlad ibn Murrah al-Azdi and supported by members of the jund and the local Berbers broke out. Muhammad dispatched an army which defeated the rebels and killed Makhlad.{{sfn|Ibn al-Athir|1987|p=312}}
In October 799, a new revolt led by Tammam ibn Tamim al-Tamimi was launched in Tunis and quickly gathered a large degree of support. Muhammad engaged the rebels as they marched toward al-Qayrawan, but was defeated and forced to retreat into the city. Tammam continued his advance and entered al-Qayrawan. Muhammad was given a guarantee of safety by the rebels on the condition that he departed from Ifriqiya. Accepting the arrangement, he departed and made his way to Tripoli.{{sfn|Ibn al-Athir|1987|p=312}}{{sfn|Al-Ya'qubi|1883|p=497|ps=, ends his account of Muhammad's governorship here, claiming that he returned to Iraq after the people of al-Qayrawan opened their gates for Tammam}}{{sfn|Kennedy|1981|p=193}}
Shortly after his exile, Muhammad received a letter from Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab, the governor of the Zab, informing him that he had expelled Tammam from al-Qayrawan and inviting him to return to the province; Muhammad consequently was able to resume his governorship.{{sfn|Ibn al-Athir|1987|p=312}}{{sfn|Kennedy|1981|p=193}} A fresh attempt was soon made by Tammam, who had fled to Tunis, to overthrow Muhammad, but Ibrahim defeated him again and gained his submission.{{sfn|Ibn al-Athir|1987|p=312}}
Muhammad's restored rule over Ifriqiya did not last for long. His continuing unpopularity among his subjects led to Ibrahim writing to Harun al-Rashid, telling him of the hatred for Muhammad and asking to be appointed over Ifriqiya in exchange for certain financial guarantees. Harun granted this request; Muhammad was dismissed and Ibrahim became the first governor of the Aghlabid dynasty.{{sfn|Ibn al-Athir|1987|p=313}}{{sfn|Khalifah ibn Khayyat|1985|p=464|ps=; summarizes Muhammad's governorship}}{{sfn|Kennedy|1981|p=193}}
See also
Notes
{{reflist|2}}
References
- {{Slaves on Horses}}
- {{cite book | last = Ibn al-Athir | first = 'Izz al-Din | authorlink = Ali ibn al-Athir | title = Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, Vol. 5. | publisher = Dar al-'Ilmiyyah | language = Arabic | location = Beirut | year = 1987 }}
- {{cite book | last = Kennedy | first = Hugh | authorlink = Hugh N. Kennedy | title = The Early Abbasid Caliphate: A Political History | publisher = Croom Helm | year = 1981 | isbn = 0-389-20018-2 | location = London | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=lyksAQAAIAAJ }}
- {{cite book | last = Khalifah ibn Khayyat | authorlink = Khalifa ibn Khayyat | title = Tarikh Khalifah ibn Khayyat, 3rd ed | publisher = Dar Taybah | language = Arabic | year = 1985 | location = Al-Riyadh | editor-last = al-'Umari | editor-first = Akram Diya' }}
- {{cite book | last = Al-Ya'qubi | first = Ahmad ibn Abu Ya'qub | authorlink = Ya'qubi | title = Historiae, Vol. 2. | editor-last = Houtsma | editor-first = M. Th. | publisher = E. J. Brill | location = Leiden | year = 1883 | language = Arabic | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6TpbAAAAQAAJ }}
{{s-start}}
{{succession box|title=Governor of Ifriqiya|before=Harthamah ibn A'yan|after=Tammam ibn Tamim al-Tamimi (rebel)|years=797–799}}
{{succession box|title=Governor of Ifriqiya|before=Tammam ibn Tamim al-Tamimi (rebel)|after=Ibrahim ibn al-Aghlab|years=800}}
{{s-end}}
Category:Abbasid governors of Ifriqiya