Muzaffarnagar district

Muzaffarnagar's early medieval history is obscure till the Indo-Mughal period. Timur's army had marched to Delhi through this region in 1399; its people fought it unsuccessfully. In Mughal Emperor Akbar's time, most of the Muzaffarnagar district region, called Sarwat then under the Mahal control of Tagas / Tyagis of Sarvat village, belonged to the sarkar (circle) of Saharanpur. Akbar bestowed pargana of Sarwat on Sayyed Mahmud Khan Barha which remained with his descendants up to the 17th century. Munawwar Lashkar Khan Barha established the city and named it Muzaffarnagar in honour of his father, Sayyid Muzaffar Khan, otherwise known as Khan-i-Jahan during the reign of Shah Jahan, after which Sarwat also became Muzaffarnagar.{{cite book |author=Cadell |first=Alan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4HoIAAAAQAAJ&dq=sayyids+jansath&pg=RA4-PA31 |title=Settlement Report of the District of Muzaffarnagar: Including a Report on the Permanent Settlement of the Western Parganas of the District, and Also a Report on the Settlement of the Ganges Canal Tract |date=1873 |publisher=North-Western Provinces and Oudh Government Press |page=31 |author-link=Alan Cadell}}{{cite web| title = Brief District History| url = http://www.muzaffarnagar.nic.in/history.htm| access-date = 9 September 2013| publisher = Muzaffarnagar district website| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130914172306/http://muzaffarnagar.nic.in/history.htm| archive-date = 14 September 2013| url-status = dead}} At the time Muzaffarnagar was part of the Barah country as it was intimately connected with the Indian Muslim kinship group called the Barah Sayyids,{{Cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=SW45AAAAIAAJ&q=muzaffarnagar+barha+country |title= Islamic Culture:Volume 7 |page=439 |author= Marmaduke William Pickthall, Muhammad Asad |date=1933 }}{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=snpCAAAAIAAJ&dq=muzaffarnagar+barha+country&pg=PA266 |page=266 |author= David Ross |title= The Land of the Five Rivers and Sindh |date= 1883 }} who controlled the upper Doab.{{Cite book|url= https://books.google.com/books?id=25MbAQAAIAAJ&dq=sayyid+barha+rural&pg=PA68 |title= The Imperial Gazetteer of India: Volume 10 |page=68 |author= William Wilson Hunter |date=1885 |publisher=the University of California }} The Indian Muslim inhabitants of Barah, especially from near the town of Jansath, were heavily recruited in the Army of the Mughal Empire, where they had a hereditary right to lead the vanguard of the imperial troops in every battle.{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ak5oFjTys8MC&dq=barha+traditionally+right&pg=PA202 |title= Later Mughal |author= William Irvine |date= 1971 |publisher= Atlantic Publishers & Distri |page= 202 }}{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=3RVDAAAAYAAJ&q=barha+sayyids+every+battle |title= Journal of the Rajasthan Institute of Historical Research: Volume 12 |date= 1975 |publisher= Rajasthan Institute of Historical Research |author= Rajasthan Institute of Historical Research}} The unique privilege of the Barah Sayyids of leading the imperial vanguard also gave them an advantage over other parts of the Mughal military and exalted their sense of social pride.{{cite book |url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.119444/page/n43/mode/2up?q=saiyid|title= The Reign Of Muhammad Shah 1919-1748 |author= Zahiruddin Malik |date= 1977 |page= 32 }} They also made up the personal cavalry of the Sayyid Brothers, both from Muzaffarnagar, who were de-facto rulers of the Mughal Empire in the 1710s.{{cite book |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=-VbRAAAAMAAJ&q=khafi+khan+the+syeds+barha+non-muslims |title= Discovery of Pakistan |author= Abdul Aziz |date= 1964 |publisher= the University of Michigan |page= 136 }}{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=193}}{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Rz16lub2uRgC&q=sayyid%20brotherhood%20barha |title=Mohammad Yasin |date=1958 |publisher=Upper India Publishing House |page=18}}

Muzaffarnagar district gained notoriety in the 20th century with frequent incidents of loot, murders, kidnappings and dacoity.{{cite web|title=The streets of fear|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/crime-in-politically-strategic-muzaffarnagar-district-of-uttar-pradesh-continues-to-escalate/1/427770.html|publisher=India Today|access-date=28 January 2017}}

The district is divided into 9{{cite web |url=http://muzaffarnagar.nic.in/admin.htm |title=Administration |publisher=Muzaffarnagar.nic.in |access-date=8 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120511073912/http://muzaffarnagar.nic.in/admin.htm |archive-date=11 May 2012 |url-status=dead }} blocks, these are:

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=8,67,177|13=1911|14=7,99,331|15=1921|16=7,86,187|17=1931|18=8,85,877|19=1941|20=10,46,382|21=1951|22=12,09,771|23=1961|24=14,29,961|25=1971|26=17,81,579|27=1981|28=22,48,483|29=1991|30=28,42,543|31=2001|32=35,43,362|33=2011|34=41,43,512|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]|align=middle}}

According to the 2011 census Muzaffarnagar district has a population of 4,143,512 {{cite web |year=2011 |title=District Census Handbook: Muzaffarnagar|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/1270/download/4094/DH_2011_0902_PART_A_DCHB_MUZAFFARNAGAR.pdf|access-date= |website=censusindia.gov.in |publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}} roughly equal to the nation of Lebanon{{cite web | author = US Directorate of Intelligence | title = Country Comparison:Population | url = https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070613004507/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2119rank.html | url-status = dead | archive-date = 13 June 2007 | access-date = 1 October 2011 | quote = Albania 2,827,800 July 2011 est.

}} or the US state of Oregon.{{cite web|url=http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/apportionment-pop-text.php|title=2010 Resident Population Data|publisher=U. S. Census Bureau|access-date=30 September 2011| quote =Oregon 3,831,074

}} This gives it a ranking of 125th in India (out of a total of 640). The district has a population density of {{convert| 960|PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} . Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 16.8%. Muzaffarnagar has a sex ratio of 886 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 70.11%. Minority population is about 40% of the total population of the district.

{{bar box

|title=Religions in residual Muzaffarnagar district (2011){{Cite web|date=2011|title=Table C-01 Population by Religion: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/11394/download/14507/DDW09C-01%20MDDS.XLS|website=censusindia.gov.in|publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}

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|left1=Religion

|right1=Percent

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{{bar percent|Hinduism|darkorange|57.70}}

{{bar percent|Islam|green|41.11}}

{{bar percent|Jainism|pink|0.43}}

{{bar percent|Other or not stated|black|0.76}}

|caption=Distribution of religions

|width=290px

}}

The divided district had population 2,869,934 and a sex ratio of 893 females per 1000 males. 805,210 (28.06%) lived in urban areas. Scheduled Castes made up 419,987 (14.63%) of the population respectively.

{{Pie chart

|caption = Languages of residual Muzaffarnagar district (2011)

|label1 = Hindi |value1 = 86.28 |color1 = orange

|label2 = Urdu |value2 = 13.29 |color2 = green

|label3 = Others |value3 = 0.43 |color3 = grey

|thumb=left

}}

At the time of the 2011 Census of India, 86.28% of the population of the district spoke Hindi and 13.29% Urdu as their first language.{{Cite web |title=Table C-16 Population by Mother Tongue: Uttar Pradesh|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/10224/download/13336/DDW-C16-STMT-MDDS-0900.XLSX|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|publisher=Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India}}

• Muzaffarnagar Medical College, affiliate of Chaudhary Charan Singh University
• Shree Ram group of college
• Sd group of college
• Dav degree college

• Adampur Mouchri
• Mahaljana
• Kaserwa

• Sisauli
• Shahpur
• Budhana

{{reflist}}

• {{Official website|http://muzaffarnagar.nic.in/}}

{{Geographic location

|Centre = Muzaffarnagar district

|North = Saharanpur district

|Northeast = Haridwar district, Uttarakhand

|East = Bijnor district

|Southeast =

|South = Meerut district

|Southwest = Baghpat district

|West = Shamli district

|Northwest =

}}

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{{Coord|29|27|N|77|35|E|region:IN_type:adm2nd|display=title}}

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Category:Districts of Uttar Pradesh

Category:Minority concentrated districts in India