National Capital Region (India)

The National Capital Region (NCR) and its planning board were created under the National Capital Region Planning Board Act of 1985.{{cite web|title=Rationale|url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/rationale.php|website=ncrpb.nic.in|publisher=NCR Planning Board|quote=The National Capital Region (NCR) in India was constituted under the NCRPB Act, 1985|access-date=5 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216113422/http://www.ncrpb.nic.in/rationale.php|archive-date=16 December 2012|url-status=dead}} That 1985 Act defined the NCR as being the whole of Delhi; the Haryana districts of Gurgaon (then including the Nuh district), Faridabad and Sonipat, Rohtak (then including Jhajjar tehsil) and the Rewari tehsil then in Mahendragarh district; and the Uttar Pradesh districts of Bulandshahr, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut (then including Baghpat tehsil), and Ghaziabad (then including Hapur tehsil), and some part of the Rajasthan district of Alwar.{{cite web|title=NCR Planning Board Act of 1985|url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/Act%201985.pdf|date=1985}}{{cite web|title=The Gazette of India, National Capital Region Planning Board Act of 1985|url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/ncrpb_act_1985.pdf|publisher=NCR Planning Board|access-date=5 March 2017|date=1985|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120828095834/http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/ncrpb_act_1985.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2012|url-status=dead}} The 1985 boundary of the NCR covered an area of {{convert|34,144|km2}}.{{rp|3}}

Prior to the creation of the NCR, an area described as the Delhi Metropolitan Area (DMA) was described in the 1962 Master Plan for Delhi. That plan defined the DMA as comprising the National Capital Territory and the ring towns of Ghaziabad, Faridabad, Ballabhgarh, Gurgaon, Bahadurgarh and Loni, also certain rural areas, which had a population of the somewhat less than 2.1 million in 1951.{{cite web|title=Master Plan for Delhi|url=http://rgplan.org/delhi/MASTER-PLAN-FOR-DELHI_1962.pdf|website=rgplan.org|publisher=Delhi Development Authority|access-date=19 March 2017|date=1 September 1962|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160911084529/http://rgplan.org/delhi/MASTER-PLAN-FOR-DELHI_1962.pdf|archive-date=11 September 2016|url-status=live}} The following "Master Plan for Delhi", approved in August 1990, added Noida, Bahadurgarh and the then-proposed township of Kundli to the DMA, which consequently covered an area of 3,182 km².{{cite web|title=Master Plan for Delhi|url=http://www.rgplan.org/delhi/MASTER-PLAN-FOR-DELHI_2.pdf|publisher=Delhi Development Authority|access-date=19 March 2017|page=8|date=August 1990|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828154900/http://www.rgplan.org/delhi/MASTER-PLAN-FOR-DELHI_2.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2017|url-status=live}}

Gautam Budh Nagar district was created in 1997 out of the existing NCR districts of Ghaziabad and Bulandshahr. The city of Noida was the location of the new district's headquarters.{{cite web |title=Brief Industrial Profile of Gautam Budh Nagar |url=http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIP%20Report%20Gautam%20Budh%20Nagar.pdf |publisher=Government of India Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises |page=1 |date=14 August 2012 |access-date=28 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181123113125/http://dcmsme.gov.in/dips/DIP%20Report%20Gautam%20Budh%20Nagar.pdf |archive-date=23 November 2018 |url-status=live }} Also in 1997 Baghpat district was created from Baghpat tehsil of Meerut district.{{cite web |title=Census of India 2011 – Uttar Pradesh – District Census Handbook – Baghpat |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0908_PART_B_DCHB_BAGHPAT.pdf |date=2011 |page=9 |website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |access-date=7 July 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151114012629/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0908_PART_B_DCHB_BAGHPAT.pdf |archive-date=14 November 2015 |url-status=live }}

In July 2013, the NCR was expanded to include three more districts, Bhiwani, and Mahendragarh in the state of Haryana, as well as Bharatpur in the state of Rajasthan. This brought the number of districts in the NCR to 19 (outside Delhi NCT), with the total NCR area increasing 34% to 45,887 km².{{cite web|title=The Organisation and Administration|url=http://moud.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/InductionMaterial_0.pdf|website=Ministry of Urban Development|publisher=Government of India|page=32|quote=Government of India vide Notification dated 1.10.2013 has included Bhiwani and Mahendragarh districts of the State of Haryana and Bharatpur district of the State of Rajasthan|access-date=7 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170408083513/http://moud.gov.in/upload/uploadfiles/files/InductionMaterial_0.pdf|archive-date=8 April 2017|url-status=dead}}{{cite web|title=3 more districts enter National Capital Region fold – The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/3-more-districts-enter-National-Capital-Region-fold/articleshow/20867549.cms?referral=PM|work=The Times of India|date=2 July 2013|access-date=4 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161003120603/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/3-more-districts-enter-National-Capital-Region-fold/articleshow/20867549.cms?referral=PM|archive-date=3 October 2016|url-status=live}} Subsequently, Charkhi Dadri district was separated from Bhiwani district in 2016.{{cite news|title=Charki Dadri notified as 22nd district of Haryana|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Charki-Dadri-notified-as-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/55803185.cms|work=The Times of India|date=5 December 2016|access-date=13 July 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161206045347/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Charki-Dadri-notified-as-22nd-district-of-Haryana/articleshow/55803185.cms|archive-date=6 December 2016|url-status=live}}

On 9 June 2015, the Government of India approved the inclusion of three more districts in NCR – Jind, Panipat, Karnal in the state of Haryana and Muzaffarnagar in Uttar Pradesh.{{cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/ncr-gets-bigger-jind-karnal-and-muzaffarnagar-districts-added/articleshow/47600351.cms|title=NCR gets bigger; Jind, Karnal and Muzaffarnagar districts added|work=The Economic Times|access-date=28 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150612094923/http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/ncr-gets-bigger-jind-karnal-and-muzaffarnagar-districts-added/articleshow/47600351.cms|archive-date=12 June 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/ncr-3-new-districts-jind-karnal-and-muzaffarnagar/1/443205.html|title=NCR to now include these 3 new districts|access-date=9 June 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150609180709/http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/ncr-3-new-districts-jind-karnal-and-muzaffarnagar/1/443205.html|archive-date=9 June 2015|url-status=live}}{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/video-gallery/general/ncr-to-now-include-3-new-districts-part-2-21815/ncr-to-now-include-3-new-districts-part-2-22106.htm|title=NCR to now include 3 new districts – Part – 2|author=Business Standard|newspaper=Business Standard India |date=9 June 2015 |access-date=28 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305142240/http://www.business-standard.com/video-gallery/general/ncr-to-now-include-3-new-districts-part-2-21815/ncr-to-now-include-3-new-districts-part-2-22106.htm|archive-date=5 March 2016|url-status=live}}{{Cite web|title = Jind and Karnal now at NCR – हरियाणा के 2 और जिले NCR में Amar Ujala|url = http://www.amarujala.com/news/delhi-ncr/delhi-news-ncr/jind-and-karnal-now-at-ncr/|website = delhincr.amarujala.com|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140121085912/http://www.amarujala.com/news/delhi-ncr/delhi-news-ncr/jind-and-karnal-now-at-ncr/|archive-date = 21 January 2014|url-status = live}} covering a total area of 50,566 km².{{cite web|title=Sub-Regional Plan for Haryana Sub-Region of NCR-2021|url=https://www.tcpharyana.gov.in/ncrpb/FINAL%20SRP%20FOR%20WEB-HOSTING/01_Introduction.pdf|website=Department of Town & Country Planning|publisher=Government of Haryana|page=2|date=10 June 2016|access-date=7 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160212145300/http://www.tcpharyana.gov.in/ncrpb/FINAL%20SRP%20FOR%20WEB-HOSTING/01_Introduction.pdf|archive-date=12 February 2016|url-status=live}} Shamli district of U.P. was added to the NCR in December 2017.{{cite news |title=NCR-shamli-inclusion |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-newdelhi/ncr-shamli-inclusion/article21263265.ece |work=The Hindu |date=5 December 2017 |language=en-IN}} As of 2021, there are a total of 24 districts in the NCR, excluding the 11 districts of Delhi.

On 9 January 2018, the government of Uttar Pradesh formally proposed the extension of the NCR to cover the districts Aligarh, Bijnor, Hathras and Mathura.{{cite news|last1=Dabas|first1=Harveer|title=UP govt sends proposal to include Bijnor, Mathura, Aligarh & Hathras in NCR|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/up-govt-sends-proposal-to-include-bijnor-mathura-aligarh-hathras-in-ncr/articleshow/62434756.cms|work=The Times of India|date=9 January 2018|access-date=9 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180110183419/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/up-govt-sends-proposal-to-include-bijnor-mathura-aligarh-hathras-in-ncr/articleshow/62434756.cms|archive-date=10 January 2018|url-status=live}}

Under the "Draft Regional Plan 2041", it has been proposed to limit the NCR region to 100-km radius from Rajghat in Delhi for more focused and sustainable development of the region.{{Cite web |date=17 December 2021 |title='Draft Regional Plan 2041' To Limit NCR Region Around Delhi. Details Here |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/draft-regional-plan-2041-to-limit-ncr-region-around-delhi-details-here-2656719 |access-date=24 June 2022 |website=NDTV.com}}{{Cite web |date=2021-10-14 |title=Proposal to shrink National Capital Region |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/delhi-news/proposal-to-shrink-national-capital-region-101634150921548.html |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}} Government of Haryana has requested NCRPB for at least one-third reduction of its share in the NCR region.{{Cite web |date=2022-02-26 |title=Haryana seeks one-third reduction of area under National Capital Region |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/haryana-seeks-one-third-reduction-of-area-under-ncr-7790863/ |access-date=2022-06-24 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}

A total of 24 districts in three neighbouring states of Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan along with whole of the National Capital Territory of Delhi constitute the National Capital Region (NCR) of India.[http://ncrpb.nic.in/rationale.php National Capital Region Planning Board] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216113422/http://www.ncrpb.nic.in/rationale.php |date=16 December 2012 }}. Ncrpb.nic.in. Retrieved on 16 July 2013.

The areas and populations (per 2011 census, prior to the addition of Muzaffarnagar, Jind, Karnal and Shamli) of these component districts are set out below:{{rp|3,6}}

{{anchor | Sewage connectivity Forests | Planning | Pollution }}

{{Further | Aravalli Range#Wall | l1= The Great Green Wall of Aravalli | Forests Department, Haryana#Leopards | l2= Leopards of Haryana}}

The planning body for the region is the National Capital Region Planning Board (NCRPB). It has issued two regional plans, the "Regional Plan 2001, National Capital Region" approved in 1988, and the "Regional Plan 2021, National Capital Region" approved in 2005.{{cite web|title=Regional Plan 2021, Background|url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pre_regionalplan2021.php|website=ncrpb.nic.in|publisher=NCR Planning Board|access-date=7 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170518023907/http://ncrpb.nic.in/pre_regionalplan2021.php|archive-date=18 May 2017|url-status=live}} Topics covered by the 2001 plan included transport, telecommunications, power and water supply, waste and sewerage, education, health, the environment, housing and the "counter magnet" areas. The 2021 plan extended these with the additional topics of social infrastructure, heritage, tourism, rural development, and disaster management.

The 51% of pollution in NCR is caused by the industrial pollution, 27% by vehicles and 8% by crop burning, consequently there are plans to create a 1,600 km long and 5 km wide The Great Green Wall of Aravalli green ecological corridor along Aravalli range from Gujarat to Delhi to be connected to Sivalik hill range with the planting of 1.35 billion (135 crore) new native trees over 10 years.[https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/want-govt-to-build-1600-km-green-wall-along-aravalli-says-activist-vijaypal-baghel-6182069/ Want govt to build 1600 km green wall along Aravalli] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191224165431/https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/want-govt-to-build-1600-km-green-wall-along-aravalli-says-activist-vijaypal-baghel-6182069/ |date=24 December 2019 }}, Indian Express, 24 December 2019. About 46% of the National Capital Region, home to 40 to 50 million people, is not connected to sewage networks. Sewage from these areas flows into stormwater drains that empty directly into the Yamuna.{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/No-sewerage-in-46-of-NCR/articleshow/34602984.cms|title=No sewerage in 46% of NCR|work=The Times of India|access-date=28 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504091339/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/No-sewerage-in-46-of-NCR/articleshow/34602984.cms|archive-date=4 May 2014|url-status=live}}

A Sports University is proposed to be established in Meerut district of UP Sub-Region.

Delhi NCR has only one high court, which is in Delhi. While it is highly suggested in Regional Plan 2041, Delhi NCR that high court bench must be set up in western Uttar Pradesh, large part of which falls in Delhi NCR. There has been long standing demand for high court bench in Meerut.{{Cite news |date=2021-09-26 |title=Demand for high court Bench in Meerut returns |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/meerut/demand-for-hc-bench-in-meerut-returns-as-up-poll-date-gets-closer/articleshow/86515586.cms |access-date=2023-10-03 |issn=0971-8257}}

Regional Plan 2041, Delhi NCR suggests that industrial growth of western Uttar Pradesh's part of Delhi NCR is being hampered due to unavailability of judicial system. Almost 54% of all cases reaching the High Court originate from the 22 districts of Western UP.

People have to travel 700 km away to Allahabad for hearings. In fact, 6 high courts (Shimla, Delhi, Jaipur, Chandigarh, Nainital, Jammu) from other states are closer than Allahabad from western Uttar Pradesh. Even Lahore high court is closer than Allahabad.

File:Namo Bharat Station.jpg Station]]

File:Namo Bharat Train closeup.jpg Trainset]]

To ease with Transportation within National Capital Region. India's first Regional Rapid Transit System (RRTS) was developed in Delhi NCR. The first line that will become operational in November, 2023 will be Delhi Meerut RRTS. It is an 82.15 km (51.05 mi) long, semi-high speed rail corridor which will be India's first Regional Rapid Transit System currently under construction.{{Cite web |title=Interactive Map – NCRTC |url=https://ncrtc.in/interactive-map/ |access-date=2023-10-03 |language=en-US}}

Out of eight RRTS corridors identified and targeted for development prior to the formation of the NCRTC, the following three were prioritized{{Cite web |title=Project Overview – NCRTC |url=https://ncrtc.in/overview-project/ |access-date=2023-10-03 |language=en-US}} by India's Planning Commission:

• Delhi-Ghaziabad-Meerut (Under Construction, Sahibabad-Duhai 17-km stretch operational, Duhai-Meerut South expected to be inaugurated in March 2024.)
• Delhi-Gurugram-SNB-Alwar (Pre-construction, expected to start construction sometime in 2024.)
• Delhi-Panipat (Proposed)

The RapidX trains will have maximum speed for {{cvt|180|km/h}} and operation max speed would be {{cvt|160|km}}.

File:Delhi-Meerut-Express-Highway-India.png]]

The region has the following operation and upcoming expressways -

• Delhi Meerut Expressway
• Yamuna Expressway (Noida.- Agra)
• Noida - Greater Noida Expressway
• DND Flyway
• Ganga Expressway (Meerut - Varanasi) (India's widest 14 lane expressway)
• Eastern Peripheral Expressway
• Western Peripheral Expressway
• Dwarka Expressway
• Delhi Mumbai Expressway
• UER 2 Expressway
• Delhi Dehradun Expressway
• Delhi-Amritsar-Katra Expressway

For regional logistic transportation both Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridor and Western Dedicated Freight Corridor will pass through Delhi NCR. Sites like Meerut and Dadri are planned to be proposed logistic hub.{{Cite web |title=Invest in UP |url=https://invest.up.gov.in/wp-content/themes/investup/pdf/Warehousing-Logistics-brochure.pdf }}

Ashok Agarwal, national president, Indian Industries Association (IIA), said “We have also received queries related to the allotment of land along the Ganga Expressway from investors. Most of the queries are for land in Meerut, Budaun and its adjoining areas”.{{Cite web |date=2023-05-07 |title=Industrial clusters to come up along Ganga Expressway |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/cities/lucknow-news/ganga-expressway-to-boost-industrial-clusters-across-12-up-districts-investors-eyeing-meerut-and-budaun-areas-101683470276029.html |access-date=2023-10-03 |website=Hindustan Times |language=en}}

• Meerut along Delhi Meerut Expressway
• Dadri Noida Ghaziabad Investment Region

A total of three orbital rail corridors of proposed connected important districts of Meerut, Palwal, Sonipat, Noida, Gurugram, Faridabad and covering NCR area in circular fashion by rails for passenger trains and goods.

• ORC - I: Haryana developing ORC by 2025 connecting Palwal-Sonipat. Uttar Pradesh is also planning to develop ORC connecting Palwal - Khurja - Meerut - Bagapat - Sonipat, to complete the Orbital Circle 1. This is expected to be made fully operational by 2028.
• ORC - II: As “Regional Orbital Rail Corridor (RORC)” connecting Panipat- Shamli- Meerut- Jewar- Nuh- Bhiwadi- Rewari- Jhajjar- Rohtak- Panipat (along CREII) to enable fast regional movement of passenger and goods avoiding CNCR area.
• ORC - III: As “Outer Orbital Rail Corridor (OORC)” along CRE-III, is planned by 2041.{{Cite web |title=Delhi NCR Masterplan 2041 |url=https://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/DraftRegionalPlan-2041_English.pdf }}

It is also proposed in Regional Plan 2041, Delhi NCR that all railway lines in NCR should be 4 tracks by 2030 and 06 tracks by 2040, 100% electrified, broad gauge and of high speed, with latest safety systems, Train Autonomous Cicrumambutation System (TACS), Centralised Traffic Control (CTC), etc.

Currently there is only one international airport, which is Indira Gandhi Internal Airport Delhi. Another airport, Jewar Airport Noida which could become one of Asia's largest airports once full operational is expected to be completed in 2025. Another airport in Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Meerut Airport is proposed in Regional Plan 2041, Delhi NCR.

The city has several metro transit system where the largest network being Delhi Metro which serves Delhi and other regions of NCR including Faridabad, Noida, Gurgaon and Ghaziabad. Noida Metro and Meerut Metro that are separately managed by Uttar Pradesh Metro Rail Corporation are the other transit metro systems currently in operation in the city. While Gurgaon Metro set to be operated by Haryana Mass Rapid Transport Corporation Limited is under construction.{{Cite web |date=2024-02-16 |title=PM Modi Inaugurates AIIMS In Haryana's Rewari, Gurugram Metro Rail Project; Check Full Details Here |url=https://english.jagran.com/india/pm-modi-inaugurates-aiims-in-haryana-rewari-gurugram-metro-rail-project-check-full-details-here-10134001 |access-date=2024-02-17 |website=English Jagran |language=en}}

The 2001 Regional Plan defined the "Delhi Metropolitan Area" (DMA) as comprising the controlled areas of contiguous towns of Ghaziabad–Loni and Noida in Uttar Pradesh; Faridabad–Ballabhgarh, Gurgaon, Bahadurgarh, Kundli and extension of Delhi Ridge in Haryana. The total area of DMA was {{cvt|1696|km2}}, excluding the area of Delhi.{{Cite web |title=Regional Plan 2001 |url=https://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/RPlan_2001.PDF |website=ncrpb.nic.in}}{{cite web |date=September 2007 |title=Evaluation Study of DMA Towns in National Capital Region |url=http://tcpomud.gov.in/divisions/mutp/dma/final_dma_report.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320052724/http://tcpomud.gov.in/divisions/mutp/dma/final_dma_report.pdf |archive-date=20 March 2017 |access-date=19 March 2017 |website=Town and Country Planning Organisation |publisher=Ministry of Urban Development}}

Under the 2021 Regional plan, the Delhi Metropolitan Area was redesignated as "Central National Capital Region" (CNCR) wherein new areas were added. The CNCR comprises controlled areas of contiguous towns of Ghaziabad–Loni and Noida in Uttar Pradesh; Gurgaon–Manesar, Faridabad–Ballabhgarh, Bahadurgarh, and Sonipat–Kundli in Haryana. The total area of CNCR (excluding NCT of Delhi) is approximately {{cvt|2000|km2}}.{{Cite web |title=Regional Plan 2021 |url=https://ncrpb.nic.in/regionalplanchapters.html |website=ncrpb.nic.in}}{{Cite web |title=Study on counter magnet areas to Delhi & NCR |url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/04_Chapter1_cma.pdf |website=ncrpb.nic.in}}

The 2021 plan estimated the 2001 population of the CNCR outside of Delhi to be over 2.8 million, while Delhi's population was 13.8 million, yielding a total CNCR population of 16.6 million.{{cite web|title=Regional Plan 2021 – Chapter 4, Demographic Profile and Settlement Pattern|url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/Regional%20Plan%202021%20chapter/08_CH04%20demographic%20profile%20&%20settlement%20pattern.pdf|publisher=NCR Planning Board|access-date=19 March 2017|page=16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320055054/http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/Regional%20Plan%202021%20chapter/08_CH04%20demographic%20profile%20%26%20settlement%20pattern.pdf|archive-date=20 March 2017|url-status=live}} {{as of|2016}} the most recent population estimates have spanned 25.7 to 26.5 million people.{{cite book|author1=Demographia|title=Demographia World Urban Areas|date=April 2016|edition=12th|url=http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|access-date=17 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180503021711/http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf|archive-date=3 May 2018|url-status=dead}} (excludes Kondli){{cite web|title=The World's Cities in 2016|url=https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf|publisher=United Nations|access-date=4 March 2017|page=4|date=October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112211410/http://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/urbanization/the_worlds_cities_in_2016_data_booklet.pdf|archive-date=12 January 2017|url-status=live}}

Delhi NCR faces its own set of challenges.

1. Pollution - Due to high industrial growth, pollution from vehicles and stubble burning in Haryana & Punjab. Delhi NCR has the worst Air Quality index in the world.
2. Judicial - The western Uttar Pradesh part of NCR contributes more than 50% of revenue to Uttar Pradesh Government. It has lost and risks losing a lot of corporate investments due to the unavailability of the Judicial System in West Uttar Pradesh. High courts of 6 other Indian states are closer to western Uttar Pradesh than the High court of the state of Uttar Pradesh — Allahabad High court. NCR planning board has suggested setting up a high court bench in Meerut to prevent loss of possible investments.
3. Air Connectivity - Delhi NCR has only 1 international airport, which is Indira Gandhi Airport in Delhi. The upcoming airport in Jewar, Noida is under construction.

The 1985 Act (§2.c and §8.f) gives the NCRCB the ability to select districts outside of the NCR to act as counter magnets, with a view to developing them further.{{rp|2,10}}

Counter-magnet cities are identified as those that can be developed as alternative centres of growth and attract migrants to them rather than Delhi.{{cite web|title=Regional Plan 2001, National Capital Region|url=http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/RP-2001.PDF|publisher=NCR Planning Board|date=3 November 1988|quote=the future interceptors of migratory flow|access-date=7 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308050801/http://ncrpb.nic.in/pdf_files/RP-2001.PDF|archive-date=8 March 2017|url-status=live}}{{rp|121}} The criteria for selecting counter magnet towns are: that they should have their own established roots and potential of growth,{{rp|121}} and should not be centres of either religious, strategic or environmental importance.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}} The counter magnet cities should be given priority when allocating funding for development of land, housing and infrastructure.{{rp|126}}

Following are the nine Counter-Magnet Areas to NCR spread across six states:{{Cite web|title = NCR Constituent Areas|url = http://ncrpb.nic.in/ncrconstituent.php|website = National Capital Region Planning Board|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171224112650/http://ncrpb.nic.in/ncrconstituent.php |archive-date=24 December 2017}}{{Cite news |date=2021-09-01 |title='Boost Counter Magnet Areas to control migration' |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/boost-counter-magnet-areas-to-control-migration/article36239026.ece |access-date=2022-06-24 |issn=0971-751X}}

• Hisar and Ambala in Haryana
• Bareilly and Kanpur in Uttar Pradesh
• Kota and Jaipur in Rajasthan
• Patiala in Punjab
• Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh
• Dehradun in Uttarakhand

{{Portal|India}}

• Mumbai Metropolitan Region
• Kolkata Metropolitan Region
• Chennai metropolitan area

{{Reflist}}

• [http://ncrpb.nic.in/ National Capital Region Planning Board]
• [http://www.npsin.in/blogs/mandir/famous-temples-in-delhi-ncr Famous Temples in Delhi NCR]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721175718/http://ncrup.up.nic.in/images/ncrmaps.jpg NCR map] (archived 21 July 2011)
• [http://www.archive.india.gov.in/knowindia/districts.php Official area information of districts of India]
• [https://bulandshahar.nic.in/ Bulandshahr official website]
• [https://web.archive.org/web/20110721163314/http://bhiwani.nic.in/ Bhiwani official site] (archived 21 July 2011)
• [http://mahendragarh.nic.in/index.asp# Mahendragarh official site]
• [https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/linked-documents/41598-01-ind-oth-01.pdf National Capital Region Urban Infrastructure Financing Facility] on Asian Development Bank

{{World's most populous urban areas}}

{{Authority control}}

Category:Geography of Delhi

Category:National Capital Region (India)