NGC 1600

{{Infobox Galaxy

| name = NGC 1600

| image = Cutout HST 7886 22 NIC NIC2 total sci NGC 1600.jpg

| image_size = 300px

| caption = Image derived from data taken by the Hubble Space Telescope.

| epoch = J2000

| ra = {{RA|4|31|39.9}}{{cite web

| publisher=NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database

| title=Results for NGC 1600

| url=http://nedwww.ipac.caltech.edu/

| access-date=2016-04-06

}}

| dec = {{DEC|-5|05|10}}

| constellation name = Eridanus

| dist_ly = {{convert|45,770|kpc|kly|abbr=on|lk=on}}

| z = 0.015614

| h_radial_v = 4681 km/s

| group_cluster = group

| type = E3 or E4 {{cite journal

| last1 = Matthias

| first1 = Michael

| last2 = Gerhard

| first2 = Ortwin

| date = 1999-12-11

| title = Dynamics of the boxy elliptical galaxy NGC 1600

| journal = Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

| volume = 310

| issue = 3

| pages = 879–891

| doi = 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.03022.x

| doi-access = free

|arxiv = astro-ph/9901036 |bibcode = 1999MNRAS.310..879M | s2cid = 14530337

}}

| mass = {{Val|1|e=12}}

| mass_light_ratio = 10.58

| appmag_v = 11.93

| names = LEDA 15406,{{cite web

|url= http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-id?Ident=NGC%201600

|title= NGC 1600 – Galaxy in Group of Galaxies

|publisher= SIMBAD

}} PGC 15406

| size_v = 2.5 x 1.7 arcminutes

}}

NGC 1600 is an elliptical galaxy in the constellation Eridanus, {{convert|149|Mly|Mpc|abbr=on|lk=on}} away from Earth.

Cluster membership

Often described as being an isolated early-type galaxy, it is known to have at least 30 fainter satellite galaxies, including NGC 1601 and NGC 1603.{{cite journal

| last1 = Smith

| first1 = Rodney M.

| last2 = Martínez

| first2 = Vicent J.

| last3 = Fernández-Soto

| first3 = Alberto

| last4 = Ballesteros

| first4 = Fernando J.

| last5 = Ortiz-Gil

| first5 = Amelia

| date = 2008-05-20

| title = NGC 1600: Cluster or Field Elliptical?

| journal = The Astrophysical Journal

| volume = 679

| issue = 420

| doi = 10.1086/587454

|arxiv = 0802.1846 |bibcode = 2008ApJ...679..420S

| pages=420–427| s2cid = 16331294

}} The galaxy has been observed to have boxy isophotes and little rotation. The presence of H-alpha indicates possible ongoing star formation, and the galaxy is a known source of X-ray emissions. It is believed that NGC 1600 is the product of a galaxy merger which took place over 4 Gyr ago. The age of the galaxy is estimated at 4.6–8.8 Gyr.

The system consisting of NGC 1600 and its surrounding galaxies shares some similarities to fossil galaxy groups, but is not exactly the same. For example, it has an unusually high concentration of dark matter, similar to fossil groups. However, the X-ray luminosity is less than {{val|5e41}} erg s⁻¹, the threshold for fossil groups.{{cite journal|doi=10.1093/mnras/stab3139|arxiv=2110.13931|title=The unusually high dark matter concentration of the galaxy group NGC 1600|year=2021|last1=Runge|first1=J.|last2=Walker|first2=S. A.|last3=Mirakhor|first3=M. S.|journal=Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society|volume=509 |issue=2 |pages=2647–2653 |doi-access=free }}

Supermassive black hole

NGC 1600 has a diffuse distribution of stars near its center, caused by the influence of the galaxy's central black hole.{{cite journal

| last1 = Thomas

| first1 = Jens

| last2 = Chung-Pei

| first2 = Ma

| author-link2 = Chung-Pei Ma

| last3 = McConnell

| first3 = Nicholas J.

| last4 = Greene

| first4 = Jenny E.

| last5 = Blakeslee

| first5 = John P.

| last6 = Janish

| first6 = Ryan

| date = 2016-04-06

| title = A 17-billion-solar-mass black hole in a group galaxy with a diffuse core

| journal = Nature

| doi = 10.1038/nature17197

| issn = 0028-0836

|arxiv = 1604.01400 |bibcode = 2016Natur.532..340T

| volume=532

| issue = 7599

| pages=340–342

| pmid=27049949| s2cid = 4454301

}} Despite NGC 1600 being of typical size, the supermassive black hole at its center is unusually large, with a mass of 17 billion solar masses ({{Solar mass|link=y}}), making it one of the largest known.{{cite web |title=Supersized black hole discovery forces universal rethink |date=2016-04-06 |website=The Guardian |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221229011320/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/apr/06/supersized-black-hole-discovery-forces-universal-rethink |archive-date=2022-12-29 |url-status=live |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/apr/06/supersized-black-hole-discovery-forces-universal-rethink}} At the time of the determination of the size of the black hole, in 2016, it was found to be unusual in its location in relation to the galaxy population of the region. Previously, extremely large black holes were only found in the hearts of large dense rich clusters, the galaxy group for which NGC 1600 is found is only an average galaxy group and not a rich cluster. This discovery could signify previously unknown populations of very large black holes, and that black hole growth models may be incorrect or incomplete.{{cite news |url= http://www.csmonitor.com/Science/2016/0406/Humongous-black-hole-catches-astronomers-totally-off-guard |title= Humongous black hole catches astronomers totally off guard |publisher= Christian Science Monitor |author= Sarah Lewin |work= SPACE.com |date= 6 April 2016 }}

Gallery

File:NGC 1600.jpg|Elliptical galaxy NGC 1600 is located in a galaxy group about 200 million light-years away.{{cite web |title= Behemoth black hole found in an unlikely place |url= http://www.spacetelescope.org/news/heic1607/ |access-date= 7 April 2016 |date= 6 April 2016 |publisher= Hubble Space Telescope |id= heic1607 |author1=Jens Thomas |author2=Mathias Jäger }}

File:NGC 1600 PanS.jpg|PanSTARRS image of NGC 1600 and surrounding galaxies NGC 1601 and NGC 1603

References

External links

{{commons category-inline}}

Category:Elliptical galaxies

Category:Eridanus (constellation)

1600

015406