NMS Năluca
| {{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image | Ship image= Romanian torpedo boat Năluca.jpg | Ship caption = }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header = | Ship country = Austria-Hungary | Ship flag = 40px | Ship name = Tb 82F | Ship namesake = | Ship ordered = | Ship builder = Ganz & Danubius, Fiume | Ship laid down =30 October 1913 | Ship launched =11 August 1914 | Ship commissioned =16 August 1916 | Ship decommissioned = | Ship in service = | Ship out of service = | Ship struck = | Ship reinstated = | Ship honours = | Ship fate = Given to Romania as reparations, 1920 }} {{Infobox ship career | Hide header =title | Ship country = Romania | Ship flag = {{shipboxflag|Kingdom of Romania|naval}} | Ship name = Năluca | Ship namesake = The Romanian word for ghost | Ship ordered = | Ship builder = | Ship laid down = | Ship launched = | Ship commissioned = 1920 | Ship decommissioned = | Ship in service = | Ship out of service = | Ship reinstated = | Ship struck = | Ship honours = | Ship fate = Sunk by Soviet aircraft, 20 August 1944 | Ship notes = }} {{Infobox ship characteristics | Hide header = | Header caption = | Ship class = 250t-class torpedo boat | Ship displacement =*{{convert|266|LT|t}} (standard)
| Ship length = {{convert|58.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship beam = {{convert|5.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship draft = {{convert|1.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}} | Ship propulsion =*1 oil-burning & 1 coal-burning Yarrow boilers
| Ship power ={{Convert|5000|shp|lk=in|abbr=on}} | Ship speed = {{convert|28|kn|mph km/h}} | Ship range = {{convert|1,200|nmi|km}} at {{convert|16|kn|mph km/h}} | Ship complement = 38 | Ship sensors = | Ship EW = | Ship armament =*World War I:
| Ship armor = | Ship notes = }} |
NMS Năluca was a torpedo boat of the Royal Romanian Navy. She was commissioned in 1920, after initially serving as Tb 82 F in the Austro-Hungarian Navy during World War I. She and six more sister ships were awarded to Romania as reparations after the war ended.
Construction and specifications
A vessel of the F-group of the 250t-class, Năluca was built by Ganz & Danubius at Fiume and nearby Porto Re, along with the rest of her group, between October 1913 and December 1916. Under the designation Tb 82 F, she was laid down at Porto Re on 30 October 1913 and launched on 11 August 1914. The Italian declaration of war against Austria in May 1915 resulted in Tb 82 F being towed to the more secure port of Pula, and she was not completed until 16 August 1916. She had a waterline length of {{convert|58.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, a beam of {{convert|5.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}}, and a normal draught of {{convert|1.5|m|ftin|abbr=on}}. While her designed displacement was {{convert|266|t|LT|0}}, she displaced about {{convert|330|t|LT}} fully loaded. The crew consisted of 38 officers and enlisted men. Her AEG-Curtiss turbines were rated at {{convert|5000|shp|abbr=on}} with a maximum output of {{convert|6000|shp|abbr=on}}, enabling her to reach a top speed of {{convert|28|kn}}. She carried {{convert|20|LT|sigfig=3}} of coal and {{convert|34|LT|sigfig=3}} of fuel oil, which gave her a range of {{convert|1200|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|16|kn}}. Under the provisions of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, she was given as reparations to Romania in 1920, along with six more boats of the same class.{{harvnb|Greger|1976|pp=58, 60}}Jane's Information Group, Jane's Fighting Ships of World War II, London, England: Studio Editions, 1989, p. 313 During World War II, she had no torpedo tubes.{{harvnb|Hervieux|2001|p=70}} These were replaced by depth charges, her artillery consisting of two 66 mm naval guns and two 20 mm anti-aircraft guns.{{harvnb|Piekałkiewicz|1987|p=350}} The depth charges were deployed using one 400 mm thrower.Е. Е. Шведе, Военные флоты 1939–1940 гг., Рипол Классик, 2013, p. 119 (in Russian)
Career
=Austro-Hungarian service=
On the night of 28/29 November 1916, Tb 82 F, together with sister ships Tb 86 F, Tb 89 F, Tb 90 F and Tb 91 F sortied towards Valona.{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=410}}
On 23 March 1917, Tb 82 F was part of the 15th Torpedo-boat Group of the 9th Torpedo craft division.{{harvnb|Fock|1989|p=407}} On 21 May 1917, the designations of Austro-Hungarian torpedo boats was revised, with the prefix letter indicating the ship's constructor being omitted, and Tb 82 F becoming Tb 82.{{harvnb|Gardiner|Gray|1985|p=339}} On 19 October 1917, Tb 82 was one of a number of destroyers and torpedo boats supporting air attacks against Ancona, and on 19 November, took part in minelaying operations between Venice and Ancona with the destroyers {{SMS|Triglav|1917|2}} and {{SMS|Reka||2}} and the torpedo boats Tb 72, Tb 86, Tb 87, Tb 89, Tb 90, Tb 91 and Tb 95. On 28 November, Tb 82 formed part of a force of six destroyers and eight torpedo boats that bombarded targets on the Italian coast between Porto Corsini (near the Port of Ravenna) and Rimini.
=Romanian service=
While fighting on the Axis side during World War II, she was involved in the minelaying operation of the Bulgarian coast in October 1941.{{harvnb|Bertke|Kindell|Smith|2012|p=323}}
On 9 July 1941, Năluca, aided by the motor torpedo boats Viscolul and Vijelia, sank the Soviet Shchuka-class submarine Shch-206 near Mangalia.{{harvnb|Hervieux|2001|p=72}}Cristian Crăciunoiu, Romanian navy torpedo boats, Modelism, 2003, p. 135{{harvnb|Bertke|Kindell|Smith|2012|p=134}}{{harvnb|Rotaru|Damaschin|2000|pp=50–51}}
On 28 September 1942, Năluca was unsuccessfully attacked by the Soviet M-class submarine M-120 near the Southern coast of the Crimea.{{harvnb|Bertke|Kindell|Smith|2014|p=71}}
Between 26 July and 17 September 1943, Năluca carried out 12 escort missions, between Constanța and Odessa. On 27 August, during the 8th escort, her convoy was unsuccessfully attacked by seven Soviet torpedo bombers.{{harvnb|Rotaru|Damaschin|2000|pp=267–268}}
On 20 August 1944, Soviet aircraft carried out a large air attack on the main Romanian port of Constanța, involving 62 bombers and 80 escorting fighters and ground attack aircraft. Năluca was sunk, along with the German submarine {{GS|U-9|1935|2}}, three German motor torpedo boats and a motor minesweeper, along with many smaller vessels.{{harvnb|Axworthy|Scafeș|Craciunoiu|1995|p=345}}{{harvnb|Rohwer|Hümmelchen|1992|p=299}}
See also
Sources
;Notes
{{reflist|30em}}
;Bibliography
- {{cite book |last1=Axworthy |first1=Mark |last2=Scafeș |first2=Cornel |last3=Craciunoiu |title=Third Axis, Fourth Ally: Romanian Armed Forces in the European War, 1941–1945 |year=1995 |location=London |publisher=Arms and Armour Press |isbn=1-85409-267-7 }}
- {{cite book |last1=Bertke |first1=Donald A. |last2=Kindell |first2=Don |last3=Smith |first3=Gordon |title=World War II sea war. 4, Germany sends Russia to the Allies : day-to-day naval actions June 1941 through November 1941 |year=2012 |location=Dayton, Ohio |publisher=Bertke Publ.|isbn=9781937470036}}
- {{cite book |last1=Bertke |first1=Donald A. |last2=Kindell |first2=Don |last3=Smith |first3=Gordon |title=World War II sea war. 7, The Allies strike back : day-to-day naval actions September through November 1942 |year=2014 |location=Dayton, Ohio |publisher=Bertke Publ.|isbn=9781937470111}}
- {{cite book |last=Fock |first=Harald |title=Z-vor! Internationale Entwicklung und Kriegseinsätze von Zerstörern und Torpedobooten, 1914 bis 1939 |year=1989 |location=Herford, Germany |publisher=Koelers Verlagsgesellschaft mbH |language=de |isbn=3-7822-0207-4 }}
- {{cite book |editor1-last=Gardiner |editor1-first=Robert |editor2-last=Gray |editor2-first=Randal |title=Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921 |year=1985 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |isbn=0-85177-245-5}}
- {{cite book |last=Greger |first=René|title=Austro-Hungarian Warships of World War I |year=1976 |location=London |publisher=Ian Allan |isbn=0-7110-0623-7}}
- {{cite book |last=Hervieux |first=Pierre |chapter=The Royal Romanian Navy at War, 1941–1944 |editor-last=Preston |editor-first=Antony |title=Warship 2001–2002 |year=2001 |location=London |publisher=Conway Maritime Press |pages=70–88 |isbn=0-85177-901-8}}
- {{cite book |last=Piekałkiewicz |first=Janusz |title=Sea War, 1939-1945 |year=1987 |location=Harrisburg, Pennsylvania |publisher= Historical Times |isbn=091867817X}}
- {{cite book |last1=Rohwer |first1=Jürgen |last2=Hümmelchen |first2=Gerhard |title=Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945 |year=1992 |publisher=Greenhill Books |location=London |isbn=1-85367-117-7 }}
- {{cite book |last1=Rotaru |first1=Jipa |last2=Damaschin |first2=Ioan |title=Glorie și dramă : Marina Regală Română, 1940-1945 |year=2000 |publisher=Editura "Ion Cristoiu" |location=Bucharest |isbn=9789739954471}}
External links
- [http://www.ligamilitarilor.ro/arc-peste-timp/marina-militara-romana-in-timpul-celui-de-al-doilea-razboi-mondial/ Torpilorul NĂLUCA, spaima submarinelor sovietice (in Romanian)]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Năluca}}
Category:Ships built in Austria-Hungary
Category:World War I naval ships of Austria-Hungary
Category:Torpedo boats of the Austro-Hungarian Navy
Category:World War II torpedo boats of Romania
Category:Maritime incidents in August 1944
Category:World War II shipwrecks in the Black Sea