Nachlaot

Nahala, plural nahlaot (with different ways of transliterating/spelling it), is a Hebrew word for either heritage or estate.

File:NahlaotJerusalemNov112022 02.jpg|Nachlaot neighborhoods south of Bezalel Street

File:NahlaotJerusalemNov112022 01.jpg|Nachlaot neighborhoods north of Bezalel Street

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File:View of Nachlaot under the snow, 2015.jpg, February 2015]]

File:PikiWiki Israel 3988 stairs street jerusalem.jpg

The neighbourhoods that make up the Nachlaot district were established between 1875 and 1933 outside the walls of the Old City, which was becoming increasingly overcrowded and unsanitary. The first was Even Yisrael, built in 1875 as the sixth neighborhood outside of the walls of Jerusalem's Old City. Its name was derived from the biblical verse (Genesis 49:24): "But his bow abode firm, and the arms of his hands were made supple, by the hands of the Mighty One of Jacob, from thence, from the Shepherd, the Stone of Israel." The numerical value of stone ("Even" in Hebrew) also corresponds to the 53 homes first built there.{{Cite book|last=Shaleṿ-Kalifa, Nirit.|first=|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53348945|title=Naḥlaʼot be-lev ʻir : le-sayer ʻim Yad Ben-Tsevi bi-Yerushalayim|last2=שלו־כליפא, נירית.|date=2003|publisher=Hotsaʼat Yad Yitsḥaḳ Ben-Tsevi|others=Miron, Eyal., מירון, אייל.|year=|isbn=965-217-213-8|location=Yerushalayim|pages=28|oclc=53348945}} Established that same year to the west of Even Yisrael, Mishkenot Yisrael is the second neighborhood of the Nachlaot.{{Cite book|last=Shaleṿ-Kalifa, Nirit.|first=|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53348945|title=Naḥlaʼot be-lev ʻir : le-sayer ʻim Yad Ben-Tsevi bi-Yerushalayim|last2=שלו־כליפא, נירית.|date=2003|publisher=Hotsaʼat Yad Yitsḥaḳ Ben-Tsevi|others=Miron, Eyal., מירון, אייל.|year=|isbn=965-217-213-8|location=Yerushalayim|pages=6|oclc=53348945}} The name comes from a biblical verse ({{bibleverse|Numbers|24:5}}): "How goodly are thy tents, O Jacob/Thy dwellings, O Israel." Mazkeret Moshe was founded by Sir Moses Montefiore in 1882 as an Ashkenazi neighborhood. Ohel Moshe is a Sephardi neighborhood established alongside it.

Former Israeli president Yitzhak Navon grew up in Ohel Moshe, and the neighborhood served as the inspiration for his play Bustan Sephardi (Sephardi Orchard). The Banai family, a famous family of actors and singers, lived in Nachlaot.{{cite web |url= https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Archaeology/jerott.html |title= Jerusalem Architecture in the late Ottoman Period - Jewish Virtual Library |publisher= Jewish Virtual Library}} A Syrian Jewish community settled in Nahalat Zion in 1891 and built the Ades Synagogue, which was completed in 1901. Jerusalem's Mahane Yehuda outdoor market is located in Nachlaot. Rabbi Aryeh Levin, known as the "prisoners' rabbi" for his visits to members of the Jewish underground imprisoned in the Russian Compound, lived in Mishkenot Yisrael. Nahalat Ahim, south of Rehov Bezalel, was founded in 1925 for the Yemenite community.[http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1243346488528&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FPrinter Jerusalem Post article]{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

In the wake of gentrification in the area, housing prices have risen steeply.{{cite web|url=http://www.gojerusalem.com/discover/item_141/Nachlaot|title=Nachlaot|work=GoJerusalem}}

File:Or Zaruaa synagogue, founded by Rabbi Amram Aburbeh in Nahlat Ahim, Jerusalem, Israel exterior photo; showing location on 3 Refali street..jpg]]

At one time Nachlaot had a higher concentration of synagogues than anywhere else in the world, around 300 within a radius of just a few blocks.{{citation needed|date=June 2013}} Many of these were not much more than a tiny room with space for only about a dozen worshippers.

The neighborhood includes the Ades Synagogue, Ades Congregation, the flagship of the Syrian Halebi community, as well as the synagogues located in the Knesset Aleph (Beis Rachel), Batei Broide, Batei Munkatz and Batei Rand neighborhoods, following the tradition of Old Jerusalem, including followers of the Vilna Gaon as well as Hasidic tradition.

Or Zaruaa Synagogue, founded in 1926 by Rabbi Amram Aburbeh for the Ma'araviim Jewish congregation, also served as a yeshiva for religious students. The building located on 3 Shmuel Refaeli street in Nahalat Ahim neighborhood was declared a historic preservation site in 1989, under cultural heritage protection. Rabbi Ben-Zion Meir Hai Uziel, the chief rabbi of Erez Israel, appointed Aburbeh as chief rabbi of the Nachlaot neighbourhood from 1924 to 1951. He was succeeded by Rabbi Rahamim Levy, who served as Rav of Nachlaot until 2013.

The Romaniote community of Jerusalem holds its religious services in the synagogue Beit Avraham Ve'ohel Sarah liKehilat Ioanina, which is also in Nachlaot.[http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/203134 Ioanina's Jews: Remnants of a vibrant Romanioti community, 09/11/15. Retrieved on 22.07.2018]

Yeshiva Sulam Yaakov was founded in 2006 by Rabbi Aaron Leibowitz; it serves, largely, the "Anglo" community.

File:Gerard Behar Center2.jpg

The Gerard Behar Center, formerly known as Beit Ha'Am, opened in 1961.{{cite web |url=http://jerusalem.com/articles/culture_and_politics/the_gerardbehar_center_in_jerusalem-a2085|title=The Gerard-Behar Center in Jerusalem|publisher=Jerusalem.com|date=3 May 2013|access-date=1 April 2016}} It was the venue for the 1961 trial of Adolf Eichmann{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/whileamericawatc00shan_0 |url-access=registration|title=While America Watches: Televising the Holocaust|first=Jeffrey|last=Shandler|year=1999|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=0195182588|page=[https://archive.org/details/whileamericawatc00shan_0/page/90 90]}} and was renovated in 1983 as an arts centre.{{cite web |url=https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-165084941.html

|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160505011925/https://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P1-165084941.html

|url-status=dead

|archive-date=5 May 2016

|title=How Behar Changed Its Stars|first=Abe|last=Selig|date=11 June 2009|access-date=1 April 2016|work=The Jerusalem Post}}

Barbur Gallery is a nonprofit space originally opened in Nachlaot for contemporary art and artists, offering changing exhibitions, musical performances, movie screenings, video-art and art lectures.{{cite web|url=http://www.jpost.com/Travel/Around-Israel/Top-5-Contemporary-art-hotspots|title=Top 5: Contemporary art hotspots|work=The Jerusalem Post - JPost.com}} In 2020, the gallery relocated to the nearby Mamilla neighborhood.{{Cite web|title=Jerusalem gallery wins Supreme Court ruling against municipality eviction|url=https://www.jpost.com/israel-news/jerusalem-gallery-wins-supreme-court-ruling-against-municipality-eviction-641703|access-date=2021-01-26|website=The Jerusalem Post {{!}} JPost.com|language=en-US}}

File:Yismach Moshe synagogue.jpg residents as Mazkeres, the Ashkenazic pronunciation of the neighborhood and the steet where it is located.]]

• Rabbi Yitzhak Arieli, spiritual leader*{{cite web |url=http://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1006&context=miscellaneous_papers |title=Early Memories: Recollections Concerning the Settlement of Jerusalem The Old City and Its Environs During the Last Century|first=Eliyahu|last=Porush|date=1 January 1963|access-date=16 February 2014|publisher=University of Pennsylvania Scholarly Commons |page=48}}
• Amram Aburbeh - Nachlaot's Chief Rabbi between 1925–1951
• Ehud Banai (born 1953) - singer and songwriter
• Yossi Banai (1932–2006) - singer, actor, and dramatist
• Uzi Baram (born 1937) - former member of the Knesset and government minister
• Alex Clare - English singer and songwriter, moved to Jerusalem in 2015
• Rabbi Shimon Tzvi Horowitz, kabbalist and co-rosh yeshiva of Shaar Hashamayim Yeshiva{{sfn|Shwartz|2005|p=32}}{{cite web |url=http://chareidi.org/archives5767/rosh/RSH67features2.htm |title=A Century Since the Founding of Yeshivas Shaar HaShamayim, 5666-5766 |first=Rabbi Aryeh |last=Gefen |publisher=Dei'ah VeDibur |date=20 September 2006 |access-date=21 February 2015}}
• Aryeh Levin (1885-1969) - Orthodox rabbi dubbed the "Father of Prisoners"
• Michael Levin (1984–2006) - American-Israeli paratrooper
• Rami Levy (born 1955) - founder and owner of Israeli's third-largest retail supermarket chain
• Rabbi Hillel Lieberman, founder of Bais Yaakov in Israel{{cite web |url=http://www.jewishpress.com/sections/travel/chol-hamoed-walking-tour/2013/03/15/0/?print|title=Chol HaMoed Walking Tour|work=The Jewish Press|date=15 March 2013|access-date=16 February 2014}}
• Uzi Narkiss (1925–1997) - Israeli general{{cite news |author= Cashman, Greer Fay |title= A defender of Jerusalem (partial interview) |year= 1997 |url= http://info.jpost.com/1998/Supplements/30years/narkiss.html |access-date= 2010-12-13 |url-status= dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050410125714/http://info.jpost.com/1998/Supplements/30years/narkiss.html |archive-date= 2005-04-10 }}
• Yitzhak Navon (1921–2015) - President of Israel; politician, diplomat, and author
• Moshe-Zvi Neria, founder of the Bnei Akiva movement and Israeli politician*{{cite web |url=http://www.gevaryahu.com/shwartz/EliyahuShwartz-English.pdf|title=My Life's Story|first=Eliyahu Yekutiel|last=Shwartz|year=2005|publisher=Eliyahu Yekutiel Shwartz Memorial Committee |pages=32-33}}

• Shlomo Zalman Porush, charity trustee in the Old Yishuv.*{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zhdp9btWGWQC |last=Rossoff |first=Dovid |title=Where Heaven Touches Earth: Jewish life in Jerusalem from medieval times to the present |year=2001 |publisher=Feldheim Publishers |isbn=0-87306-879-3 |page=373}}
• Yosef Qafih (1917–2000) - Yemenite-Israeli authority on Jewish religious law
• Aaron Razel (born 1974) - singer, musician{{cite web |url=http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/headlines-breaking-stories/140863/a-special-sukka-only-in-nachlaot.html|title=A Special Sukka – Only in Nachlaot|date=4 October 2012|access-date=24 February 2015|work=Yeshiva World News}}
• Yonatan Razel (born 1973) - American-Israeli singer, musician{{cite web |url=http://www.timesofisrael.com/yonatan-razel-a-classical-twist-on-spiritual-religious-song/|title=A classical twist on spiritual, religious song|first=Jessica|last=Steinberg|date=March 19, 2013|access-date=February 24, 2015|work=The Times of Israel}}{{cite web |url=http://www.thejewishinsights.com/wp/mishpacha-magazine-yonatan-razel-miracle-song/|title=Miracle Song|first=Aharon|last=Granot-Granevich|date=1 August 2012|access-date=24 February 2015|work=Mishpacha}}
• Yosef Rivlin (1838–1897) - rabbi and founder of several Jerusalem neighbourhoods.
• Dr. Ephraim Shach, son of Rabbi Elazar Shach{{cite web |url=http://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/boruch-dayan-emmes/106042/baruch-dayan-emmes-dr-ephraim-shach-zl.html|title=Baruch Dayan Emmes – Dr. Ephraim Shach Z"L|date=17 October 2011|work=Yeshiva World News|access-date=2 December 2014}}

• Nahlaot : a portrait of a neighborhood in Jerusalem / Stephen Lewis. Jerusalem : Jerusalem Institute for Israel Studies, 1987.
• Beit Tefilah : hidden synagogues in the heart of Jerusalem / Reuven Gafni. Jerusalem : Yad Ben Zvi, 2008. (Hebrew)

• Expansion of Jerusalem in the 19th century

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{{Neighborhoods of Jerusalem}}

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Category:Neighbourhoods of Jerusalem

Category:19th-century establishments in Ottoman Syria

Category:Populated places established in the 1870s

Category:19th century in Jerusalem