National Air Operations Command

The forerunner to the National Air Operations Command (Koopsudnas) was the Sector Operation Centre (SOC) formed in 1958. Then the Joint Air Defense Command (Kohanudgab) was formed in 1961, its members came from the army, navy and air force. Kohanudgab is tasked with guarding defense centers in the eastern part of Indonesia. Furthermore, the National Air Defense Command (Kohanudnas) was formed based on the Decree of the President of the Republic of Indonesia No. 08/PIM/PI/62 dated 9 February 1962. Kohanudnas as the Main Operations Command of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Indonesia, is tasked with carrying out integrated security defense efforts over national air space both independently and in collaboration with the main operational commands of other forces. Interoperability in the use of defense equipment such as fighter aircraft, radar, air defense artillery, and Navy warships.{{Cite web |title=LINTASAN SEJARAH KOMANDO OPERASI UDARA NASIONAL |url=https://tni-au.mil.id/portfolio/kohanudnas/ |access-date=1 September 2023 |website=TNI Angkatan Udara |language=id}}

At the early of 1962, Operation Trikora was getting underway as the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) were already engaging the military forces of The Netherlands in what is now Papua and West Papua provinces. The National Air Defense Forces Command was established on 9 February 1962 as the air defense division of that operation commanded by AVM H.M.Sujono on the basis of the TNI Joint Service Air Defense Command ({{lang|id|Komando Pertahanan Udara Gabungan APRI}}) whose commander for Papuan air force operations was Colonel Leo Wattimena of the Air Force. At the beginning, the INADF was organized into 2 Air defense sectors covering parts of the Moluccas and the then Netherlands New Guinea, each composed of a number of radar stations. By March 1962, four Air Defense Sectors were active nationwide.{{cite web |url=http://www.kohanudnas.mil.id/publik/content?id=25&menu=KOHANUDNAS-Lintasan_Sejarah |title=Sejarah Terbentuknya KOHANUDNAS |publisher=www.kohanudnas.mil.id |date=1 September 2014 |accessdate=14 March 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-date=15 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180315123843/http://kohanudnas.mil.id/publik/content?id=25&menu=KOHANUDNAS-Lintasan_Sejarah }}

After the conclusion of Operation Trikora, the command was the first to be equipped with surface to air missiles in Southeast Asia, with the arrival of the S-75 Dvina SAM system, which served alongside the AZP S-60, M1939 61-K, M1939 52-K, Zastava M55, Bofors 40 mm gun and the Oerlikon GDF until the early 1970s, alongside radar stations built with Warsaw Pact and Yugoslav assistance.

File:Badge Komando Pertahanan Udara (Kohanud).png

The Air Force Air Defense Command, raised on 12 September 1963, form majority of the personnel under the Kohanudnas. Its primary mission is to develop and prepare combat readiness of air defense capabilities of the air force. The Air Defense Command is based at Halim Perdanakusuma Airport and has 4 air defense wings, which are 100th Missile Defense Wing, 200th Radar Wing, 300th Interceptor Wing, and 400th Radar Wing. Aside from these, personnel of the Army Air Defense Artillery Corps and the Directorate of Air Defense Operations of the Navy, both of the Indonesian Army and Indonesian Navy, respectively and activated in 1962, are under its operational supervision.

Air Force Operations Command were established 1951 with Air Cdre Ruslan Danurusamsi as its first commander.{{cite act|type=Chief of Staff of the Air Force Order|index=57/23/Peng/KS/51|year=1951|title=Pengumuman KASAU No. 57/23/Peng/KS/51|language=id}} In 1976, the Command was renamed into Combined Air Combat Command. In 1985, as part of a major reorganization of the armed forces, the Command was split into Air Force Operations Commands 1 and 2 to oversee supervision over all regional air bases and air force formations within Indonesia on the basis of the Air Regions. On 11 May 2018, Air Force Operations Command 3 was officially formed on the basis of the Air Force Operations Command 2 bases in eastern Indonesia.{{Cite tweet |user=_TNIAU |number=995102023912538114 |title=Organisasi baru TNI AU setingkat Kotamaops yakni Koopsau III telah resmi berdiri, diresmikan oleh Panglima TNI Marsekal TNI Hadi Tjahjanto, S.I.P., bersamaan dengan Kotama TNI AD dan Kotama TNI AL, dalam sebuah upacara militer di Sorong Papua Barat, Jumat (11/5).|language=id|date=2018-05-12}}

In January 2022, National Air Defense Command and Air Force Operations Command 1, 2, and 3 were officially merged into one organization - Koopsudnas. The unified service serves as an umbrella institution managing air defense and superiority operations under the Air Force.{{Cite web|last=Noviansyah|first=Wildan|date=2022-01-28|title=KSAU Ganti Nama Kohanudnas Jadi Koopsudnas|url=https://news.detik.com/berita/d-5918096/ksau-ganti-nama-kohanudnas-jadi-koopsudnas|access-date=2022-01-31|work=Detik.com}}

• Command HQ
• National Air Operations Commands Component ({{lang|id|Komponen Komando Operasi Udara Nasional}})
• 32x32px 1st Air Operations Command
• 32x32px 2nd Air Operations Command
• 32x32px 3rd Air Operations Command
• 32x32px Quick Reaction Forces Command

The Air Operations Command is led by a two-star Air Vice-Marshal who oversees the aviation and engineering squadrons, and air base elements of all TNI-AU air force bases and subordinate air wings. Each Air Force Base is divided based on function into 2 types, namely, headquarters air base and operational air base. Meanwhile, based on the area and completeness of the facilities, it is divided into 3 types, namely type A, type B and type C. Apart from maintenance matters, Air Squadrons and their subordinate units may move from headquarter airbase to operation airbase in certain operations during combat exercises or warfare. The Engineering Squadron generally serves the maintenance of aircraft belonging to the Air Squadron which are at the same AFB.

| rowspan="1"|{{center|Manuhua Air Force Base, Biak (A)}}

| rowspan="1" |

• Silas Papare Air Force Base, Jayapura (A)
• Johannes Abraham Dimara Air Force Base, Merauke (B)
• Pattimura Air Force Base, Ambon (B)
• Leo Wattimena Air Force Base, Morotai (C)
• Dominicus Dumatubun Air Force Base, Tual (C)
• Yohanis Kapiyau Air Force Base, Timika (C)
• Ignatius Dewanto Air Force Base, Tanimbar (C)

|}

{{Location map+ | Indonesia

| width = 1100

| float = center

| caption = Airbase type: 10px Type A airbase 10px Type B airbase 10px Type C airbase

| relief = 1

| places =

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Halim Perdanakusuma}} |lat= -6.266389 |long= 106.891111 |position=top |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Atang Senjaya}} |lat= -6.538889 |long= 106.755278 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Roesmin Nurjadin}} |lat= 0.460833 |long= 101.444444 |position=bottom |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Supadio}} |lat= -0.150556 |long= 109.403889 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Suryadarma}} |lat= -6.531389 |long= 107.659167 |position=top |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Raden Sadjad}} |lat= 3.908714 |long= 108.387897 |position=top |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Husein Sastranegara}} |lat= -6.900556 |long= 107.576389 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Sultan Iskandar Muda}} |lat= 5.523333 |long= 95.420278 |position=right |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Soewondo}} |lat= 3.558056 |long= 98.671667 |position=right |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Sutan Sjahrir}} |lat= -0.8807 |long= 100.3539 |position=left |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Sri Mulyono Herlambang}} |lat= -2.900278 |long= 104.7 |position=bottom |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Maimun Saleh}} |lat= 5.874722 |long= 95.34 |position=right |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Raja Haji Fisabilillah}} |lat= 0.9225 |long= 104.532222 |position=right |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Hang Nadim}} |lat= 1.120833 |long= 104.118611 |position=top |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Prince M. Bunyamin}} |lat= -4.616667 |long= 105.233333 |position=left |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|H.A.S. Hanandjoeddin}} |lat= -2.745556 |long= 107.754722 |position=top |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Wiriadinata}} |lat= -7.346603 |long= 108.246092 |position=bottom |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Sugiri Sukani}} |lat= -6.6820224 |long= 108.2534898 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Harry Hadisoemantri}} |lat= 1.087954 |long= 109.6915193 |position=bottom |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Abdul Rachman Saleh}} |lat= -7.928333 |long= 112.713333 |position=right |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Iswahjudi}} |lat= -7.615767 |long= 111.434117 |position=bottom |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Hasanuddin}} |lat= -5.061667 |long= 119.554167 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background=white |label= {{nowrap|El Tari}} |lat= -10.171389 |long= 123.671111 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white|label= {{nowrap|Sam Ratulangi}} |lat= 1.549167 |long= 124.926389 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Sudirman}} |lat= -7.461667 |long= 109.416667 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Muljono}} |lat= -7.379722 |long= 112.786944 |position=top |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white |label= {{nowrap|Dhomber}} |lat= -1.268333 |long= 116.894444 |position=right |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|I Gusti Ngurah Rai}} |lat= -8.748056 |long= 115.1675 |position=bottom |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Zainuddin Abdul Madjid}} |lat= -8.758056 |long= 116.276389 |position=right |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white |label= {{nowrap|Anang Busra}} |lat= 3.326667 |long= 117.565556 |position=right |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Syamsudin Noor}} |lat= -3.442222 |long= 114.7625 |position=bottom |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Iskandar}} |lat= -2.705 |long= 111.673056 |position=top |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white |label= {{nowrap|Haluoleo}} |lat= -4.081608 |long= 122.418231 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white |label= {{nowrap|Manuhua}} |lat= -1.19 |long= 136.1075 |position=right |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Silas Papare}} |lat= -2.576944 |long= 140.516111 |position=left |mark=Red pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Johannes Abraham Dimara}} |lat= -8.520278 |long= 140.418333 |position=left |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white |label= {{nowrap|Pattimura}} |lat= -3.710264 |long= 128.089136 |position=bottom |mark=Orange pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= white |label= {{nowrap|Leo Wattimena}} |lat= 2.046044 |long= 128.3248 |position=right |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Dominicus Dumatubun}} |lat= -5.661389 |long= 132.731389 |position=bottom |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Yohanis Kapiyau}} |lat= -4.5291 |long= 136.8866 |position=bottom |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

{{Location map~ | Indonesia | background= |label= {{nowrap|Ignatius Dewanto}} |lat= -7.849529 |long= 131.333998 |position=bottom |mark=Lightgreen pog.svg |marksize = 7}}

}}

File:Paskhas Commandos.jpg]]

File:Latihan Armorred Personnel Carrier (APC) Batalyon Komando 461 Paskhas 1296 2.jpg]]

{{main|2003 Bawean Incident}}

File:An Indonesian F-16 jet fighter flying over a Chinese Navy Type 903 replenishment ship off the coast of Natuna Islands 2020.jpg F-16 Fighting Falcon over a Chinese Navy Type 903 off the coast of Natuna Islands, Riau Islands, similar to the one in the Bawean Incident.]]

In July 2003, Kohanudnas detected unauthorized military aircraft flying over Bawean Island off the eastern coast of Java for more than two hours, and ordered the Indonesian Air Force to scrambled two fully armed F-16s Block 15 OCU from the 3rd Air Squadron to intercept the unauthorized aircraft, which were five US Navy F/A-18 Hornets. The incident ended peacefully through a Friend or Foe hand signal. A US spokesman said that the naval aircraft had sought permission to enter Indonesian airspace while escorting a US aircraft carrier, but that the request arrived too late at the Kohanudnas headquarters in Jakarta due to red tape.{{cite web|url=http://www.f-16.net/news_article784.html |title=Indonesia scrambles F-16s to intercept US planes |publisher=F-16.net |date=4 July 2003 |accessdate=25 November 2011}}

Pakistan International Airlines's Boeing 737-300 was detected entering Indonesian airspace without diplomatic clearance on 7 March 2011. Kohanudnas then ordered the Air Force to scramble a pair of Sukhoi to intercept and force the aircraft to land at Hasanuddin airport.{{cite web|url=https://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2011/03/07/18311297/pesawat.pakistan.disergap.2.sukhoi.tni |title=Pesawat Pakistan Disergap 2 Sukhoi TNI

|publisher=kompas.com |date=7 March 2011 |accessdate=14 March 2018}}

On 29 November 2011, Syamsudin Noor Airport's radar detected Dassault Falcon 900 EX that carried Papua New Guinean Deputy Prime Minister H.O.N. Belden Namah entering Indonesian airspace, then the airport's ATC and Kohanudnas tries to contact the aircraft as it is an unscheduled flight, but no response. As Kohanudnas also didn't authorize aircraft flight clearance, they decide to scramble two Sukhoi fighter to intercept and shadowing the Falcon near Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, for about 37 minutes. It was found that Falcon was applied for flight clearance shortly before take-off and the clearance was not granted yet during the incident. The minister of foreign affairs of Indonesia said that Kohanudnas was conducting an electronic identification with radar and a visual identification by intercepting (the aircraft) according to standard procedures, and no harm occurred.{{cite web|url=https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2012/01/09/055376173/Two-Sukhois-Tail-Papua-New-Guinean-Official-Jets |title=Two Sukhois Tail Papua New Guinean Official Jets |publisher=tempo.co |date=9 January 2012 |accessdate=14 March 2018}}

File:Logo of KOHANUDNAS.png|Insignia of Kohanudnas (National Air Defense Command) (xxxx-January 2022)

• Indonesian National Armed Forces
• Indonesian Air Force

{{Reflist}}

• [http://www.kohanudnas.mil.id Official webpage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140516184645/http://kohanudnas.mil.id/ |date=2014-05-16 }}

{{Military of Indonesia}}

Category:Air force units and formations of Indonesia

Category:Air force commands

Category:Military units and formations established in 1962