National Standards of the People's Republic of China

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The National Standards of the People's Republic of China ({{zh|c=中华人民共和国国家标准|p=Zhōnghuá rénmín gònghéguó guójiā biāozhǔn}}),{{Cite web|title=The National Standards of the People's Republic of China: Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water|url=https://english.mee.gov.cn/SOE/soechina1997/water/standard.htm|url-status=live|website=Ministry of Ecology and Environment|access-date=2022-01-09|archive-date=2021-11-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110085404/http://english.mee.gov.cn/SOE/soechina1997/water/standard.htm}}{{Cite web|title=中华人民共和国国家标准公告2011年第12号|url=http://www.nea.gov.cn/2011-10/13/c_131189536.htm|url-status=live|website=National Energy Administration of China|access-date=2022-01-09|archive-date=2022-01-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220109220607/http://www.nea.gov.cn/2011-10/13/c_131189536.htm}} coded as {{Abbr|GB|Guobiao, 国标 (guóbiāo), "national standards" in Chinese}}, are the standards issued by the Standardization Administration of China under the authorization of Article 10 of the Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China.{{Cite web |title=中华人民共和国标准化法_中国人大网 |url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/npc/xinwen/2017-11/04/content_2031446.htm |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=npc.gov.cn |archive-date=2022-01-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220121225156/http://www.npc.gov.cn/zgrdw/npc/xinwen/2017-11/04/content_2031446.htm |url-status=live }}{{Cite web |title=机构职责 |url=http://www.sac.gov.cn/zzjg/jgzz/ |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=sac.gov.cn |archive-date=2022-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220603083223/http://www.sac.gov.cn/zzjg/jgzz/ |url-status=live }}

According to Article 2 of the Standardization Law, national standards are divided into mandatory national standards and recommended national standards. Mandatory national standards are prefixed "GB". Recommended national standards are prefixed "{{Abbr|GB/T|"T" for "Recommended" (推荐) in Chinese}}". Guidance technical documents are prefixed with "GB/Z", but are not legally part of the national standard system.{{Cite web |title=国家标准全文公开 |url=https://openstd.samr.gov.cn/bzgk/gb/ |access-date=2022-09-30 |website=openstd.samr.gov.cn |archive-date=2022-09-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220901043523/https://openstd.samr.gov.cn/bzgk/gb/ |url-status=live |quote=食品安全、环境保护、工程建设方面的国家标准未纳入本系统，请咨询相关部委。}}

Mandatory national standards are the basis for the product testing which products must undergo during the China Compulsory Certificate (CCC or 3C) certification. If there is no corresponding mandatory national standard, CCC is not required.

Nomenclature

A Chinese standard code has three parts: the prefix, the sequential number, and the year number. For example, GB 2312-1980 refers to the national compulsory standard (GB), sequential number 2312, revision year 1980.{{cite web |title=一分钟了解国家标准、行业标准、地方标准、团体标准和企业标准_重庆市市场监督管理局 |url=http://scjgj.cq.gov.cn/zz/jlpq/zwxx_146775/bmdt_146776/202310/t20231009_12411449.html |website=九龙坡区市场监管局 |access-date=21 October 2023 |quote=由国家标准代号(GB)、顺序号和年代号构成 [... consists of GB prefix, sequential number, and year number]}}

Besides the national standard repository, China allows the registration of standards by industry/trade, by localities (DB, Dìfāng Biāozhǔn, "local standard"), by associations (T), or by an individual company (Q). The overall prefix number-year format is retained.

Copyright and availability

Under the first clause of Article 5 of the Copyright Law of the People's Republic of China, compulsory standards are not copyrightable as they fall under "other documents of a legislative, administrative or judicial nature". In 1999, the Supreme People's Court ruled that although compulsory standards do not enjoy copyright protections, publishing houses can be given exclusive, sui generis rights to publish a compulsory standard.{{cite web |author1=中国知识产权报 |title=标准图书，版权保护的标准是什么？-- |url=http://ip.people.com.cn/n1/2018/1123/c179663-30417869.html |website=知识产权--人民网 (ip.people.com.cn) |date=November 23, 2018}}

The Standardization Administration operates a website for obtaining digital copies of the standards (excluding those dealing with food safety, environment protection, and civil engineering). The availability is broken down as follows (as of October 2023):

Out of 2029 included GB standards, 1464 may be read online or downloaded as a PDF file. The remaining 565 Cǎibiāo ({{lang|zh|采标}}, adopted international standards) may only be read online.
Out of 41664 included GB/T standards, 27154 may be read online. The remaining 4513 Cǎibiāo are only indexed by title.
Out of 573 included GB/Z documents, 261 may be read online. The remaining 312 Cǎibiāo are only indexed by title.

Copies of standards (written in simplified Chinese) may be obtained from the SPC web store.{{cite web |url=http://webstore.spc.net.cn/default.asp |title=SPC Web Store |publisher=SPC |access-date=12 August 2022 |archive-date=26 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220326021159/http://webstore.spc.net.cn/default.asp |url-status=live }}

List

A non-exhaustive list of National Standards of the People's Republic of China is listed as follows, accompanied with similar international standards of ISO, marked as identical (IDT), equivalent (EQV), or non-equivalent (NEQ).

class="wikitable" !colspan=3\| Mandatory standards
Number ! Equivalent to ! Title
GB 2099.1‐2008 \| \| AC power mains plugs and sockets
GB 1002‐2008 \| \| Safety Technical Code for Infants and Children Textile Products
GB 2312-1980 \| \| Code of Chinese graphic character set for information interchange, primary set; see also GBK, a common extension of GB 2312
GB 3100-1993 \| EQV ISO 1000:1992 \| SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units
GB 3101-1993 \| EQV ISO 31-0:1992 \| General principles concerning quantities, units and symbols
GB 3259-1992 \| \| Transliterating rules of Chinese phonetic alphabet on titles for books and periodicals in Chinese
GB 3304-1991 \| \| Names of nationalities of China in romanization with codes
GB 5768-2009 \| \| Road traffic signs and markings
GB 6513-1986 \| \| Character set for bibliographic information interchange on mathematical coding of characters
GB 7714-1987 \| \| Descriptive rules for bibliographic references
GB 8045-1987 \| \| Mongolian 7-bit and 8-bit coded graphic character sets for information processing interchange
GB 12050-1989 \| \| Information processing – Uighur coded graphic character sets for information interchange
GB 12052-1989 \| \| Korean character coded character sets for information interchange
GB 12200.1-1990 \| \| Chinese information processing – Vocabulary – Part 1: Fundamental terms
GB 13000-2010 \| IDT ISO/IEC 10646:2003 \| Information technology – Universal multiple-octet coded character set (UCS)
GB 14887-2003 \| \| Road traffic signals
GB 18030-2005 \| \| Information technology – Chinese ideograms coded character set for information interchange – Extension for the basic set
GB 31701-2015 \| \|Safety Technical Code for Infants and Children Textile Products{{cite web \|url=http://webstore.spc.net.cn/produce/showonebook.asp?strid=93077 \|title=婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范 \|trans-title=Safety Technical Code for Infants and Children Textile Products \|language=zh \|publisher=中国质量标准出版传媒有限公司 [China Quality Standard Publishing & Media Co., Ltd.] \|access-date=12 August 2022 \|archive-date=12 August 2022 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812164300/http://webstore.spc.net.cn/produce/showonebook.asp?strid=93077 \|url-status=live }}
GB 500011-2001{{cite web \| author = XU, Zhengzhong; WANG, Yayong et al. ({{lang\|zh\|徐正忠、王亚勇等}}) \| url = http://www.morgain.com/Help/GB50011-2001/ \| trans-title = Code for seismic design of buildings (GB 500011-2001) \| script-title = zh:《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB 500011－2001） \| publisher = Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC (MOHURD, {{lang\|zh\|中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部}}) \| year = 2001 \| access-date = 2008-09-29 \| language = zh \| archive-date = 2019-01-07 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190107054108/http://www.morgain.com/Help/GB50011-2001/%0A \| url-status = live }} The article was partially revised in 2008. \| \| Civil engineering – Code for seismic design of buildings
GB 50223-2008{{cite web \| url = http://www.cin.gov.cn/gsgg/gg/jsbgg/200808/P020080804625275781887.doc \| format = MS Word \| trans-title = Standard for classification of seismic protection of building constructions \| script-title = zh:建筑工程抗震设防分类标准 \| publisher = General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine (AQSIQ) and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (MOHURD) of PRC. \| author = WANG, Yayong; DAI, Guoying ({{lang\|zh\|王亚勇戴国莹}}) \| date = 2008-07-30 \| access-date = 2008-09-30 \| language = zh \| display-authors = etal \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090327094930/http://www.cin.gov.cn/gsgg/gg/jsbgg/200808/P020080804625275781887.doc \| archive-date = 2009-03-27 \| url-status = dead }} \| \| Civil engineering – Standard for classification of seismic protection of building constructions
colspan=3\| Recommended standards
Number ! Equivalent to ! Title
GB/T 148-1997 \| NEQ ISO 216:1975 \| Writing paper and certain classes of printed matter – Trimmed sizes-A and B series
GB/T 1988-1998 \| EQV ISO/IEC 646:1991 \| Information technology – 7-bit coded character set for information interchange
GB/T 2311-2000 \| IDT ISO/IEC 2022:1994 \| Information technology – Character code structure and extension techniques
GB/T 2260-2007 \| \| Codes for the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China
GB/T 2261-1980 \| None but similar to ISO 5218 \| Codes for sexual distinction of human beings
GB/T 2659-2000 \| EQV ISO 3166-1:1997 \| Codes for the representation of names of countries and regions
GB/T 4880-1991 \| EQV ISO 639:1988 \| Codes for the representation of names of languages
GB/T 4880.2-2000 \| EQV ISO 639-2:1998 \| Codes for the representation of names of languages – Part 2: Alpha-3 code
GB/T 4881-1985 \| \| Code of Chinese languages
GB/T 5795-2002 \| EQV ISO 2108:1992 \| China standard book numbering
GB/T 7408-1994 \| EQV ISO 8601:1988 \| Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times
GB/T 7589-1987 \| \| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – 2nd supplementary set
GB/T 7590-1987 \| \| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – 4th supplementary set
GB/T 12200.2-1994 \| \| Chinese information processing – Vocabulary – Part 2: Chinese and Chinese character
GB/T 12345-1990 \| \| Code of Chinese graphic character set for information interchange, supplementary set
GB/T 12406-1996 \| IDT ISO 4217:1990 \| Codes for the representation of currencies and funds
GB/T 13131-1991 \| \| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – The 3rd supplementary set
GB/T 13132-1991 \| \| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – The 5th supplementary set
GB/T 13134-1991 \| \| Yi coded character set for information interchange
GB/T 15273 \| IDT ISO/IEC 8859 \| Information processing – 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets
GB/T 15834-2011 \| \| Use of punctuation marks
GB/T 15835-1995 \| \| General rules for writing numerals in publications
GB/T 16159-2012 \| \| Basic rules for Hanyu Pinyin Orthography
GB/T 16831-1997 \| IDT ISO 6709:1983 \| Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locations
GB/T 17742-1999 \| \| China seismic intensity scale, or liedu
GB/T 18487-2015 \| EQV IEC 61851 \| Conducting charging systems for electric vehicles: {{flatlist\| 18487.1 – General requirements 18487.2 – Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for off-board electric vehicle supply equipment 18487.3 – Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for on-board electric vehicle supply equipment}}
GB/T 19000-2000 \| IDT ISO 9000:2000 \| Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary
GB/T 20234-2015 \| EQV IEC 62196 & SAE J1772 \| Connecting devices for conductive charging of electric vehicles: {{flatlist\| 20234.1 – General requirements 20234.2 – AC charging interface (using Type 2 connector) 20234.3 – DC charging interface}}
GB/T 20542-2006 \| \| Tibetan Coded Character Set Extension A
GB/T 24001-1996 \| IDT ISO 14001:1996 \| Environmental management systems – Specification with guidance for use
{{nowrap\|GB/T 22238-2008}} \| \| Tibetan Coded Character Set Extension B
GB/T 27930-2015 \| EQV ISO 15118 & SAE J1772, based on SAE J1939 for CAN bus \| Communication protocol between off-board conductive charger and battery management system for electric vehicles
GB/T 28039-2011 \| \|The Chinese phonetic alphabet spelling rules for Chinese names
GB/T 32960-2016 \| \| Technical Specification of Remote Service and Management System for Electric Vehicles
GB/T 33661-2017 \| \| Calculation and promulgation of the Chinese calendar
GB/T 37752 serie-2019 \|EQV ISO 13577 serie \|Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment Parts 1 to 4
GB/T 38146.1-2019 \| \|China automotive test cycle – Part 1: Light-duty vehicles

class="wikitable"

!colspan=3| Mandatory standards

Number

! Equivalent to

! Title

GB 2099.1‐2008

| AC power mains plugs and sockets

GB 1002‐2008

| Safety Technical Code for Infants and Children Textile Products

GB 2312-1980

| Code of Chinese graphic character set for information interchange, primary set; see also GBK, a common extension of GB 2312

GB 3100-1993

| EQV ISO 1000:1992

| SI units and recommendations for the use of their multiples and of certain other units

GB 3101-1993

| EQV ISO 31-0:1992

| General principles concerning quantities, units and symbols

GB 3259-1992

| Transliterating rules of Chinese phonetic alphabet on titles for books and periodicals in Chinese

GB 3304-1991

| Names of nationalities of China in romanization with codes

GB 5768-2009

| Road traffic signs and markings

GB 6513-1986

| Character set for bibliographic information interchange on mathematical coding of characters

GB 7714-1987

| Descriptive rules for bibliographic references

GB 8045-1987

| Mongolian 7-bit and 8-bit coded graphic character sets for information processing interchange

GB 12050-1989

| Information processing – Uighur coded graphic character sets for information interchange

GB 12052-1989

| Korean character coded character sets for information interchange

GB 12200.1-1990

| Chinese information processing – Vocabulary – Part 1: Fundamental terms

GB 13000-2010

| IDT ISO/IEC 10646:2003

| Information technology – Universal multiple-octet coded character set (UCS)

GB 14887-2003

| Road traffic signals

GB 18030-2005

| Information technology – Chinese ideograms coded character set for information interchange – Extension for the basic set

GB 31701-2015

|Safety Technical Code for Infants and Children Textile Products{{cite web |url=http://webstore.spc.net.cn/produce/showonebook.asp?strid=93077 |title=婴幼儿及儿童纺织产品安全技术规范 |trans-title=Safety Technical Code for Infants and Children Textile Products |language=zh |publisher=中国质量标准出版传媒有限公司 [China Quality Standard Publishing & Media Co., Ltd.] |access-date=12 August 2022 |archive-date=12 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220812164300/http://webstore.spc.net.cn/produce/showonebook.asp?strid=93077 |url-status=live }}

GB 500011-2001{{cite web

| author = XU, Zhengzhong; WANG, Yayong et al. ({{lang|zh|徐正忠、王亚勇等}})

| url = http://www.morgain.com/Help/GB50011-2001/

| trans-title = Code for seismic design of buildings (GB 500011-2001)

| script-title = zh:《建筑抗震设计规范》（GB 500011－2001）

| publisher = Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of PRC (MOHURD, {{lang|zh|中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部}})

| year = 2001

| access-date = 2008-09-29

| language = zh

| archive-date = 2019-01-07

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190107054108/http://www.morgain.com/Help/GB50011-2001/%0A

| url-status = live

}} The article was partially revised in 2008.

| Civil engineering – Code for seismic design of buildings

GB 50223-2008{{cite web

| url = http://www.cin.gov.cn/gsgg/gg/jsbgg/200808/P020080804625275781887.doc

| format = MS Word

| trans-title = Standard for classification of seismic protection of building constructions

| script-title = zh:建筑工程抗震设防分类标准

| publisher = General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection, and Quarantine (AQSIQ) and Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development (MOHURD) of PRC.

| author = WANG, Yayong; DAI, Guoying ({{lang|zh|王亚勇戴国莹}})

| date = 2008-07-30

| access-date = 2008-09-30

| language = zh

| display-authors = etal

| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090327094930/http://www.cin.gov.cn/gsgg/gg/jsbgg/200808/P020080804625275781887.doc

| archive-date = 2009-03-27

| url-status = dead

}}

| Civil engineering – Standard for classification of seismic protection of building constructions

colspan=3| Recommended standards

Number

! Equivalent to

! Title

GB/T 148-1997

| NEQ ISO 216:1975

| Writing paper and certain classes of printed matter – Trimmed sizes-A and B series

GB/T 1988-1998

| EQV ISO/IEC 646:1991

| Information technology – 7-bit coded character set for information interchange

GB/T 2311-2000

| IDT ISO/IEC 2022:1994

| Information technology – Character code structure and extension techniques

GB/T 2260-2007

| Codes for the administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China

GB/T 2261-1980

| None but similar to ISO 5218

| Codes for sexual distinction of human beings

GB/T 2659-2000

| EQV ISO 3166-1:1997

| Codes for the representation of names of countries and regions

GB/T 4880-1991

| EQV ISO 639:1988

| Codes for the representation of names of languages

GB/T 4880.2-2000

| EQV ISO 639-2:1998

| Codes for the representation of names of languages – Part 2: Alpha-3 code

GB/T 4881-1985

| Code of Chinese languages

GB/T 5795-2002

| EQV ISO 2108:1992

| China standard book numbering

GB/T 7408-1994

| EQV ISO 8601:1988

| Data elements and interchange formats – Information interchange – Representation of dates and times

GB/T 7589-1987

| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – 2nd supplementary set

GB/T 7590-1987

| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – 4th supplementary set

GB/T 12200.2-1994

| Chinese information processing – Vocabulary – Part 2: Chinese and Chinese character

GB/T 12345-1990

| Code of Chinese graphic character set for information interchange, supplementary set

GB/T 12406-1996

| IDT ISO 4217:1990

| Codes for the representation of currencies and funds

GB/T 13131-1991

| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – The 3rd supplementary set

GB/T 13132-1991

| Code of Chinese ideogram set for information interchange – The 5th supplementary set

GB/T 13134-1991

| Yi coded character set for information interchange

GB/T 15273

| IDT ISO/IEC 8859

| Information processing – 8-bit single-byte coded graphic character sets

GB/T 15834-2011

| Use of punctuation marks

GB/T 15835-1995

| General rules for writing numerals in publications

GB/T 16159-2012

| Basic rules for Hanyu Pinyin Orthography

GB/T 16831-1997

| IDT ISO 6709:1983

| Standard representation of latitude, longitude and altitude for geographic point locations

GB/T 17742-1999

| China seismic intensity scale, or liedu

GB/T 18487-2015

| EQV IEC 61851

| Conducting charging systems for electric vehicles: {{flatlist|

18487.1 – General requirements
18487.2 – Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for off-board electric vehicle supply equipment
18487.3 – Electromagnetic compatibility requirements for on-board electric vehicle supply equipment}}

GB/T 19000-2000

| IDT ISO 9000:2000

| Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary

GB/T 20234-2015

| EQV IEC 62196 & SAE J1772

| Connecting devices for conductive charging of electric vehicles: {{flatlist|

20234.1 – General requirements
20234.2 – AC charging interface (using Type 2 connector)
20234.3 – DC charging interface}}

GB/T 20542-2006

| Tibetan Coded Character Set Extension A

GB/T 24001-1996

| IDT ISO 14001:1996

| Environmental management systems – Specification with guidance for use

| Tibetan Coded Character Set Extension B

GB/T 27930-2015

| EQV ISO 15118 & SAE J1772, based on SAE J1939 for CAN bus

| Communication protocol between off-board conductive charger and battery management system for electric vehicles

GB/T 28039-2011

|The Chinese phonetic alphabet spelling rules for Chinese names

GB/T 32960-2016

| Technical Specification of Remote Service and Management System for Electric Vehicles

GB/T 33661-2017

| Calculation and promulgation of the Chinese calendar

GB/T 37752 serie-2019

|EQV ISO 13577 serie

|Industrial furnaces and associated processing equipment Parts 1 to 4

GB/T 38146.1-2019

|China automotive test cycle – Part 1: Light-duty vehicles

Changes are made frequently within the Chinese regulatory system as new standards are released and existing standards are updated.

References

External links

{{Citation | url = http://www.sac.gov.cn/ | title = Standardization Administration | place = China | language = zh, en | publisher = Government}}
{{cite web | title=Impartiality Statement | url=http://www.cqc.com.cn/english/aboutcqc/Statement/A022904index_1.htm | publisher=China Quality Certification Centre | access-date=8 July 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130325110633/http://www.cqc.com.cn/english/aboutcqc/Statement/A022904index_1.htm | archive-date=25 March 2013 }}
{{cite web | title=CNCA Administration | url=http://www.cnca.gov.cn/cnca/zwxx/rjwjj/default.shtml | publisher=CNCA | access-date=8 July 2013 | language = zh | date=2006-09-03}}
{{Citation | url = https://www.china-certification.com/en/gb-standards/ | title = GB Standards in the automotive area | publisher = MPR}}

Category:Certification marks

Category:Product certification