New IP
New IP refers to a set of proposals for a novel framework for a future Internet Protocol{{Cite web|first1=Carolina|last1=Caeiro|first2=Mark|last2=McFadden|first3=Emily|last3=Taylor|title=Standards: the new frontier for the free and open Internet|publisher=DNS Research Federation|date=2022-09-06|url=https://dnsrf.org/.k-media/d3c1d810de1e98bdf7af7aa52406e837.pdf}} backed by Huawei and its subsidiary Futurewei which have notably been introduced to the ITU and the IETF and presented at various IEEE conferences {{Citation |date=2020|first1=Zhe|last1=Chen|first2=Chuang|last2=Wang|first3=Guanwen|last3=Li|first4=Zhe|last4=Lou|first5=Sheng|last5=Jiang|first6=Alex|last6=Galis|contribution=NEW IP Framework and Protocol for Future Applications|title=NOMS 2020 - 2020 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium|pages=1–5 |doi=10.1109/NOMS47738.2020.9110352|isbn=978-1-7281-4973-8 |s2cid=219592323 |url=https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10109959/ }}{{Citation |date=2020|first1=Richard|last1=Li|first2=Kiran|last2=Makhijani|first3=Lijun|last3=Dong|contribution=New IP: A Data Packet Framework to Evolve the Internet : Invited Paper|title=2020 IEEE 21st International Conference on High Performance Switching and Routing (HPSR)|pages=1–8 |doi=10.1109/HPSR48589.2020.9098996|isbn=978-1-7281-4846-5 |s2cid=218893504 }} between 2018 and 2020.
The proposals have received severe criticism, being labeled as "dystopian" {{Cite web|title=China's Dystopian "New IP" Plan Shows Need for Renewed US Commitment to Internet Governance|website=www.justsecurity.org|date=13 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017153558/https://www.justsecurity.org/75741/chinas-dystopian-new-ip-plan-shows-need-for-renewed-us-commitment-to-internet-governance/|url=https://www.justsecurity.org/75741/chinas-dystopian-new-ip-plan-shows-need-for-renewed-us-commitment-to-internet-governance/|archive-date=2022-10-17}} and "authoritarian" {{Cite news|last1=Gross|first1=Anna|last2=Murgia|first2=Madhumita| title=China and Huawei propose reinvention of the internet|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221017200751/https://www.ft.com/content/c78be2cf-a1a1-40b1-8ab7-904d7095e0f2|url=https://www.ft.com/content/c78be2cf-a1a1-40b1-8ab7-904d7095e0f2|archive-date=2022-10-17|newspaper=Financial Times|date=27 March 2020 |language=en}} by the international press while the ICANN noted that, if implemented, they could "make pervasive monitoring much easier".{{Cite web|title=New IP|author=ICANN Office of the Chief Technology Officer|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013194502/https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/octo-017-27oct20-en.pdf|url=https://www.icann.org/en/system/files/files/octo-017-27oct20-en.pdf|archive-date=2022-10-13}}
Huawei subsequently responded to these criticisms in an online article.{{Cite web |title=A Brief Introduction about New IP Research Initiative |url=https://www.huawei.com/en/technology-insights/industry-insights/innovation/new-ip |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210915012736/https://www.huawei.com/en/technology-insights/industry-insights/innovation/new-ip |archive-date=2021-09-15 |website=www.huawei.com}}
A research paper published by University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School{{Cite journal |last=Mueller |first=Alex |date=2023 |title=Crouching Tiger, Hidden Agenda?: The Emergence of China in the Global Internet Standard-Setting Arena |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4528546 |journal=U of Penn, Inst for Law & Econ Research Paper No. 23-33 |pages=71 |doi=10.2139/ssrn.4528546 |via=SSRN|url-access=subscription }} concluded that the New IP proposal "was not necessarily a trojan horse intended to expand state control of the Internet or embed authoritarianism into its architecture". It explains this position by stating that "China has spent the last decade heavily investing in and promoting innovation into the exact type of future network capabilities proposed by New IP in order to support its long-term industrial policy objectives. Likely recognizing that such capabilities· strongly aligned with its business interests—particularly the capabilities· demanded by future business-critical industrial use cases like deterministic QoS—Huawei simply seized the opportunity being dangled in front of it".
There have further been arguments that later proposals including Future IP Evolution and Future Vertical Communication Networks were simply a rebranding of the New IP proposals.{{rp|11}}{{rp|17–18}}
Researchers from the SCION project{{Cite web |last=Gloor |first=Christelle |date=25 May 2020 |title=Huawei proposes a 'New IP', but it is already here! |url=https://scion-architecture.net/newsletter/huawei.pdf }} asserted that "bashing [New IP] without closer inspection does not do it justice," and that "Huawei identifies several valid problems of today’s Internet and tries to propose solutions for some of them" with the intent to "spur worldwide research in this field."