New Revolutionary Alternative

During the late 1990s, several bombing attacks were carried out against the Federal Security Service (FSB) by far-left activists of the Russian Communist Workers Party (RCWP), who had become disillusioned with the post-Soviet government of Russia.{{Sfn|Saradzhyan|Abdullaev|2005|p=123}} In 1998, RCWP member Alexander Biryukov carried out a bombing attack against the FSB.{{Sfn|Saradzhyan|Abdullaev|2005|p=123n42}} In April 1999, four women affiliated with the RCWP carried out a bombing of the Lubyanka Building, the headquarters of the FSB in Moscow.{{Sfn|Saradzhyan|Abdullaev|2005|p=123}} The latter bombing was allegedly carried out in protest against the carpet bombing of Grozny during the Second Chechen War.{{Sfn|Aizman|2024|p=71}} Following these attacks, the FSB announced the existence of a new far-left terrorist organisation, the "New Revolutionary Alternative", which the FSB held responsible for the bombings.{{Sfn|Saradzhyan|Abdullaev|2005|p=123n42}} In 2001, it was reported that NRA had also set off bombs in Moscow military offices (Ostankino in 1996 and Cheryomushkinsky in 1997).{{Cite web|url=https://www.newsru.com/russia/22aug2001/raks.html|title=Террористка из "Новой революционной альтернативы" останется под стражей|trans-title=The New Revolutionary Alternative terrorist will remain in custody|date=2001-08-22|website=NEWSru|language=ru}}

In 2003, Nadezhda Raks, Olga Nevskaya, Larisa Romanova, and Tatiana Nekhorosheva-Sokolova were found guilty of the bombings.{{Cite web|url=https://lenta.ru/terror/2003/05/14/revoluti/|title=Суд отправил в тюрьму активисток "Новой революционной альтернативы"|trans-title=The court sent the activists of the New Revolutionary Alternative to prison|date=2003-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311062413/https://lenta.ru/terror/2003/05/14/revoluti/|archive-date=2016-03-11|website=Lenta.ru|language=ru}} Romanova's sentence was later commuted.{{Cite web|url=https://lenta.ru/terror/2003/12/04/fsb/|title=Верховный суд смягчил наказание террористке, взорвавшей приемную ФСБ|trans-title=Supreme Court commutes punishment for terrorist who blew up FSB reception centre|date=2003-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160314081213/https://lenta.ru/terror/2003/12/04/fsb/|archive-date=2016-03-14|website=Lenta.ru|language=ru}} Alexander Biryukov was declared incompetent to stand trial and was sent to a psychiatric hospital.{{Cite web|url=https://lenta.ru/russia/2001/07/13/biryukov/|title=Верховный суд решил лечить революционного террориста|trans-title=The Supreme Court has decided to treat a revolutionary terrorist|date=2001-07-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160408195130/https://lenta.ru/russia/2001/07/13/biryukov/|archive-date=2016-04-08|language=ru|website=Lenta.ru}}

The New Revolutionary Alternative has since become associated with anarchism and has been listed alongside other anarchist terrorist groups of the late 20th century, such as the German 2 June Movement and the Italian {{ill|Revolutionary Proletarian Initiative Nuclei|it|Nuclei Iniziativa Proletaria Rivoluzionaria}}.{{Sfn|Hellmuth|2018|p=159}} The Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists (BOAK) has cited the NRA as an inspiration for its attacks against Russian rail infrastructure following the Russian invasion of Ukraine.{{Sfn|Aizman|2024|p=71}}

• Anarchism in Russia
• Black Guards
• Chernoe Znamia
• Narodnaya Volya

{{Reflist}}

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• {{Cite web|url=https://military.pravda.ru/fsb/26-01-2005/50147-radikal-0/|title = Басаев ни причем: банк Москвы взорвали левые радикалы|trans-title=Basayev had nothing to do with it: left-wing radicals blew up the Bank of Moscow|date=2005-01-26|website=Pravda.ru|language=ru}}
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{{refend}}

Category:Anarchist militant groups

Category:Anarchist organizations in Russia

Category:Insurrectionary anarchism

Category:Left-wing militant groups in Russia

Category:Opposition to Boris Yeltsin

Category:Terrorism in Russia