Newa (Unicode block)

{{Infobox Unicode block

|blockname = Newa

|rangestart = 11400

|rangeend = 1147F

|script1 = Newa

|alphabets =

|9_0 = 92

|11_0 = 1

|12_0 = 1

|13_0 = 3

|note = {{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/ucd/|title=Unicode character database|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=2023-07-26}}{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/versions/enumeratedversions.html|title=Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard|work=The Unicode Standard|accessdate=2023-07-26}}

}}

Newa is a Unicode block containing characters from the Newa alphabet, which is used to write Nepal Bhasa.

{{Unicode chart Newa}}

History

A Unicode character set was initially proposed in May 2011.{{cite web|url=http://std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n4038.pdf|title=N4038: Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Prachalit Nepal Script in ISO/IEC 10646|first = Anshuman|last = Pandey|date=2011-05-03|accessdate=2016-06-24}} A previous tentative mapping of the first SMP also included the script{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/roadmaps/smp/smp-5-1-5.html|title=Roadmap to the SMP, Revision 5.1.5|author1 = Michael Everson|author2 = Rick McGowan|author3 = Ken Whistler|date=2009-04-24|accessdate=2016-06-24}} and later versions include the proposal.{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/roadmaps/smp/smp-6-0-11.html|title=Roadmap to the SMP, Revision 6.0.11|author1 = Michael Everson|author2 = Rick McGowan|author3 = Ken Whistler|author4 = V.S. Umamaheswaran|date=2011-11-28|accessdate=2016-06-24}} A revised proposal{{cite web|url=http://std.dkuug.dk/jtc1/sc2/wg2/docs/n4184.pdf|title=N4184: Proposal to Encode the Newar Script in ISO/IEC 10646|first = Anshuman|last = Pandey|date=2012-02-29|accessdate=2016-06-24}} using the name "Newar" is reflected in the roadmap from 6.0.12.{{cite web|url=https://www.unicode.org/roadmaps/smp/smp-6-0-12.html|title=Roadmap to the SMP, Revision 6.0.12|author1 = Michael Everson|author2 = Rick McGowan|author3 = Ken Whistler|author4 = V.S. Umamaheswaran|date=2012-01-06|accessdate=2016-06-24}} This revised proposal was "to enable the broadest representation of the Newar script, from the historical forms of Old Newar manuscripts to the present style of 'Prachalit' known as 'Nepal Lipi'". An alternative proposal was produced by a group of Newars in Kathmandu led by Devdass Manandhar supported by the linguist Tej Ratna Kansakar, which differed in a number of ways from the Pandey proposals, the most significant being the inclusion of a number of breathy (nasalised) consonants which had historically been written with a grapheme that could be mistaken for a conjunct but written the wrong way round.{{cite web|url=http://std.dkuug.dk/JTC1/SC2/WG2/docs/n4322.pdf|title=N4322: Proposal for the Nepālalipi Script in the Universal Character Set for inclusion in the Unicode Standard|author1 = Dev Dass Manandhar|author2 = Samir Karmacharya|author3 = Bishnu Chitrakar|date=2012-02-05|accessdate=2016-06-24}}

The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Newa block:

{{sticky header}}

class="wikitable collapsible sticky-header"
Version{{nobr|Final code points}}CountL2 IDWG2 IDDocument
rowspan="25" | 9.0rowspan="25" | U+11400..11459, 1145B, 1145Drowspan="25" | 92{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09325-n3692-nepal-scripts.pdf L2/09-325]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n3692.pdf N3692]{{Citation|title=Roadmapping the scripts of Nepal|date=2009-09-28|first=Michael|last=Everson|author-link=Michael Everson|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2011/11152-prachalit-nepal.pdf L2/11-152]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4038.pdf N4038]{{Citation|title=Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Prachalit Nepal Script in ISO/IEC 10646|date=2011-05-05|first=Anshuman|last=Pandey|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12031-south-asian-rept.pdf L2/12-031]}}{{Citation|title=Review of Indic-related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC|date=2012-01-27|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Rick|last2=McGowan|first3=Ken|last3=Whistler|ref=none|section=VII. NEWAR}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12120-nepaalalipi.pdf L2/12-120]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4322.pdf N4322]{{Citation|title=Proposal for the Nepālalipi script in the UCS|date=2012-02-05|first1=Dev Dass|last1=Manandhar|first2=Samir|last2=Karmacharya|first3=Bishnu|last3=Chitrakar|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12003r-newar.pdf L2/12-003R]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4184.pdf N4184]{{Citation|title=Proposal to encode the Newar Script in ISO/IEC 10646|date=2012-02-29|first=Anshuman|last=Pandey|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12147-script-rept.pdf L2/12-147]}}{{Citation|title=Review of Indic-related L2 documents and Recommendations to the UTC|date=2012-04-25|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Rick|last2=McGowan|first3=Ken|last3=Whistler|ref=none|section=VI. "NEPĀLALIPI" / "NEWAR"}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12200r-rec-nepal.pdf L2/12-200R]}}{{Citation|title=On the encoding of the "Nepaalalipi" / "Newar" script|date=2012-06-04|first=Ken|last=Whistler|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12244-nepal-resp.pdf L2/12-244]}}{{Citation|title=Response to L2/12-200 "On the encoding of the 'Nepaalalipi' / 'Newar' script"|date=2012-07-21|first=Dev Dass|last=Manandhar|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12245-nepal-ancil.pdf L2/12-245]}}{{Citation|title=Ancillary materials on "breathy consonants" in "Nepaalalipi"|date=2012-07-21|first=Dev Dass|last=Manandhar|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12336-support-newar.pdf L2/12-336]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4372.pdf N4372]{{Citation|title=Letter in support of N4184 and encoding the Newar script in ISO/IEC 10646|date=2012-10-22|first=Iain|last=Sinclair|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12349-nepaal-lipi.pdf L2/12-349]}}{{Citation|title=Proposal for the Nepaalalipi script in the UCS|date=2012-10-29|first1=Dev Dass|last1=Manandhar|first2=Samir|last2=Karmacharya|first3=Bishnu|last3=Chitrakar|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12378-script-review.pdf L2/12-378]}}{{Citation|title=Review of Indic-related documents and Recommendations to the UTC|date=2012-11-05|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Rick|last2=McGowan|first3=Ken|last3=Whistler|ref=none|section=I. NEWAR/NEPAALALIPI}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12390-newar-nepaalalipi-cmp.pdf L2/12-390]}}{{Citation|title=Comparison between Newar and Nepaalalipi proposals (L2/12-003 and L2/12-349)|date=2012-11-08|first=Deborah|last=Anderson|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/consortium/utc-minutes/UTC-133-2012011.html L2/12-343R2]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #133 Minutes|date=2012-12-04|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=D.8}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2013/13029-nepal.pdf L2/13-029]}}{{Citation|title=To Unicode Technical Committee (UTC)|date=2013-01-28|first1=Dev Dass|last1=Manandhar|first2=Bishnu|last2=Chitrakar|first3=Samir|last3=Karmacharya|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14086-nepaalalipi.pdf L2/14-086]}}{{Citation|title=Proposal to Encode Nepaalalipi Script in ISO/IEC 10646|date=2014-04-10|first1=Dev Dass|last1=Manandhar|first2=Samir|last2=Karmacharya|first3=Bishnu|last3=Chitrakar|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14129-script-rec.pdf L2/14-129]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #139 May 2014 on Script Proposals|date=2014-05-02|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Rick|last3=McGowan|first4=Roozbeh|last4=Pournader|ref=none|section=1}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14220-newar-nepaalalipi-compare.pdf L2/14-220]}}{{Citation|title=Comparison between Newar and Nepaalalipi proposals (L2/12-003 and L2/14-086)|date=2014-09-23|first=Deborah|last=Anderson|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14253-rec.pdf L2/14-253]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC from Script Meeting in Nepal|date=2014-10-06|first=Deborah|last=Anderson|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14258-newar-rec-cmt.pdf L2/14-258]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4602.pdf N4602]{{Citation|title=Response to the Recommendation for Nepalese Scripts in L2/14-253|date=2014-10-22|first=Anshuman|last=Pandey|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14268r-script-rec.pdf L2/14-268R]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #141 October 2014 on Script Proposals|date=2014-10-27|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Rick|last3=McGowan|first4=Roozbeh|last4=Pournader|first5=Laurențiu|last5=Iancu|first6=Andrew|last6=Glass|first7=Peter|last7=Constable|first8=Michel|last8=Suignard|ref=none|section=5. Nepaalalipi/Newar}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14281-newa-atomic.txt L2/14-281]}}{{Citation|title=Rationale for Atomic Encoding of Murmured Resonants in Newa|date=2014-10-27|first=Ken|last=Whistler|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14290-newar-murmured.pdf L2/14-290]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4552.pdf N4552]{{Citation|title=Specimen Showing Representation of Murmured Consonants in the Newar Script|date=2014-10-28|first=Anshuman|last=Pandey|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14250.htm L2/14-250]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #141 Minutes|date=2014-11-10|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=Consensus 141-C23|quote=Accept 92 Newa characters at U+11400..U+1145D, omitting U+1145A and U+1145C, with block Newa U+11400..U+1147F and properties as given in L2/14-12-003, for encoding in Unicode 9.0. See L2/14-285.}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2014/14285r3-newa.pdf L2/14-285R3]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4660-NewaProposalCompleteRev2.pdf N4660]{{Citation|title=Towards a Consensus Encoding of Newa|date=2014-12-04|first=Ken|last=Whistler|ref=none}}
rowspan="6" | 11.0rowspan="6" | U+1145Erowspan="6" | 1{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2016/16383-newa-sandhi.pdf L2/16-383]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4816-newa-sandhi.pdf N4816]{{Citation|title=Proposal to encode the SANDHI MARK for Newa|date=2016-12-23|first1=Srinidhi|last1=A|first2=Sridatta|last2=A|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17037-script-ad-hoc.pdf L2/17-037]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #150 January 2017 on Script Proposals|date=2017-01-21|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Roozbeh|last3=Pournader|first4=Andrew|last4=Glass|first5=Laurențiu|last5=Iancu|first6=Lisa|last6=Moore|first7=Hai|last7=Liang|first8=Richard|last8=Ishida|first9=Karan|last9=Misra|first10=Rick|last10=McGowan|ref=none|section=9. Newa}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17016.htm L2/17-016]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #150 Minutes|date=2017-02-08|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=D.3.1}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17130-sandhi-mark-cmts.pdf L2/17-130]}}{{Citation|title=Comments on L2/16-322 and L2/16-383, Sandhi marks for Bengali and Newa|date=2017-04-19|first=Deborah|last=Anderson|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17153-script-ad-hoc-rec.pdf L2/17-153]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #151 May 2017 on Script Proposals|date=2017-05-17|first=Deborah|last=Anderson|ref=none|section=4. Bengali and Newa}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17103.htm L2/17-103]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #151 Minutes|date=2017-05-18|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=D.3 Sandhi Mark}}
rowspan="4" | 12.0rowspan="4" | U+1145Frowspan="4" | 1{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17093-newa-vedic-anusvara.pdf L2/17-093]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4865-17093-newa-vedic-anusvara.pdf N4865]{{Citation|title=Proposal to encode the NEWA LETTER VEDIC ANUSVARA|date=2017-04-08|first1=Srinidhi|last1=A|first2=Sridatta|last2=A|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17255-script-ad-hoc.pdf L2/17-255]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #152 July-August 2017 on Script Proposals|date=2017-07-28|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Roozbeh|last3=Pournader|first4=Lisa|last4=Moore|first5=Hai|last5=Liang|ref=none|section=7. Indic Editorial Updates}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17222.htm L2/17-222]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #152 Minutes|date=2017-08-11|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=D.6.1}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4953-M66-Minutes.pdf N4953 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4953-M66-Minutes.doc doc]){{Citation|title=Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 66|date=2018-03-23|ref=none|section=M66.16d}}
rowspan="9" | 13.0rowspan="4" | U+1145Arowspan="4" | 1{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2012/12003r-newar.pdf L2/12-003R]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4184.pdf N4184]{{Citation|title=Proposal to encode the Newar Script in ISO/IEC 10646|date=2012-02-29|first=Anshuman|last=Pandey|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17440-newa-double-comma.pdf L2/17-440]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4933-17440-newa-double-comma.pdf N4933]{{Citation|title=Proposal to encode the DOUBLE COMMA for Newa|date=2017-12-24|first1=Srinidhi|last1=A|first2=Sridatta|last2=A|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18039-script-adhoc-rec.pdf L2/18-039]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals|date=2018-01-19|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Roozbeh|last3=Pournader|first4=Lisa|last4=Moore|first5=Hai|last5=Liang|first6=Richard|last6=Cook|ref=none|section=16. Newa}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18115.htm L2/18-115]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #155 Minutes|date=2018-05-09|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=D.4.2}}
rowspan="5" | U+11460..11461rowspan="5" | 2{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17369r-newa-jihvamuliya-upadhmaniya.pdf L2/17-369R]}}[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n4932-17369r-newa-jihvamuliya-upadhmaniya.pdf N4932]{{Citation|title=Proposal to encode JIHVAMULIYA and UPADHMANIYA for Newa|date=2017-12-08|first1=Srinidhi|last1=A|first2=Sridatta|last2=A|ref=none}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2017/17364-pubrev.html L2/17-364]}}{{Citation|title=Comments on Public Review Issues (July 26 - October 13, 2017)|date=2017-10-09|first=Rick|last=McGowan|ref=none|section=Indic_Syllabic_Category of Newa jihvamuliya and upadhmaniya}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18039-script-adhoc-rec.pdf L2/18-039]}}{{Citation|title=Recommendations to UTC #154 January 2018 on Script Proposals|date=2018-01-19|first1=Deborah|last1=Anderson|first2=Ken|last2=Whistler|first3=Roozbeh|last3=Pournader|first4=Lisa|last4=Moore|first5=Hai|last5=Liang|first6=Richard|last6=Cook|ref=none|section=16. Newa}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2018/18115.htm L2/18-115]}}{{Citation|title=UTC #155 Minutes|date=2018-05-09|first=Lisa|last=Moore|ref=none|section=D.4.1}}
{{nobr|[https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n5020-M67-Minutes.pdf N5020 (pdf],}} [https://www.unicode.org/wg2/docs/n5020-M67-Minutes.doc doc]){{Citation|title=Unconfirmed minutes of WG 2 meeting 67|date=2019-01-11|first=V. S.|last=Umamaheswaran|ref=none|section=10.3.5}}
class="sortbottom"

| colspan="6" | {{reflist|group=lower-alpha|refs=Proposed code points and characters names may differ from final code points and names}}

References