Nigerian braille
{{Short description|Braille alphabets used in Nigeria}}
Several braille alphabets are used in Nigeria. For English, Unified English Braille has been adopted. Three other languages have been written in braille: Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba. All three alphabets are based on English readings, with the addition of letter's particular to these languages. Punctuation is as in English Braille.
:
| class=wikitable
|+Basic braille alphabet | ||||||||||||
| align=center
|{{Braille cell|type=image|a}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|b}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|c}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|d}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|e}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|f}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|g}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|h}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|i}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|j}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|k}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|l}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|m}} | ||||||||||||
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|a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m |
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|{{Braille cell|type=image|n}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|o}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|p}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|q}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|r}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|s}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|t}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|u}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|v}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|w}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|x}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|y}} |{{Braille cell|type=image|z}} | ||||||||||||
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|n | o | p | q | r | s | t | u | v | w | x | y | z |
The letters of these languages beyond the basic Latin alphabet are as follows:
Hausa Braille
{{Infobox writing system
| name = Hausa Braille
| altname =
| type = alphabet
| typedesc =
| time =
| languages = Hausa
| fam1 = Braille
| fam2 = English Braille
| print = Hausa alphabet
| creator =
| sample =
| imagesize =
| note = none
}}
Hausa includes
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
|{{bc|type=image|⠟}} |{{bc|type=image|⠩}} |{{bc|type=image|⠌}} |{{bc|type=image|1246}} |
from English q, sh, st, ed (international second d), and three derived letters:
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
!Basic letter: |{{bc|type=image|⠃}} |{{bc|type=image|⠅}} |{{bc|type=image|⠽}} |
| align=center
!Derived letter: |{{bc|type=image|⠆}} |{{bc|type=image|⠨}} |{{bc|type=image|⠯}} |
Hausa is presumably written in braille in Niger as well, since Ethnologue 17 reports that Zarma is written in braille in that country. However, this need not mean it uses the same alphabet as Nigerian Hausa.
Igbo Braille
{{Infobox writing system
| name = Igbo Braille
| altname =
| type = alphabet
| typedesc =
| time =
| languages = Igbo
| fam1 = Braille
| fam2 = English Braille
| print = Igbo alphabet
| creator =
| sample =
| imagesize =
| note = none
}}
Igbo Braille has
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
|{{bc|type=image|⠟}} |{{bc|type=image|16}} |{{bc|type=image|⠣}} |{{bc|type=image|⠩}} |
from English q, ch, gh, sh, and six other letters with common international/African values:
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
!Basic letter: |{{bc|type=image|⠃}} |{{bc|type=image|⠑}} |{{bc|type=image|⠊}} |{{bc|type=image|⠕}} |{{bc|type=image|⠥}} |
| align=center
!Extended letter: |{{bc|type=image|⠆}} |{{bc|type=image|⠢}} |{{bc|type=image|⠔}} |{{bc|type=image|⠪}} |{{bc|type=image|1256}} |{{bc|type=image|346}} |
(See Ewe Braille and Kabiye Braille for similar code assignments.)
Yoruba Braille
{{Infobox writing system
| name = Yoruba Braille
| altname =
| type = alphabet
| typedesc =
| time =
| languages = Yoruba
| fam1 = Braille
| fam2 = English Braille
| print = Yoruba alphabet
| creator =
| sample =
| imagesize =
| note = none
}}
Yoruba Braille also has
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| align=center
|{{bc|type=image|⠟}} |{{bc|type=image|⠩}} |
(from English q, sh), and three derived letters:
| class="wikitable" style="line-height: 1.2" |
| align=center
!Basic letter: |{{bc|type=image|⠃}} |{{bc|type=image|⠑}} |{{bc|type=image|⠕}} |
| align=center
!Derived letter: |{{bc|type=image|⠆}} |{{bc|type=image|⠢}} |{{bc|type=image|⠪}} |
The vowel assignments follow international conventions.
References
- Braille Notation Booklet on the Hausa, Igbo, and Yoruba Orthographies: A Research Work on Standard Braille Codes for the Blind in Nigeria, March 1981 – April 1982
- UNESCO (2013) [https://www.pharmabraille.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/World-Braille-Usage-Third-Edition-1.pdf World Braille Usage], 3rd edition.
{{Braille}}
{{Igbo language}}