Nozomi (train)
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{{Short description|Japanese high-speed train service}}
{{italic title}}
{{Infobox rail service
| name = Nozomi
| image = Series-N700A-F20.jpg
| image_width = 300px
| caption = N700A Series Nozomi, September 2021
| type = Shinkansen (Express)
| status = Operational
| locale =
| predecessor =
| first = 1934 (Express)
1992 (Shinkansen)
| last =
| successor =
| operator = JR Central, JR West
| formeroperator=
| ridership =
| start = {{STN|Tokyo|x}}
| stops =
| end = {{STN|Hakata|x}}
| distance =
| journeytime =
| frequency =
| trainnumber =
| line_used = Tōkaidō Shinkansen
San'yō Shinkansen
| class = Green/standard
| access =
| seating =
| catering = Trolley service (ended October 2023)
| observation =
| entertainment=
| otherfacilities=
| stock = N700 series, N700S series
| gauge = {{RailGauge|1435mm|allk=on}}
| speed = {{convert|300|km/h|mph|round=10|abbr=on}} (San'yō Shinkansen)
{{convert|285|km/h|mph|round=10|abbr=on}} (Tōkaidō Shinkansen)
| owners =
| routenumber =
| map =
| map_state =
}}
{{nihongo|Nozomi|のぞみ|4="Wish" or "Hope"}} is the fastest train service running on the Tokaido and San'yō Shinkansen lines in Japan. The service stops at only the largest stations, and services using N700 series equipment reach speeds of {{convert|300|km/h|mph|0|abbr=on}} along the stretch between {{STN|Shin-Ōsaka|x}} and {{STN|Hakata|x}}. The trip between Tokyo and Osaka, a distance of {{convert|515|km|mi}}, takes 2 hours 21 minutes on the fastest Nozomi service, with the fastest service between Tokyo Station and Hakata taking 4 hours 45 minutes.[http://www.hyperdia.com/cgi-english/hyperWeb.cgi?H_CMD=SHOW_TRAIN_DIA&DEP_NODE=23&ARV_NODE=0&YEAR=2009&MONTH=6&DAY=11&TRAIN=2195&LINE=1328&JP_MODE=0 Hyperdia: Shin-Osaka–Tokyo timetable for 2009-06-11]{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
The trains stop at fewer stations than the Hikari and Kodama trains. On the Tōkaidō Shinkansen between Tokyo and Shin-Ōsaka, Nozomi trains stop only at {{STN|Shinagawa|x}}, {{STN|Shin-Yokohama|x}}, {{STN|Nagoya|x}} and {{STN|Kyōto|x}}. On the Sanyō Shinkansen between Shin-Ōsaka and Hakata, all Nozomi trains stop at {{STN|Shin-Kobe|x}}, {{STN|Hiroshima|x}}, {{STN|Okayama|x}} and {{STN|Kokura|x}}, with certain trains also stopping at additional stations.
Foreigners traveling with a Japan Rail Pass are required to purchase a special ticket to use the Nozomi service.{{cite web|url= https://japanrailpass.net/en/use/special-ticket/|title= Use of "NOZOMI" and "MIZUHO" Shinkansen bullet trains|publisher= Japan Railways Group|access-date= 3 November 2023}}
Stopping patterns (as of January 2024)
Legend
| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! ● | All trains stop |
| △
| Some trains stop |
|---|
Only basic Nozomi stopping patterns are shown. Additional Nozomi trains with differing stopping patterns are added during holiday and high-peak travel periods and are not included in this table.
| class=wikitable
! Station ! Distance (km) ! Tokyo – Hakata* |
| {{STN|Tōkyō|x}}
|align=center|0.0 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Shinagawa|x}}
|align=center|6.8 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Shin-Yokohama|x}}
|align=center|25.5 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Nagoya|x}}
|align=center|342.0 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Kyoto|x}}
|align=center|476.3 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Shin-Ōsaka|x}}
|align=center|515.4 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Shin-Kōbe|x}}
|align=center|548.0 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Nishi-Akashi|x}}
|align=center|570.2 |align=center|△ |
| {{STN|Himeji|x}}
|align=center|601.3 |align=center|△ |
| {{STN|Okayama|x}}
|align=center|676.3 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Fukuyama|x}}
|align=center|733.1 |align=center|△ |
| {{STN|Hiroshima|x}}
|align=center|821.2 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Tokuyama|x}}
|align=center|903.5 |align=center|△ |
| {{STN|Shin-Yamaguchi|x}}
|align=center|944.6 |align=center|△ |
| {{STN|Kokura|x}}
|align=center|1013.2 |align=center|● |
| {{STN|Hakata|x}}
|align=center|1069.1 |align=center|● |
Note:
Rolling stock
=Current rolling stock=
- N700 series (July 2007 – present)
- N700S series (July 2020 – present)
File:Shinkansen N700 z15.jpg|N700 series, June 2008
File:Series-N700S-J2.jpg|N700S series, September 2021
=Former rolling stock=
- 300 series (March 1992 – March 2012)
- 500 series (March 1997 – June 2008)
- 700 series (March 1999 – March 2020){{cite web |author= |date=2 March 2020 |title=新幹線700系の8日ラストラン取りやめ 感染拡大防止で 1日が最後の運行に |trans-title=700 Series Shinkansen Last Run Cancelled |url=https://mainichi.jp/articles/20200302/k00/00m/040/179000c |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200303063356/https://mainichi.jp/articles/20200302/k00/00m/040/179000c |archive-date=3 March 2020 |access-date=4 March 2020 |website=Mainichi Shimbun |publisher=Mainichi |language=ja}}
File:Shinkansen 300kei J61.JPG|300 series, February 2011
File:Shinkansen 500 series W2 formation.jpg|500 series, February 2010
File:JR Central Shinkansen 700.jpg|700 series, January 2008
Formations
= Current operations =
== N700 series / N700S series ==
As of November 2024, trains are formed as shown below, with car 1 at the Hakata end, and car 16 at the Tokyo end. All seats are non-smoking.JR Timetable, August 2011, p.997{{cite book |title=新幹線 車両大全 |date=November 2011 |publisher=Ikaros Publications Ltd. |isbn=978-4-86320-526-0 |location=Tokyo, Japan |pages=60–135 |trans-title=Shinkansen Cars Encyclopedia}}{{Cite web |title=Accommodations of trains |url=https://global.jr-central.co.jp/en/info/accommodation/index.html |access-date=28 November 2024|website=Central Japan Railway Company}}
| class="wikitable" |
| Car {{abbr|no.|number}}
! 1 ! 2 ! 3 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 4 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 5 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 6 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 7 ! style="background: #E6FFE6" | 8 ! style="background: #E6FFE6" | 9 ! style="background: #E6FFE6" | 10 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 11 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 12 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 13 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 14 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 15 ! style="background: #FFF2E6" | 16 |
|---|
| Class
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | Standard | colspan="4" style="background:#FFF2E6; text-align:center" | Standard | colspan="3" style="background:#E6FFE6; text-align:center" | Green | colspan="6" style="background:#FFF2E6; text-align:center" | Standard |
| Reservation
| colspan="3" style="text-align:center" | Non-reserved | colspan="4" style="background:#FFF2E6; text-align:center" | Reserved | colspan="3" style="background:#E6FFE6; text-align:center" | Reserved | colspan="6" style="background:#FFF2E6; text-align:center" | Reserved |
| Facilities
| Toilet | | Toilet | style="background: #FFFAF5" | | style="background: #FFFAF5" | Toilet | style="background: #FFFAF5" | Vending machine | style="background: #FFFAF5" | Toilet | style="background: #F5FFF5" | | style="background: #F5FFF5" | Toilet | style="background: #F5FFF5" | | style="background: #FFFAF5" | Vending machine, toilet, wheelchair space | style="background: #FFFAF5" | | style="background: #FFFAF5" | Toilet | style="background: #FFFAF5" | | style="background: #FFFAF5" | Toilet | style="background: #FFFAF5" | |
Electric power outlets are located at the ends and at window seats of standard cars, and at each seat in Green cars.
In 2021, payphones were removed from cars 4, 9, 15 (previously present on N700 trains only) and car 12 (previously present on all trains). In March 2024, smoking rooms were removed from all Tokaido, San'yo, and Kyushu Shinkansen trains and station platforms.{{Cite web |last=Kinoshita |first=Kenji |date=17 October 2023 |title=東海道・山陽・九州新幹線の車内喫煙ルーム、2024年春にすべて廃止 |trans-title=All smoking rooms on Tokaido, Sanyo, and Kyushu Shinkansen trains will be discontinued in spring 2024. |url=https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20231017-2795090/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231018011801/https://news.mynavi.jp/article/20231017-2795090/ |archive-date=18 October 2023 |access-date=19 October 2023 |website=MyNavi Corporation}}{{Cite web |title=Smokers bitter as cigarettes banned on all Shinkansen lines {{!}} The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis |url=https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/15202064 |access-date=2024-05-17 |website=The Asahi Shimbun |language=en}}
File:Shinkansen N700 series Green seat.JPG|N700 series Green car interior
File:Shinkansen N700 series Standard-sized car seat.JPG|N700 series standard-class car interior
= Former operations =
== 700 series ==
Services formerly operated with 700 series sets at the time of their removal in March 2020 were as follows:
| class="wikitable" | ||||||||||||||||
| Car No. | 1 | 2 | 3 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 4 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 5 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 6 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 7 | style="background: #E6FFE6" | 8 | style="background: #E6FFE6" | 9 | style="background: #E6FFE6" | 10 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 11 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 12 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 13 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 14 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 15 | style="background: #FFF2E6"| 16 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class
and Reservation | Standard | ||||||||||||||||
| Facilities
| Toilet || Cardphone || Toilet, vending machine || style="background: #FFFAF5" | || style="background: #FFFAF5"| Toilet || style="background: #FFFAF5" | Cardphone || style="background: #FFFAF5"| Toilet || style="background: #F5FFF5" | || style="background: #F5FFF5" | Toilet || style="background: #F5FFF5" | || style="background: #FFFAF5"| Vending machine, toilet, wheelchair space || style="background: #FFFAF5" | Cardphone || style="background: #FFFAF5"| Toilet || style="background: #FFFAF5" | || style="background: #FFFAF5"| Vending machine, toilet, cardphone || style="background: #FFFAF5" | | ||||||||||||||||
| Smoking
| 15px No-smoking || 15px No-smoking || 14x14px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5" | 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 14x14px No-smoking || style="background: #F5FFF5" | 15px No-smoking || style="background: #F5FFF5" | 15px No-smoking || style="background: #F5FFF5" | 15px Smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px No-smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px Smoking || style="background: #FFFAF5"| 15px Smoking |
History
=Wartime steam services=
The Nozomi name was first used for long-distance express services operated between Busan in Japanese-occupied Korea and Mukden (now Shenyang) in the former Manchukuo (now China) from 1934.{{cite book | title = JR急行・快速列車|trans-title=JR Express & Rapid Trains| publisher = Railway Journal| date = 2 November 1991 | location = Tokyo, Japan| page = 127}} From 1938, the services were extended to run between Busan and Xinjing (now Changchun) in Manchukuo. The {{Convert|1,530|km|mi|abbr=on}} journey from Busan to Xinjing took over 29 hours, with an average speed of {{Convert|52|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. The services were run down between 1943 and 1944.
=Shinkansen services=
Nozomi shinkansen services commenced on March 14, 1992, using new 300 series trainsets with a top speed of {{Convert|270|km/h|mph|abbr=on}}. From March 1997, 500 series trainsets were introduced on Tokyo - Hakata Nozomi services, running at a maximum speed of {{Convert|300|km/h|mph|abbr=on}} and covering the section between Shin-Osaka and Hakata in 2 hours 17 minutes.
700 series trains were introduced on Nozomi services in 1999, and N700 series trains were introduced from July 1, 2007, initially with four daily round-trip runs. All regularly scheduled through Nozomi services to the San'yō Shinkansen (Tokyo–Hakata) were operated by N700 series sets from 13 March 2010. From the start of the revised timetable on 17 March 2012, all regularly scheduled Nozomi services, including runs limited to the Tokaido Shinkansen, were operated by N700 series sets.
Effective December 2023, JR Central and JR West adjusted all Nozomi services to operate completely with reservations during three seasons that experience the highest ridership: New Years and Christmas (late December through the first week of January), Golden Week (29 April to 5 May), and the Obon festival (mid to late August).{{Cite web |date=14 September 2023 |title=JR東海・JR西日本，3大ピーク期に"のぞみ"を全席指定席で運転 |trans-title=JR Central and JR West to Discontinue Non-Reserved Seats on all Nozomi Services during Three Major Holidays |url=https://railf.jp/news/2023/09/14/064000.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230914013332/https://railf.jp/news/2023/09/14/064000.html |archive-date=14 September 2023 |access-date=8 January 2024 |website=Japan Railfan Magazine Online |language=ja}} These adjustments were made in a bid to increase seat patronage and reduce the amount of standing passengers. Starting in March 2025, Nozomi services will begin operating with only two unreserved cars instead of three outside of peak periods, with officials citing an increase in the popularity of online train reservations.{{Cite web |url=https://www.asahi.com/ajw/articles/15527633 |title=Nozomi bullet train to reduce non-reserved seats in March|last=Hosozawa|first=Ayateru |date=28 November 2024|publisher=Asahi Shimbun|access-date=28 November 2024}}
See also
References
{{refbegin}}
- {{cite book | title = JR新幹線＆特急列車ファイル |trans-title=JR Shinkansen & Limited Express Train File| publisher = Kōtsū Shimbun | year = 2008 | location = Japan | isbn = 978-4-330-00608-6}}
- JR Timetable, March 2008 issue
{{refend}}
{{reflist}}
{{Shinkansen}}
{{JR Central trains}}
{{JR West trains}}